Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into feat/gateway-v2

backend/src/services/app-connection/app-connection-enums.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ export enum AppConnection {
   AzureAppConfiguration = "azure-app-configuration",
   AzureClientSecrets = "azure-client-secrets",
   AzureDevOps = "azure-devops",
+  AzureADCS = "azure-adcs",
   Humanitec = "humanitec",
   TerraformCloud = "terraform-cloud",
   Vercel = "vercel",

backend/src/services/app-connection/app-connection-fns.ts

@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@ import {
 } from "./app-connection-types";
 import { Auth0ConnectionMethod, getAuth0ConnectionListItem, validateAuth0ConnectionCredentials } from "./auth0";
 import { AwsConnectionMethod, getAwsConnectionListItem, validateAwsConnectionCredentials } from "./aws";
+import { AzureADCSConnectionMethod } from "./azure-adcs";
+import {
+  getAzureADCSConnectionListItem,
+  validateAzureADCSConnectionCredentials
+} from "./azure-adcs/azure-adcs-connection-fns";
 import {
   AzureAppConfigurationConnectionMethod,
   getAzureAppConfigurationConnectionListItem,
@@ -137,6 +142,7 @@ export const listAppConnectionOptions = () => {
     getAzureKeyVaultConnectionListItem(),
     getAzureAppConfigurationConnectionListItem(),
     getAzureDevopsConnectionListItem(),
+    getAzureADCSConnectionListItem(),
     getDatabricksConnectionListItem(),
     getHumanitecConnectionListItem(),
     getTerraformCloudConnectionListItem(),
@@ -229,6 +235,7 @@ export const validateAppConnectionCredentials = async (
     [AppConnection.AzureClientSecrets]:
       validateAzureClientSecretsConnectionCredentials as TAppConnectionCredentialsValidator,
     [AppConnection.AzureDevOps]: validateAzureDevOpsConnectionCredentials as TAppConnectionCredentialsValidator,
+    [AppConnection.AzureADCS]: validateAzureADCSConnectionCredentials as TAppConnectionCredentialsValidator,
     [AppConnection.Humanitec]: validateHumanitecConnectionCredentials as TAppConnectionCredentialsValidator,
     [AppConnection.Postgres]: validateSqlConnectionCredentials as TAppConnectionCredentialsValidator,
     [AppConnection.MsSql]: validateSqlConnectionCredentials as TAppConnectionCredentialsValidator,
@@ -302,6 +309,7 @@ export const getAppConnectionMethodName = (method: TAppConnection["method"]) =>
     case MsSqlConnectionMethod.UsernameAndPassword:
     case MySqlConnectionMethod.UsernameAndPassword:
     case OracleDBConnectionMethod.UsernameAndPassword:
+    case AzureADCSConnectionMethod.UsernamePassword:
       return "Username & Password";
     case WindmillConnectionMethod.AccessToken:
     case HCVaultConnectionMethod.AccessToken:
@@ -359,6 +367,7 @@ export const TRANSITION_CONNECTION_CREDENTIALS_TO_PLATFORM: Record<
   [AppConnection.AzureKeyVault]: platformManagedCredentialsNotSupported,
   [AppConnection.AzureAppConfiguration]: platformManagedCredentialsNotSupported,
   [AppConnection.AzureDevOps]: platformManagedCredentialsNotSupported,
+  [AppConnection.AzureADCS]: platformManagedCredentialsNotSupported,
   [AppConnection.Humanitec]: platformManagedCredentialsNotSupported,
   [AppConnection.Postgres]: transferSqlConnectionCredentialsToPlatform as TAppConnectionTransitionCredentialsToPlatform,
   [AppConnection.MsSql]: transferSqlConnectionCredentialsToPlatform as TAppConnectionTransitionCredentialsToPlatform,

backend/src/services/app-connection/app-connection-maps.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ export const APP_CONNECTION_NAME_MAP: Record<AppConnection, string> = {
   [AppConnection.AzureAppConfiguration]: "Azure App Configuration",
   [AppConnection.AzureClientSecrets]: "Azure Client Secrets",
   [AppConnection.AzureDevOps]: "Azure DevOps",
+  [AppConnection.AzureADCS]: "Azure ADCS",
   [AppConnection.Databricks]: "Databricks",
   [AppConnection.Humanitec]: "Humanitec",
   [AppConnection.TerraformCloud]: "Terraform Cloud",
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@ export const APP_CONNECTION_PLAN_MAP: Record<AppConnection, AppConnectionPlanTyp
   [AppConnection.AzureAppConfiguration]: AppConnectionPlanType.Regular,
   [AppConnection.AzureClientSecrets]: AppConnectionPlanType.Regular,
   [AppConnection.AzureDevOps]: AppConnectionPlanType.Regular,
+  [AppConnection.AzureADCS]: AppConnectionPlanType.Regular,
   [AppConnection.Databricks]: AppConnectionPlanType.Regular,
   [AppConnection.Humanitec]: AppConnectionPlanType.Regular,
   [AppConnection.TerraformCloud]: AppConnectionPlanType.Regular,

backend/src/services/app-connection/app-connection-service.ts

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ import {
 import { ValidateAuth0ConnectionCredentialsSchema } from "./auth0";
 import { ValidateAwsConnectionCredentialsSchema } from "./aws";
 import { awsConnectionService } from "./aws/aws-connection-service";
+import { ValidateAzureADCSConnectionCredentialsSchema } from "./azure-adcs/azure-adcs-connection-schemas";
 import { ValidateAzureAppConfigurationConnectionCredentialsSchema } from "./azure-app-configuration";
 import { ValidateAzureClientSecretsConnectionCredentialsSchema } from "./azure-client-secrets";
 import { azureClientSecretsConnectionService } from "./azure-client-secrets/azure-client-secrets-service";
@@ -126,6 +127,7 @@ const VALIDATE_APP_CONNECTION_CREDENTIALS_MAP: Record<AppConnection, TValidateAp
   [AppConnection.AzureKeyVault]: ValidateAzureKeyVaultConnectionCredentialsSchema,
   [AppConnection.AzureAppConfiguration]: ValidateAzureAppConfigurationConnectionCredentialsSchema,
   [AppConnection.AzureDevOps]: ValidateAzureDevOpsConnectionCredentialsSchema,
+  [AppConnection.AzureADCS]: ValidateAzureADCSConnectionCredentialsSchema,
   [AppConnection.Databricks]: ValidateDatabricksConnectionCredentialsSchema,
   [AppConnection.Humanitec]: ValidateHumanitecConnectionCredentialsSchema,
   [AppConnection.TerraformCloud]: ValidateTerraformCloudConnectionCredentialsSchema,
@@ -609,7 +611,7 @@ export const appConnectionServiceFactory = ({
     azureClientSecrets: azureClientSecretsConnectionService(connectAppConnectionById, appConnectionDAL, kmsService),
     azureDevOps: azureDevOpsConnectionService(connectAppConnectionById, appConnectionDAL, kmsService),
     auth0: auth0ConnectionService(connectAppConnectionById, appConnectionDAL, kmsService),
-    hcvault: hcVaultConnectionService(connectAppConnectionById),
+    hcvault: hcVaultConnectionService(connectAppConnectionById, gatewayService),
     windmill: windmillConnectionService(connectAppConnectionById),
     teamcity: teamcityConnectionService(connectAppConnectionById),
     oci: ociConnectionService(connectAppConnectionById, licenseService),

