diff --git a/backend/src/db/migrations/20250710022434_add-index-for-access-token.ts b/backend/src/db/migrations/20250710022434_add-index-for-access-token.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a0215891d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/db/migrations/20250710022434_add-index-for-access-token.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { Knex } from "knex";
+
+import { TableName } from "../schemas";
+
+const MIGRATION_TIMEOUT = 30 * 60 * 1000; // 30 minutes
+
+export async function up(knex: Knex): Promise<void> {
+  const result = await knex.raw("SHOW statement_timeout");
+  const originalTimeout = result.rows[0].statement_timeout;
+
+  try {
+    await knex.raw(`SET statement_timeout = ${MIGRATION_TIMEOUT}`);
+
+    // iat means IdentityAccessToken
+    await knex.raw(`
+          CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_iat_identity_id 
+          ON ${TableName.IdentityAccessToken} ("identityId")
+        `);
+
+    await knex.raw(`
+          CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_iat_ua_client_secret_id 
+          ON ${TableName.IdentityAccessToken} ("identityUAClientSecretId")
+        `);
+  } finally {
+    await knex.raw(`SET statement_timeout = '${originalTimeout}'`);
+  }
+}
+
+export async function down(knex: Knex): Promise<void> {
+  const result = await knex.raw("SHOW statement_timeout");
+  const originalTimeout = result.rows[0].statement_timeout;
+
+  try {
+    await knex.raw(`SET statement_timeout = ${MIGRATION_TIMEOUT}`);
+
+    await knex.raw(`
+          DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_iat_identity_id
+        `);
+
+    await knex.raw(`
+          DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_iat_ua_client_secret_id
+        `);
+  } finally {
+    await knex.raw(`SET statement_timeout = '${originalTimeout}'`);
+  }
+}
+
+export const config = { transaction: false };