backend/src/services/app-connection/app-connection-types.ts

@@ -34,6 +34,12 @@ import {
   TAwsConnectionInput,
   TValidateAwsConnectionCredentialsSchema
 } from "./aws";
+import {
+  TAzureADCSConnection,
+  TAzureADCSConnectionConfig,
+  TAzureADCSConnectionInput,
+  TValidateAzureADCSConnectionCredentialsSchema
+} from "./azure-adcs/azure-adcs-connection-types";
 import {
   TAzureAppConfigurationConnection,
   TAzureAppConfigurationConnectionConfig,
@@ -224,6 +230,7 @@ export type TAppConnection = { id: string } & (
   | TAzureKeyVaultConnection
   | TAzureAppConfigurationConnection
   | TAzureDevOpsConnection
+  | TAzureADCSConnection
   | TDatabricksConnection
   | THumanitecConnection
   | TTerraformCloudConnection
@@ -268,6 +275,7 @@ export type TAppConnectionInput = { id: string } & (
   | TAzureKeyVaultConnectionInput
   | TAzureAppConfigurationConnectionInput
   | TAzureDevOpsConnectionInput
+  | TAzureADCSConnectionInput
   | TDatabricksConnectionInput
   | THumanitecConnectionInput
   | TTerraformCloudConnectionInput
@@ -323,6 +331,7 @@ export type TAppConnectionConfig =
   | TAzureKeyVaultConnectionConfig
   | TAzureAppConfigurationConnectionConfig
   | TAzureDevOpsConnectionConfig
+  | TAzureADCSConnectionConfig
   | TAzureClientSecretsConnectionConfig
   | TDatabricksConnectionConfig
   | THumanitecConnectionConfig
@@ -360,6 +369,7 @@ export type TValidateAppConnectionCredentialsSchema =
   | TValidateAzureAppConfigurationConnectionCredentialsSchema
   | TValidateAzureClientSecretsConnectionCredentialsSchema
   | TValidateAzureDevOpsConnectionCredentialsSchema
+  | TValidateAzureADCSConnectionCredentialsSchema
   | TValidateDatabricksConnectionCredentialsSchema
   | TValidateHumanitecConnectionCredentialsSchema
   | TValidatePostgresConnectionCredentialsSchema

backend/src/services/app-connection/auth0/auth0-connection-fns.ts

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ export const validateAuth0ConnectionCredentials = async ({ credentials }: TAuth0
     };
   } catch (e: unknown) {
     throw new BadRequestError({
-      message: (e as Error).message ?? `Unable to validate connection: verify credentials`
+      message: (e as Error).message ?? "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
     });
   }
 };

backend/src/services/app-connection/azure-adcs/azure-adcs-connection-enums.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export enum AzureADCSConnectionMethod {
+  UsernamePassword = "username-password"
+}

backend/src/services/app-connection/azure-adcs/azure-adcs-connection-fns.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,455 @@
+/* eslint-disable no-case-declarations, @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment, @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call, @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access, @typescript-eslint/no-var-requires, no-await-in-loop, no-continue */
+import { NtlmClient } from "axios-ntlm";
+import https from "https";
+
+import { BadRequestError, NotFoundError } from "@app/lib/errors";
+import { blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses } from "@app/lib/validator/validate-url";
+import { decryptAppConnectionCredentials } from "@app/services/app-connection/app-connection-fns";
+import { TKmsServiceFactory } from "@app/services/kms/kms-service";
+
+import { TAppConnectionDALFactory } from "../app-connection-dal";
+import { AppConnection } from "../app-connection-enums";
+import { AzureADCSConnectionMethod } from "./azure-adcs-connection-enums";
+import { TAzureADCSConnectionConfig } from "./azure-adcs-connection-types";
+
+// Type definitions for axios-ntlm
+interface AxiosNtlmConfig {
+  ntlm: {
+    domain: string;
+    username: string;
+    password: string;
+  };
+  httpsAgent?: https.Agent;
+  url: string;
+  method?: string;
+  data?: string;
+  headers?: Record<string, string>;
+}
+
+interface AxiosNtlmResponse {
+  status: number;
+  data: string;
+  headers: unknown;
+}
+
+// Types for credential parsing
+interface ParsedCredentials {
+  domain: string;
+  username: string;
+  fullUsername: string; // domain\username format
+}
+
+// Helper function to parse and normalize credentials for Windows authentication
+const parseCredentials = (inputUsername: string): ParsedCredentials => {
+  // Ensure inputUsername is a string
+  if (typeof inputUsername !== "string" || !inputUsername.trim()) {
+    throw new BadRequestError({
+      message: "Username must be a non-empty string"
+    });
+  }
+
+  let domain = "";
+  let username = "";
+  let fullUsername = "";
+
+  if (inputUsername.includes("\\")) {
+    // Already in domain\username format
+    const parts = inputUsername.split("\\");
+    if (parts.length === 2) {
+      [domain, username] = parts;
+      fullUsername = inputUsername;
+    } else {
+      throw new BadRequestError({
+        message: "Invalid domain\\username format. Expected format: DOMAIN\\username"
+      });
+    }
+  } else if (inputUsername.includes("@")) {
+    // UPN format: [email protected]
+    const [user, domainPart] = inputUsername.split("@");
+    if (!user || !domainPart) {
+      throw new BadRequestError({
+        message: "Invalid UPN format. Expected format: [email protected]"
+      });
+    }
+
+    username = user;
+    // Extract NetBIOS name from FQDN
+    domain = domainPart.split(".")[0].toUpperCase();
+    fullUsername = `${domain}\\${username}`;
+  } else {
+    // Plain username - assume local account or current domain
+    username = inputUsername;
+    domain = "";
+    fullUsername = inputUsername;
+  }
+
+  return { domain, username, fullUsername };
+};
+
+// Helper to normalize URL
+const normalizeAdcsUrl = (url: string): string => {
+  let normalizedUrl = url.trim();
+
+  // Remove trailing slash
+  normalizedUrl = normalizedUrl.replace(/\/$/, "");
+
+  // Ensure HTTPS protocol
+  if (normalizedUrl.startsWith("http://")) {
+    normalizedUrl = normalizedUrl.replace("http://", "https://");
+  } else if (!normalizedUrl.startsWith("https://")) {
+    normalizedUrl = `https://${normalizedUrl}`;
+  }
+
+  return normalizedUrl;
+};
+
+// NTLM request wrapper
+const createHttpsAgent = (sslRejectUnauthorized: boolean, sslCertificate?: string): https.Agent => {
+  const agentOptions: https.AgentOptions = {
+    rejectUnauthorized: sslRejectUnauthorized,
+    keepAlive: true, // axios-ntlm needs keepAlive for NTLM handshake
+    ca: sslCertificate ? [sslCertificate.trim()] : undefined,
+    // Disable hostname verification as Microsoft servers by default use local IPs for certificates
+    // which may not match the hostname used to connect
+    checkServerIdentity: () => undefined
+  };
+
+  return new https.Agent(agentOptions);
+};
+
+const axiosNtlmRequest = async (config: AxiosNtlmConfig): Promise<AxiosNtlmResponse> => {
+  const method = config.method || "GET";
+
+  const credentials = {
+    username: config.ntlm.username,
+    password: config.ntlm.password,
+    domain: config.ntlm.domain || "",
+    workstation: ""
+  };
+
+  const axiosConfig = {
+    httpsAgent: config.httpsAgent,
+    timeout: 30000
+  };
+
+  const client = NtlmClient(credentials, axiosConfig);
+
+  const requestOptions: { url: string; method: string; data?: string; headers?: Record<string, string> } = {
+    url: config.url,
+    method
+  };
+
+  if (config.data) {
+    requestOptions.data = config.data;
+  }
+
+  if (config.headers) {
+    requestOptions.headers = config.headers;
+  }
+
+  const response = await client(requestOptions);
+
+  return {
+    status: response.status,
+    data: response.data,
+    headers: response.headers
+  };
+};
+
+// Test ADCS connectivity and authentication using NTLM
+const testAdcsConnection = async (
+  credentials: ParsedCredentials,
+  password: string,
+  baseUrl: string,
+  sslRejectUnauthorized: boolean = true,
+  sslCertificate?: string
+): Promise<boolean> => {
+  // Test endpoints in order of preference
+  const testEndpoints = [
+    "/certsrv/certrqus.asp", // Certificate request status (most reliable)
+    "/certsrv/certfnsh.asp", // Certificate finalization
+    "/certsrv/default.asp", // Main ADCS page
+    "/certsrv/" // Root certsrv
+  ];
+
+  for (const endpoint of testEndpoints) {
+    try {
+      const testUrl = `${baseUrl}${endpoint}`;
+
+      const shouldRejectUnauthorized = sslRejectUnauthorized;
+
+      const httpsAgent = createHttpsAgent(shouldRejectUnauthorized, sslCertificate);
+
+      const response = await axiosNtlmRequest({
+        url: testUrl,
+        method: "GET",
+        httpsAgent,
+        ntlm: {
+          domain: credentials.domain,
+          username: credentials.username,
+          password
+        }
+      });
+
+      // Check if we got a successful response
+      if (response.status === 200) {
+        const responseText = response.data;
+
+        // Verify this is actually an ADCS server by checking content
+        const adcsIndicators = [
+          "Microsoft Active Directory Certificate Services",
+          "Certificate Services",
+          "Request a certificate",
+          "certsrv",
+          "Certificate Template",
+          "Web Enrollment"
+        ];
+
+        const isAdcsServer = adcsIndicators.some((indicator) =>
+          responseText.toLowerCase().includes(indicator.toLowerCase())
+        );
+
+        if (isAdcsServer) {
+          // Successfully authenticated and confirmed ADCS
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (response.status === 401) {
+        throw new BadRequestError({
+          message: "Authentication failed. Please verify your credentials are correct."
+        });
+      }
+
+      if (response.status === 403) {
+        throw new BadRequestError({
+          message: "Access denied. Your account may not have permission to access ADCS web enrollment."
+        });
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (error instanceof BadRequestError) {
+        throw error;
+      }
+
+      // Handle network and connection errors
+      if (error instanceof Error) {
+        if (error.message.includes("ENOTFOUND")) {
+          throw new BadRequestError({
+            message: "Cannot resolve ADCS server hostname. Please verify the URL is correct."
+          });
+        }
+        if (error.message.includes("ECONNREFUSED")) {
+          throw new BadRequestError({
+            message: "Connection refused by ADCS server. Please verify the server is running and accessible."
+          });
+        }
+        if (error.message.includes("ETIMEDOUT") || error.message.includes("timeout")) {
+          throw new BadRequestError({
+            message: "Connection timeout. Please verify the server is accessible and not blocked by firewall."
+          });
+        }
+        if (error.message.includes("certificate") || error.message.includes("SSL") || error.message.includes("TLS")) {
+          throw new BadRequestError({
+            message: `SSL/TLS certificate error: ${error.message}. This may indicate a certificate verification failure.`
+          });
+        }
+        if (error.message.includes("DEPTH_ZERO_SELF_SIGNED_CERT")) {
+          throw new BadRequestError({
+            message:
+              "Self-signed certificate detected. Either provide the server's certificate or set 'sslRejectUnauthorized' to false."
+          });
+        }
+        if (error.message.includes("UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE")) {
+          throw new BadRequestError({
+            message: "Unable to verify certificate signature. Please provide the correct CA certificate."
+          });
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Continue to next endpoint for other errors
+      continue;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If we get here, no endpoint worked
+  throw new BadRequestError({
+    message: "Could not connect to ADCS server. Please verify the server URL and that Web Enrollment is enabled."
+  });
+};
+
+// Create authenticated NTLM client for ADCS operations
+const createNtlmClient = (
+  username: string,
+  password: string,
+  baseUrl: string,
+  sslRejectUnauthorized: boolean = true,
+  sslCertificate?: string
+) => {
+  const parsedCredentials = parseCredentials(username);
+  const normalizedUrl = normalizeAdcsUrl(baseUrl);
+
+  return {
+    get: async (endpoint: string, additionalHeaders: Record<string, string> = {}) => {
+      const shouldRejectUnauthorized = sslRejectUnauthorized;
+
+      const httpsAgent = createHttpsAgent(shouldRejectUnauthorized, sslCertificate);
+
+      return axiosNtlmRequest({
+        url: `${normalizedUrl}${endpoint}`,
+        method: "GET",
+        httpsAgent,
+        headers: additionalHeaders,
+        ntlm: {
+          domain: parsedCredentials.domain,
+          username: parsedCredentials.username,
+          password
+        }
+      });
+    },
+    post: async (endpoint: string, body: string, additionalHeaders: Record<string, string> = {}) => {
+      const shouldRejectUnauthorized = sslRejectUnauthorized;
+
+      const httpsAgent = createHttpsAgent(shouldRejectUnauthorized, sslCertificate);
+
+      return axiosNtlmRequest({
+        url: `${normalizedUrl}${endpoint}`,
+        method: "POST",
+        httpsAgent,
+        data: body,
+        headers: {
+          "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+          ...additionalHeaders
+        },
+        ntlm: {
+          domain: parsedCredentials.domain,
+          username: parsedCredentials.username,
+          password
+        }
+      });
+    },
+    baseUrl: normalizedUrl,
+    credentials: parsedCredentials
+  };
+};
+
+export const getAzureADCSConnectionCredentials = async (
+  connectionId: string,
+  appConnectionDAL: Pick<TAppConnectionDALFactory, "findById">,
+  kmsService: Pick<TKmsServiceFactory, "createCipherPairWithDataKey">
+) => {
+  const appConnection = await appConnectionDAL.findById(connectionId);
+
+  if (!appConnection) {
+    throw new NotFoundError({ message: `Connection with ID '${connectionId}' not found` });
+  }
+
+  if (appConnection.app !== AppConnection.AzureADCS) {
+    throw new BadRequestError({ message: `Connection with ID '${connectionId}' is not an Azure ADCS connection` });
+  }
+
+  switch (appConnection.method) {
+    case AzureADCSConnectionMethod.UsernamePassword:
+      const credentials = (await decryptAppConnectionCredentials({
+        orgId: appConnection.orgId,
+        kmsService,
+        encryptedCredentials: appConnection.encryptedCredentials
+      })) as {
+        username: string;
+        password: string;
+        adcsUrl: string;
+        sslRejectUnauthorized?: boolean;
+        sslCertificate?: string;
+      };
+
+      return {
+        username: credentials.username,
+        password: credentials.password,
+        adcsUrl: credentials.adcsUrl,
+        sslRejectUnauthorized: credentials.sslRejectUnauthorized ?? true,
+        sslCertificate: credentials.sslCertificate
+      };
+
+    default:
+      throw new BadRequestError({
+        message: `Unsupported Azure ADCS connection method: ${appConnection.method}`
+      });
+  }
+};
+
+export const validateAzureADCSConnectionCredentials = async (appConnection: TAzureADCSConnectionConfig) => {
+  const { credentials } = appConnection;
+
+  try {
+    // Parse and validate credentials
+    const parsedCredentials = parseCredentials(credentials.username);
+    const normalizedUrl = normalizeAdcsUrl(credentials.adcsUrl);
+
+    // Validate URL to prevent DNS manipulation attacks and SSRF
+    await blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses(normalizedUrl);
+
+    // Test the connection using NTLM
+    await testAdcsConnection(
+      parsedCredentials,
+      credentials.password,
+      normalizedUrl,
+      credentials.sslRejectUnauthorized ?? true,
+      credentials.sslCertificate
+    );
+
+    // If we get here, authentication was successful
+    return {
+      username: credentials.username,
+      password: credentials.password,
+      adcsUrl: credentials.adcsUrl,
+      sslRejectUnauthorized: credentials.sslRejectUnauthorized ?? true,
+      sslCertificate: credentials.sslCertificate
+    };
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error instanceof BadRequestError) {
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    // Handle unexpected errors
+    let errorMessage = "Unable to validate ADCS connection.";
+    if (error instanceof Error) {
+      if (error.message.includes("401") || error.message.includes("Unauthorized")) {
+        errorMessage = "NTLM authentication failed. Please verify your username, password, and domain are correct.";
+      } else if (error.message.includes("ENOTFOUND") || error.message.includes("ECONNREFUSED")) {
+        errorMessage = "Cannot connect to the ADCS server. Please verify the server URL is correct and accessible.";
+      } else if (error.message.includes("timeout")) {
+        errorMessage = "Connection to ADCS server timed out. Please verify the server is accessible.";
+      } else if (
+        error.message.includes("certificate") ||
+        error.message.includes("SSL") ||
+        error.message.includes("TLS") ||
+        error.message.includes("DEPTH_ZERO_SELF_SIGNED_CERT") ||
+        error.message.includes("UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE")
+      ) {
+        errorMessage = `SSL/TLS certificate error: ${error.message}. The server certificate may be self-signed or the CA certificate may be incorrect.`;
+      }
+    }
+
+    throw new BadRequestError({
+      message: `Failed to validate Azure ADCS connection: ${errorMessage} Details: ${
+        error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Unknown error"
+      }`
+    });
+  }
+};
+
+export const getAzureADCSConnectionListItem = () => ({
+  name: "Azure ADCS" as const,
+  app: AppConnection.AzureADCS as const,
+  methods: [AzureADCSConnectionMethod.UsernamePassword] as [AzureADCSConnectionMethod.UsernamePassword]
+});
+
+// Export helper functions for use in certificate ordering
+export const createAdcsHttpClient = (
+  username: string,
+  password: string,
+  baseUrl: string,
+  sslRejectUnauthorized: boolean = true,
+  sslCertificate?: string
+) => {
+  return createNtlmClient(username, password, baseUrl, sslRejectUnauthorized, sslCertificate);
+};

backend/src/services/app-connection/azure-adcs/azure-adcs-connection-schemas.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+import z from "zod";
+
+import { AppConnections } from "@app/lib/api-docs";
+import { AppConnection } from "@app/services/app-connection/app-connection-enums";
+import {
+  BaseAppConnectionSchema,
+  GenericCreateAppConnectionFieldsSchema,
+  GenericUpdateAppConnectionFieldsSchema
+} from "@app/services/app-connection/app-connection-schemas";
+
+import { AzureADCSConnectionMethod } from "./azure-adcs-connection-enums";
+
+export const AzureADCSUsernamePasswordCredentialsSchema = z.object({
+  adcsUrl: z
+    .string()
+    .trim()
+    .min(1, "ADCS URL required")
+    .max(255)
+    .refine((value) => value.startsWith("https://"), "ADCS URL must use HTTPS")
+    .describe(AppConnections.CREDENTIALS.AZURE_ADCS.adcsUrl),
+  username: z
+    .string()
+    .trim()
+    .min(1, "Username required")
+    .max(255)
+    .describe(AppConnections.CREDENTIALS.AZURE_ADCS.username),
+  password: z
+    .string()
+    .trim()
+    .min(1, "Password required")
+    .max(255)
+    .describe(AppConnections.CREDENTIALS.AZURE_ADCS.password),
+  sslRejectUnauthorized: z.boolean().optional().describe(AppConnections.CREDENTIALS.AZURE_ADCS.sslRejectUnauthorized),
+  sslCertificate: z
+    .string()
+    .trim()
+    .transform((value) => value || undefined)
+    .optional()
+    .describe(AppConnections.CREDENTIALS.AZURE_ADCS.sslCertificate)
+});
+
+const BaseAzureADCSConnectionSchema = BaseAppConnectionSchema.extend({ app: z.literal(AppConnection.AzureADCS) });
+
+export const AzureADCSConnectionSchema = BaseAzureADCSConnectionSchema.extend({
+  method: z.literal(AzureADCSConnectionMethod.UsernamePassword),
+  credentials: AzureADCSUsernamePasswordCredentialsSchema
+});
+
+export const SanitizedAzureADCSConnectionSchema = z.discriminatedUnion("method", [
+  BaseAzureADCSConnectionSchema.extend({
+    method: z.literal(AzureADCSConnectionMethod.UsernamePassword),
+    credentials: AzureADCSUsernamePasswordCredentialsSchema.pick({
+      username: true,
+      adcsUrl: true,
+      sslRejectUnauthorized: true,
+      sslCertificate: true
+    })
+  })
+]);
+
+export const ValidateAzureADCSConnectionCredentialsSchema = z.discriminatedUnion("method", [
+  z.object({
+    method: z
+      .literal(AzureADCSConnectionMethod.UsernamePassword)
+      .describe(AppConnections.CREATE(AppConnection.AzureADCS).method),
+    credentials: AzureADCSUsernamePasswordCredentialsSchema.describe(
+      AppConnections.CREATE(AppConnection.AzureADCS).credentials
+    )
+  })
+]);
+
+export const CreateAzureADCSConnectionSchema = ValidateAzureADCSConnectionCredentialsSchema.and(
+  GenericCreateAppConnectionFieldsSchema(AppConnection.AzureADCS)
+);
+
+export const UpdateAzureADCSConnectionSchema = z
+  .object({
+    credentials: AzureADCSUsernamePasswordCredentialsSchema.optional().describe(
+      AppConnections.UPDATE(AppConnection.AzureADCS).credentials
+    )
+  })
+  .and(GenericUpdateAppConnectionFieldsSchema(AppConnection.AzureADCS));
+
+export const AzureADCSConnectionListItemSchema = z.object({
+  name: z.literal("Azure ADCS"),
+  app: z.literal(AppConnection.AzureADCS),
+  methods: z.nativeEnum(AzureADCSConnectionMethod).array()
+});

backend/src/services/app-connection/azure-adcs/azure-adcs-connection-types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import z from "zod";
+
+import { DiscriminativePick } from "@app/lib/types";
+
+import { AppConnection } from "../app-connection-enums";
+import {
+  AzureADCSConnectionSchema,
+  CreateAzureADCSConnectionSchema,
+  ValidateAzureADCSConnectionCredentialsSchema
+} from "./azure-adcs-connection-schemas";
+
+export type TAzureADCSConnection = z.infer<typeof AzureADCSConnectionSchema>;
+
+export type TAzureADCSConnectionInput = z.infer<typeof CreateAzureADCSConnectionSchema> & {
+  app: AppConnection.AzureADCS;
+};
+
+export type TValidateAzureADCSConnectionCredentialsSchema = typeof ValidateAzureADCSConnectionCredentialsSchema;
+
+export type TAzureADCSConnectionConfig = DiscriminativePick<
+  TAzureADCSConnectionInput,
+  "method" | "app" | "credentials"
+>;

backend/src/services/app-connection/azure-adcs/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+export * from "./azure-adcs-connection-enums";
+export * from "./azure-adcs-connection-fns";
+export * from "./azure-adcs-connection-schemas";
+export * from "./azure-adcs-connection-types";

backend/src/services/app-connection/azure-app-configuration/azure-app-configuration-connection-fns.ts

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export const validateAzureAppConfigurationConnectionCredentials = async (
           tokenError = e;
         } else {
           throw new BadRequestError({
-            message: `Unable to validate connection: verify credentials`
+            message: "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
           });
         }
       }

backend/src/services/app-connection/azure-client-secrets/azure-client-secrets-connection-fns.ts

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ export const validateAzureClientSecretsConnectionCredentials = async (config: TA
           tokenError = e;
         } else {
           throw new BadRequestError({
-            message: `Unable to validate connection: verify credentials`
+            message: "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
           });
         }
       }

backend/src/services/app-connection/azure-devops/azure-devops-fns.ts

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ export const validateAzureDevOpsConnectionCredentials = async (config: TAzureDev
           tokenError = e;
         } else {
           throw new BadRequestError({
-            message: `Unable to validate connection: verify credentials`
+            message: "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
           });
         }
       }

backend/src/services/app-connection/azure-key-vault/azure-key-vault-connection-fns.ts

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ export const validateAzureKeyVaultConnectionCredentials = async (config: TAzureK
           tokenError = e;
         } else {
           throw new BadRequestError({
-            message: `Unable to validate connection: verify credentials`
+            message: "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
           });
         }
       }

backend/src/services/app-connection/camunda/camunda-connection-fns.ts

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export const validateCamundaConnectionCredentials = async (appConnection: TCamun
     };
   } catch (e: unknown) {
     throw new BadRequestError({
-      message: `Unable to validate connection: verify credentials`
+      message: "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
     });
   }
 };

backend/src/services/app-connection/checkly/checkly-connection-public-client.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { AxiosInstance, AxiosRequestConfig, AxiosResponse, HttpStatusCode, isAxi
 
 import { createRequestClient } from "@app/lib/config/request";
 import { IntegrationUrls } from "@app/services/integration-auth/integration-list";
+import { SecretSyncError } from "@app/services/secret-sync/secret-sync-errors";
 
 import { ChecklyConnectionMethod } from "./checkly-connection-constants";
 import { TChecklyAccount, TChecklyConnectionConfig, TChecklyVariable } from "./checkly-connection-types";
@@ -181,6 +182,122 @@ class ChecklyPublicClient {
 
     return res;
   }
+
+  async getCheckGroups(connection: TChecklyConnectionConfig, accountId: string, limit = 50, page = 1) {
+    const res = await this.send<{ id: number; name: string }[]>(connection, {
+      accountId,
+      method: "GET",
+      url: `/v1/check-groups`,
+      params: { limit, page }
+    });
+
+    return res?.map((group) => ({
+      id: group.id.toString(),
+      name: group.name
+    }));
+  }
+
+  async getCheckGroup(connection: TChecklyConnectionConfig, accountId: string, groupId: string) {
+    try {
+      type ChecklyGroupResponse = {
+        id: number;
+        name: string;
+        environmentVariables: Array<{
+          key: string;
+          value: string;
+          locked: boolean;
+        }>;
+      };
+
+      const res = await this.send<ChecklyGroupResponse>(connection, {
+        accountId,
+        method: "GET",
+        url: `/v1/check-groups/${groupId}`
+      });
+
+      if (!res) return null;
+
+      return {
+        id: res.id.toString(),
+        name: res.name,
+        environmentVariables: res.environmentVariables
+      };
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (isAxiosError(error) && error.response?.status === HttpStatusCode.NotFound) {
+        return null;
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+  }
+
+  async updateCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(
+    connection: TChecklyConnectionConfig,
+    accountId: string,
+    groupId: string,
+    environmentVariables: Array<{ key: string; value: string; locked?: boolean }>
+  ) {
+    if (environmentVariables.length > 50) {
+      throw new SecretSyncError({
+        message: "Checkly does not support syncing more than 50 variables to Check Group",
+        shouldRetry: false
+      });
+    }
+
+    const apiVariables = environmentVariables.map((v) => ({
+      key: v.key,
+      value: v.value,
+      locked: v.locked ?? false,
+      secret: true
+    }));
+
+    const group = await this.getCheckGroup(connection, accountId, groupId);
+
+    await this.send(connection, {
+      accountId,
+      method: "PUT",
+      url: `/v2/check-groups/${groupId}`,
+      data: { name: group?.name, environmentVariables: apiVariables }
+    });
+
+    return this.getCheckGroup(connection, accountId, groupId);
+  }
+
+  async getCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(connection: TChecklyConnectionConfig, accountId: string, groupId: string) {
+    const group = await this.getCheckGroup(connection, accountId, groupId);
+    return group?.environmentVariables || [];
+  }
+
+  async upsertCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(
+    connection: TChecklyConnectionConfig,
+    accountId: string,
+    groupId: string,
+    variables: Array<{ key: string; value: string; locked?: boolean }>
+  ) {
+    const existingVars = await this.getCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(connection, accountId, groupId);
+    const varMap = new Map(existingVars.map((v) => [v.key, v]));
+
+    for (const newVar of variables) {
+      varMap.set(newVar.key, {
+        key: newVar.key,
+        value: newVar.value,
+        locked: newVar.locked ?? false
+      });
+    }
+
+    return this.updateCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(connection, accountId, groupId, Array.from(varMap.values()));
+  }
+
+  async deleteCheckGroupEnvironmentVariable(
+    connection: TChecklyConnectionConfig,
+    accountId: string,
+    groupId: string,
+    variableKey: string
+  ) {
+    const existingVars = await this.getCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(connection, accountId, groupId);
+    const filteredVars = existingVars.filter((v) => v.key !== variableKey);
+
+    return this.updateCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(connection, accountId, groupId, filteredVars);
+  }
 }
 
 export const ChecklyPublicAPI = new ChecklyPublicClient();

backend/src/services/app-connection/checkly/checkly-connection-service.ts

@@ -24,7 +24,19 @@ export const checklyConnectionService = (getAppConnection: TGetAppConnectionFunc
     }
   };
 
+  const listGroups = async (connectionId: string, accountId: string, actor: OrgServiceActor) => {
+    const appConnection = await getAppConnection(AppConnection.Checkly, connectionId, actor);
+    try {
+      const groups = await ChecklyPublicAPI.getCheckGroups(appConnection, accountId);
+      return groups!;
+    } catch (error) {
+      logger.error(error, "Failed to list accounts on Checkly");
+      return [];
+    }
+  };
+
   return {
-    listAccounts
+    listAccounts,
+    listGroups
   };
 };

backend/src/services/app-connection/checkly/checkly-connection-types.ts

@@ -33,3 +33,15 @@ export type TChecklyAccount = {
   name: string;
   runtimeId: string;
 };
+
+export type TChecklyGroupEnvironmentVariable = {
+  key: string;
+  value: string;
+  locked: boolean;
+};
+
+export type TChecklyGroup = {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  environmentVariables?: TChecklyGroupEnvironmentVariable[];
+};

backend/src/services/app-connection/databricks/databricks-connection-fns.ts

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export const validateDatabricksConnectionCredentials = async (appConnection: TDa
     };
   } catch (e: unknown) {
     throw new BadRequestError({
-      message: `Unable to validate connection: verify credentials`
+      message: "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
     });
   }
 };

backend/src/services/app-connection/github-radar/github-radar-connection-fns.ts

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ export const validateGitHubRadarConnectionCredentials = async (config: TGitHubRa
     }
 
     throw new BadRequestError({
-      message: `Unable to validate connection: verify credentials`
+      message: "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
     });
   }
 

backend/src/services/app-connection/github/github-connection-fns.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import { createAppAuth } from "@octokit/auth-app";
-import { request } from "@octokit/request";
 import { AxiosError, AxiosRequestConfig, AxiosResponse } from "axios";
 import https from "https";
 import RE2 from "re2";
@@ -9,6 +7,7 @@ import { TGatewayServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/gateway/gateway-service
 import { TGatewayV2ServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/gateway-v2/gateway-v2-service";
 import { getConfig } from "@app/lib/config/env";
 import { request as httpRequest } from "@app/lib/config/request";
+import { crypto } from "@app/lib/crypto";
 import { BadRequestError, ForbiddenRequestError, InternalServerError } from "@app/lib/errors";
 import { GatewayProxyProtocol, withGatewayProxy } from "@app/lib/gateway";
 import { withGatewayV2Proxy } from "@app/lib/gateway-v2/gateway-v2";
@@ -163,10 +162,13 @@ export const requestWithGitHubGateway = async <T>(
   );
 };
 
-export const getGitHubAppAuthToken = async (appConnection: TGitHubConnection) => {
+export const getGitHubAppAuthToken = async (
+  appConnection: TGitHubConnection,
+  gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+) => {
   const appCfg = getConfig();
   const appId = appCfg.INF_APP_CONNECTION_GITHUB_APP_ID;
-  const appPrivateKey = appCfg.INF_APP_CONNECTION_GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY;
+  let appPrivateKey = appCfg.INF_APP_CONNECTION_GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY;
 
   if (!appId || !appPrivateKey) {
     throw new InternalServerError({
@@ -174,21 +176,42 @@ export const getGitHubAppAuthToken = async (appConnection: TGitHubConnection) =>
     });
   }
 
+  appPrivateKey = appPrivateKey
+    .split("\n")
+    .map((line) => line.trim())
+    .join("\n");
+
   if (appConnection.method !== GitHubConnectionMethod.App) {
     throw new InternalServerError({ message: "Cannot generate GitHub App token for non-app connection" });
   }
 
-  const appAuth = createAppAuth({
-    appId,
-    privateKey: appPrivateKey,
-    installationId: appConnection.credentials.installationId,
-    request: request.defaults({
-      baseUrl: `https://${await getGitHubInstanceApiUrl(appConnection)}`
-    })
-  });
+  const now = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);
+  const payload = {
+    iat: now,
+    exp: now + 5 * 60,
+    iss: appId
+  };
 
-  const { token } = await appAuth({ type: "installation" });
-  return token;
+  const appJwt = crypto.jwt().sign(payload, appPrivateKey, { algorithm: "RS256" });
+
+  const apiBaseUrl = await getGitHubInstanceApiUrl(appConnection);
+  const { installationId } = appConnection.credentials;
+
+  const response = await requestWithGitHubGateway<{ token: string; expires_at: string }>(
+    appConnection,
+    gatewayService,
+    {
+      url: `https://${apiBaseUrl}/app/installations/${installationId}/access_tokens`,
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: {
+        Accept: "application/vnd.github+json",
+        Authorization: `Bearer ${appJwt}`,
+        "X-GitHub-Api-Version": "2022-11-28"
+      }
+    }
+  );
+
+  return response.data.token;
 };
 
 const parseGitHubLinkHeader = (linkHeader: string | undefined): Record<string, string> => {
@@ -224,7 +247,9 @@ export const makePaginatedGitHubRequest = async <T, R = T[]>(
   const { credentials, method } = appConnection;
 
   const token =
-    method === GitHubConnectionMethod.OAuth ? credentials.accessToken : await getGitHubAppAuthToken(appConnection);
+    method === GitHubConnectionMethod.OAuth
+      ? credentials.accessToken
+      : await getGitHubAppAuthToken(appConnection, gatewayService);
 
   const baseUrl = `https://${await getGitHubInstanceApiUrl(appConnection)}${path}`;
   const initialUrlObj = new URL(baseUrl);
@@ -494,7 +519,7 @@ export const validateGitHubConnectionCredentials = async (
     }
 
     throw new BadRequestError({
-      message: `Unable to validate connection: verify credentials`
+      message: "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
     });
   }
 

backend/src/services/app-connection/hc-vault/hc-vault-connection-fns.ts

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
-import { AxiosError } from "axios";
+import { AxiosError, AxiosRequestConfig, AxiosResponse } from "axios";
+import https from "https";
 
+import { verifyHostInputValidity } from "@app/ee/services/dynamic-secret/dynamic-secret-fns";
+import { TGatewayServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/gateway/gateway-service";
 import { request } from "@app/lib/config/request";
 import { BadRequestError } from "@app/lib/errors";
 import { removeTrailingSlash } from "@app/lib/fn";
+import { GatewayProxyProtocol, withGatewayProxy } from "@app/lib/gateway";
+import { logger } from "@app/lib/logger";
 import { blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses } from "@app/lib/validator";
 import { AppConnection } from "@app/services/app-connection/app-connection-enums";
 
 import { HCVaultConnectionMethod } from "./hc-vault-connection-enums";
-import {
-  THCVaultConnection,
-  THCVaultConnectionConfig,
-  THCVaultMountResponse,
-  TValidateHCVaultConnectionCredentials
-} from "./hc-vault-connection-types";
+import { THCVaultConnection, THCVaultConnectionConfig, THCVaultMountResponse } from "./hc-vault-connection-types";
 
 export const getHCVaultInstanceUrl = async (config: THCVaultConnectionConfig) => {
   const instanceUrl = removeTrailingSlash(config.credentials.instanceUrl);
@@ -37,7 +37,78 @@ type TokenRespData = {
   };
 };
 
-export const getHCVaultAccessToken = async (connection: TValidateHCVaultConnectionCredentials) => {
+export const requestWithHCVaultGateway = async <T>(
+  appConnection: { gatewayId?: string | null },
+  gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">,
+  requestConfig: AxiosRequestConfig
+): Promise<AxiosResponse<T>> => {
+  const { gatewayId } = appConnection;
+
+  // If gateway isn't set up, don't proxy request
+  if (!gatewayId) {
+    return request.request(requestConfig);
+  }
+
+  const url = new URL(requestConfig.url as string);
+
+  await blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses(url.toString());
+
+  const [targetHost] = await verifyHostInputValidity(url.hostname, true);
+  const relayDetails = await gatewayService.fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId(gatewayId);
+  const [relayHost, relayPort] = relayDetails.relayAddress.split(":");
+
+  return withGatewayProxy(
+    async (proxyPort) => {
+      const httpsAgent = new https.Agent({
+        servername: targetHost
+      });
+
+      url.protocol = "https:";
+      url.host = `localhost:${proxyPort}`;
+
+      const finalRequestConfig: AxiosRequestConfig = {
+        ...requestConfig,
+        url: url.toString(),
+        httpsAgent,
+        headers: {
+          ...requestConfig.headers,
+          Host: targetHost
+        }
+      };
+
+      try {
+        return await request.request(finalRequestConfig);
+      } catch (error) {
+        if (error instanceof AxiosError) {
+          logger.error(
+            { message: error.message, data: (error.response as undefined | { data: unknown })?.data },
+            "Error during HashiCorp Vault gateway request:"
+          );
+        }
+        throw error;
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      protocol: GatewayProxyProtocol.Tcp,
+      targetHost,
+      targetPort: url.port ? Number(url.port) : 8200, // 8200 is the default port for Vault self-hosted/dedicated
+      relayHost,
+      relayPort: Number(relayPort),
+      identityId: relayDetails.identityId,
+      orgId: relayDetails.orgId,
+      tlsOptions: {
+        ca: relayDetails.certChain,
+        cert: relayDetails.certificate,
+        key: relayDetails.privateKey.toString()
+      }
+    }
+  );
+};
+
+export const getHCVaultAccessToken = async (
+  connection: THCVaultConnection,
+  gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+) => {
   // Return access token directly if not using AppRole method
   if (connection.method !== HCVaultConnectionMethod.AppRole) {
     return connection.credentials.accessToken;
@@ -46,16 +117,16 @@ export const getHCVaultAccessToken = async (connection: TValidateHCVaultConnecti
   // Generate temporary token for AppRole method
   try {
     const { instanceUrl, roleId, secretId } = connection.credentials;
-    const tokenResp = await request.post<TokenRespData>(
-      `${removeTrailingSlash(instanceUrl)}/v1/auth/approle/login`,
-      { role_id: roleId, secret_id: secretId },
-      {
-        headers: {
-          "Content-Type": "application/json",
-          ...(connection.credentials.namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": connection.credentials.namespace } : {})
-        }
-      }
-    );
+
+    const tokenResp = await requestWithHCVaultGateway<TokenRespData>(connection, gatewayService, {
+      url: `${removeTrailingSlash(instanceUrl)}/v1/auth/approle/login`,
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: {
+        "Content-Type": "application/json",
+        ...(connection.credentials.namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": connection.credentials.namespace } : {})
+      },
+      data: { role_id: roleId, secret_id: secretId }
+    });
 
     if (tokenResp.status !== 200) {
       throw new BadRequestError({
@@ -71,38 +142,55 @@ export const getHCVaultAccessToken = async (connection: TValidateHCVaultConnecti
   }
 };
 
-export const validateHCVaultConnectionCredentials = async (config: THCVaultConnectionConfig) => {
-  const instanceUrl = await getHCVaultInstanceUrl(config);
+export const validateHCVaultConnectionCredentials = async (
+  connection: THCVaultConnection,
+  gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+) => {
+  const instanceUrl = await getHCVaultInstanceUrl(connection);
 
   try {
-    const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(config);
+    const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(connection, gatewayService);
 
     // Verify token
-    await request.get(`${instanceUrl}/v1/auth/token/lookup-self`, {
+    await requestWithHCVaultGateway(connection, gatewayService, {
+      url: `${instanceUrl}/v1/auth/token/lookup-self`,
+      method: "GET",
       headers: { "X-Vault-Token": accessToken }
     });
 
-    return config.credentials;
+    return connection.credentials;
   } catch (error: unknown) {
+    logger.error(error, "Unable to verify HC Vault connection");
+
     if (error instanceof AxiosError) {
       throw new BadRequestError({
         message: `Failed to validate credentials: ${error.message || "Unknown error"}`
       });
     }
+
+    if (error instanceof BadRequestError) {
+      throw error;
+    }
+
     throw new BadRequestError({
       message: "Unable to validate connection: verify credentials"
     });
   }
 };
 
-export const listHCVaultMounts = async (appConnection: THCVaultConnection) => {
-  const instanceUrl = await getHCVaultInstanceUrl(appConnection);
-  const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(appConnection);
+export const listHCVaultMounts = async (
+  connection: THCVaultConnection,
+  gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+) => {
+  const instanceUrl = await getHCVaultInstanceUrl(connection);
+  const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(connection, gatewayService);
 
-  const { data } = await request.get<THCVaultMountResponse>(`${instanceUrl}/v1/sys/mounts`, {
+  const { data } = await requestWithHCVaultGateway<THCVaultMountResponse>(connection, gatewayService, {
+    url: `${instanceUrl}/v1/sys/mounts`,
+    method: "GET",
     headers: {
       "X-Vault-Token": accessToken,
-      ...(appConnection.credentials.namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": appConnection.credentials.namespace } : {})
+      ...(connection.credentials.namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": connection.credentials.namespace } : {})
     }
   });
 

backend/src/services/app-connection/hc-vault/hc-vault-connection-schemas.ts

@@ -55,11 +55,18 @@ export const HCVaultConnectionSchema = z.intersection(
 export const SanitizedHCVaultConnectionSchema = z.discriminatedUnion("method", [
   BaseHCVaultConnectionSchema.extend({
     method: z.literal(HCVaultConnectionMethod.AccessToken),
-    credentials: HCVaultConnectionAccessTokenCredentialsSchema.pick({})
+    credentials: HCVaultConnectionAccessTokenCredentialsSchema.pick({
+      namespace: true,
+      instanceUrl: true
+    })
   }),
   BaseHCVaultConnectionSchema.extend({
     method: z.literal(HCVaultConnectionMethod.AppRole),
-    credentials: HCVaultConnectionAppRoleCredentialsSchema.pick({})
+    credentials: HCVaultConnectionAppRoleCredentialsSchema.pick({
+      namespace: true,
+      instanceUrl: true,
+      roleId: true
+    })
   })
 ]);
 
@@ -81,7 +88,7 @@ export const ValidateHCVaultConnectionCredentialsSchema = z.discriminatedUnion("
 ]);
 
 export const CreateHCVaultConnectionSchema = ValidateHCVaultConnectionCredentialsSchema.and(
-  GenericCreateAppConnectionFieldsSchema(AppConnection.HCVault)
+  GenericCreateAppConnectionFieldsSchema(AppConnection.HCVault, { supportsGateways: true })
 );
 
 export const UpdateHCVaultConnectionSchema = z
@@ -91,7 +98,7 @@ export const UpdateHCVaultConnectionSchema = z
       .optional()
       .describe(AppConnections.UPDATE(AppConnection.HCVault).credentials)
   })
-  .and(GenericUpdateAppConnectionFieldsSchema(AppConnection.HCVault));
+  .and(GenericUpdateAppConnectionFieldsSchema(AppConnection.HCVault, { supportsGateways: true }));
 
 export const HCVaultConnectionListItemSchema = z.object({
   name: z.literal("HCVault"),

backend/src/services/app-connection/hc-vault/hc-vault-connection-service.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { TGatewayServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/gateway/gateway-service";
 import { logger } from "@app/lib/logger";
 import { OrgServiceActor } from "@app/lib/types";
 
@@ -11,12 +12,15 @@ type TGetAppConnectionFunc = (
   actor: OrgServiceActor
 ) => Promise<THCVaultConnection>;
 
-export const hcVaultConnectionService = (getAppConnection: TGetAppConnectionFunc) => {
+export const hcVaultConnectionService = (
+  getAppConnection: TGetAppConnectionFunc,
+  gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+) => {
   const listMounts = async (connectionId: string, actor: OrgServiceActor) => {
     const appConnection = await getAppConnection(AppConnection.HCVault, connectionId, actor);
 
     try {
-      const mounts = await listHCVaultMounts(appConnection);
+      const mounts = await listHCVaultMounts(appConnection, gatewayService);
       return mounts;
     } catch (error) {
       logger.error(error, "Failed to establish connection with Hashicorp Vault");

backend/src/services/auth-token/auth-token-service.ts

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export const getTokenConfig = (tokenType: TokenType) => {
 };
 
 export const tokenServiceFactory = ({ tokenDAL, userDAL, orgMembershipDAL }: TAuthTokenServiceFactoryDep) => {
-  const createTokenForUser = async ({ type, userId, orgId }: TCreateTokenForUserDTO) => {
+  const createTokenForUser = async ({ type, userId, orgId, aliasId }: TCreateTokenForUserDTO) => {
     const { token, ...tkCfg } = getTokenConfig(type);
     const appCfg = getConfig();
     const tokenHash = await crypto.hashing().createHash(token, appCfg.SALT_ROUNDS);
@@ -88,7 +88,8 @@ export const tokenServiceFactory = ({ tokenDAL, userDAL, orgMembershipDAL }: TAu
           type,
           userId,
           orgId,
-          triesLeft: tkCfg?.triesLeft
+          triesLeft: tkCfg?.triesLeft,
+          aliasId
         },
         tx
       );

backend/src/services/auth-token/auth-token-types.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ export type TCreateTokenForUserDTO = {
   type: TokenType;
   userId: string;
   orgId?: string;
+  aliasId?: string;
 };
 
 export type TCreateOrgInviteTokenDTO = {

backend/src/services/auth/auth-login-service.ts

@@ -459,6 +459,18 @@ export const authLoginServiceFactory = ({
       });
     }
 
+    // Check if authEnforced is true and the current auth method is not an enforced method
+    if (
+      selectedOrg.authEnforced &&
+      !isAuthMethodSaml(decodedToken.authMethod) &&
+      decodedToken.authMethod !== AuthMethod.OIDC &&
+      !(selectedOrg.bypassOrgAuthEnabled && selectedOrgMembership.userRole === OrgMembershipRole.Admin)
+    ) {
+      throw new BadRequestError({
+        message: "Login with the auth method required by your organization."
+      });
+    }
+
     if (selectedOrg.googleSsoAuthEnforced && decodedToken.authMethod !== AuthMethod.GOOGLE) {
       const canBypass = selectedOrg.bypassOrgAuthEnabled && selectedOrgMembership.userRole === OrgMembershipRole.Admin;
 

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/acme/acme-certificate-authority-fns.ts

@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ type DBConfigurationColumn = {
   directoryUrl: string;
   accountEmail: string;
   hostedZoneId: string;
+  eabKid?: string;
+  eabHmacKey?: string;
 };
 
 export const castDbEntryToAcmeCertificateAuthority = (
@@ -89,7 +91,9 @@ export const castDbEntryToAcmeCertificateAuthority = (
         hostedZoneId: dbConfigurationCol.hostedZoneId
       },
       directoryUrl: dbConfigurationCol.directoryUrl,
-      accountEmail: dbConfigurationCol.accountEmail
+      accountEmail: dbConfigurationCol.accountEmail,
+      eabKid: dbConfigurationCol.eabKid,
+      eabHmacKey: dbConfigurationCol.eabHmacKey
     },
     status: ca.status as CaStatus
   };
@@ -128,7 +132,7 @@ export const AcmeCertificateAuthorityFns = ({
       });
     }
 
-    const { dnsAppConnectionId, directoryUrl, accountEmail, dnsProviderConfig } = configuration;
+    const { dnsAppConnectionId, directoryUrl, accountEmail, dnsProviderConfig, eabKid, eabHmacKey } = configuration;
     const appConnection = await appConnectionDAL.findById(dnsAppConnectionId);
 
     if (!appConnection) {
@@ -171,7 +175,9 @@ export const AcmeCertificateAuthorityFns = ({
               directoryUrl,
               accountEmail,
               dnsProvider: dnsProviderConfig.provider,
-              hostedZoneId: dnsProviderConfig.hostedZoneId
+              hostedZoneId: dnsProviderConfig.hostedZoneId,
+              eabKid,
+              eabHmacKey
             }
           },
           tx
@@ -214,7 +220,7 @@ export const AcmeCertificateAuthorityFns = ({
   }) => {
     const updatedCa = await certificateAuthorityDAL.transaction(async (tx) => {
       if (configuration) {
-        const { dnsAppConnectionId, directoryUrl, accountEmail, dnsProviderConfig } = configuration;
+        const { dnsAppConnectionId, directoryUrl, accountEmail, dnsProviderConfig, eabKid, eabHmacKey } = configuration;
         const appConnection = await appConnectionDAL.findById(dnsAppConnectionId);
 
         if (!appConnection) {
@@ -254,7 +260,9 @@ export const AcmeCertificateAuthorityFns = ({
               directoryUrl,
               accountEmail,
               dnsProvider: dnsProviderConfig.provider,
-              hostedZoneId: dnsProviderConfig.hostedZoneId
+              hostedZoneId: dnsProviderConfig.hostedZoneId,
+              eabKid,
+              eabHmacKey
             }
           },
           tx
@@ -354,10 +362,19 @@ export const AcmeCertificateAuthorityFns = ({
 
     await blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses(acmeCa.configuration.directoryUrl);
 
-    const acmeClient = new acme.Client({
+    const acmeClientOptions: acme.ClientOptions = {
       directoryUrl: acmeCa.configuration.directoryUrl,
       accountKey
-    });
+    };
+
+    if (acmeCa.configuration.eabKid && acmeCa.configuration.eabHmacKey) {
+      acmeClientOptions.externalAccountBinding = {
+        kid: acmeCa.configuration.eabKid,
+        hmacKey: acmeCa.configuration.eabHmacKey
+      };
+    }
+
+    const acmeClient = new acme.Client(acmeClientOptions);
 
     const alg = keyAlgorithmToAlgCfg(CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048);
 

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/acme/acme-certificate-authority-schemas.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ export const AcmeCertificateAuthorityConfigurationSchema = z.object({
     hostedZoneId: z.string().trim().min(1).describe(CertificateAuthorities.CONFIGURATIONS.ACME.hostedZoneId)
   }),
   directoryUrl: z.string().url().trim().min(1).describe(CertificateAuthorities.CONFIGURATIONS.ACME.directoryUrl),
-  accountEmail: z.string().trim().min(1).describe(CertificateAuthorities.CONFIGURATIONS.ACME.accountEmail)
+  accountEmail: z.string().trim().min(1).describe(CertificateAuthorities.CONFIGURATIONS.ACME.accountEmail),
+  eabKid: z.string().trim().max(64).optional().describe(CertificateAuthorities.CONFIGURATIONS.ACME.eabKid),
+  eabHmacKey: z.string().trim().max(512).optional().describe(CertificateAuthorities.CONFIGURATIONS.ACME.eabHmacKey)
 });
 
 export const AcmeCertificateAuthorityCredentialsSchema = z.object({

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/azure-ad-cs/azure-ad-cs-certificate-authority-schemas.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { CaType } from "../certificate-authority-enums";
+import {
+  BaseCertificateAuthoritySchema,
+  GenericCreateCertificateAuthorityFieldsSchema,
+  GenericUpdateCertificateAuthorityFieldsSchema
+} from "../certificate-authority-schemas";
+
+export const AzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityConfigurationSchema = z.object({
+  azureAdcsConnectionId: z.string().uuid().trim().describe("Azure ADCS Connection ID")
+});
+
+export const AzureAdCsCertificateAuthoritySchema = BaseCertificateAuthoritySchema.extend({
+  type: z.literal(CaType.AZURE_AD_CS),
+  configuration: AzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityConfigurationSchema
+});
+
+export const CreateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthoritySchema = GenericCreateCertificateAuthorityFieldsSchema(
+  CaType.AZURE_AD_CS
+).extend({
+  configuration: AzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityConfigurationSchema
+});
+
+export const UpdateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthoritySchema = GenericUpdateCertificateAuthorityFieldsSchema(
+  CaType.AZURE_AD_CS
+).extend({
+  configuration: AzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityConfigurationSchema.optional()
+});

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/azure-ad-cs/azure-ad-cs-certificate-authority-types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import {
+  AzureAdCsCertificateAuthoritySchema,
+  CreateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthoritySchema,
+  UpdateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthoritySchema
+} from "./azure-ad-cs-certificate-authority-schemas";
+
+export type TAzureAdCsCertificateAuthority = z.infer<typeof AzureAdCsCertificateAuthoritySchema>;
+
+export type TCreateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityDTO = z.infer<typeof CreateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthoritySchema>;
+
+export type TUpdateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityDTO = z.infer<typeof UpdateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthoritySchema>;

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-enums.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 export enum CaType {
   INTERNAL = "internal",
-  ACME = "acme"
+  ACME = "acme",
+  AZURE_AD_CS = "azure-ad-cs"
 }
 
 export enum InternalCaType {
@@ -17,3 +18,9 @@ export enum CaStatus {
 export enum CaRenewalType {
   EXISTING = "existing"
 }
+
+export enum CaCapability {
+  ISSUE_CERTIFICATES = "issue-certificates",
+  REVOKE_CERTIFICATES = "revoke-certificates",
+  RENEW_CERTIFICATES = "renew-certificates"
+}

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-maps.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,29 @@
-import { CaType } from "./certificate-authority-enums";
+import { CaCapability, CaType } from "./certificate-authority-enums";
 
 export const CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES_TYPE_MAP: Record<CaType, string> = {
   [CaType.INTERNAL]: "Internal",
-  [CaType.ACME]: "ACME"
+  [CaType.ACME]: "ACME",
+  [CaType.AZURE_AD_CS]: "Azure AD Certificate Service"
+};
+
+export const CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES_CAPABILITIES_MAP: Record<CaType, CaCapability[]> = {
+  [CaType.INTERNAL]: [
+    CaCapability.ISSUE_CERTIFICATES,
+    CaCapability.REVOKE_CERTIFICATES,
+    CaCapability.RENEW_CERTIFICATES
+  ],
+  [CaType.ACME]: [CaCapability.ISSUE_CERTIFICATES, CaCapability.REVOKE_CERTIFICATES, CaCapability.RENEW_CERTIFICATES],
+  [CaType.AZURE_AD_CS]: [
+    CaCapability.ISSUE_CERTIFICATES,
+    CaCapability.RENEW_CERTIFICATES
+    // Note: REVOKE_CERTIFICATES intentionally omitted - not supported by ADCS connector
+  ]
+};
+
+/**
+ * Check if a certificate authority type supports a specific capability
+ */
+export const caSupportsCapability = (caType: CaType, capability: CaCapability): boolean => {
+  const capabilities = CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES_CAPABILITIES_MAP[caType] || [];
+  return capabilities.includes(capability);
 };

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-queue.ts

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import { TCertificateSecretDALFactory } from "../certificate/certificate-secret-
 import { TPkiSubscriberDALFactory } from "../pki-subscriber/pki-subscriber-dal";
 import { SubscriberOperationStatus } from "../pki-subscriber/pki-subscriber-types";
 import { AcmeCertificateAuthorityFns } from "./acme/acme-certificate-authority-fns";
+import { AzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityFns } from "./azure-ad-cs/azure-ad-cs-certificate-authority-fns";
 import { TCertificateAuthorityDALFactory } from "./certificate-authority-dal";
 import { CaType } from "./certificate-authority-enums";
 import { keyAlgorithmToAlgCfg } from "./certificate-authority-fns";
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ import {
 
 type TCertificateAuthorityQueueFactoryDep = {
   certificateAuthorityDAL: TCertificateAuthorityDALFactory;
-  appConnectionDAL: Pick<TAppConnectionDALFactory, "findById" | "update">;
+  appConnectionDAL: Pick<TAppConnectionDALFactory, "findById" | "update" | "updateById">;
   appConnectionService: Pick<TAppConnectionServiceFactory, "connectAppConnectionById">;
   externalCertificateAuthorityDAL: Pick<TExternalCertificateAuthorityDALFactory, "create" | "update">;
   keyStore: Pick<TKeyStoreFactory, "acquireLock" | "setItemWithExpiry" | "getItem">;
@@ -82,6 +83,19 @@ export const certificateAuthorityQueueFactory = ({
     projectDAL
   });
 
+  const azureAdCsFns = AzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityFns({
+    appConnectionDAL,
+    appConnectionService,
+    certificateAuthorityDAL,
+    externalCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+    certificateDAL,
+    certificateBodyDAL,
+    certificateSecretDAL,
+    kmsService,
+    pkiSubscriberDAL,
+    projectDAL
+  });
+
   // TODO 1: auto-periodic rotation
   // TODO 2: manual rotation
 
@@ -158,6 +172,13 @@ export const certificateAuthorityQueueFactory = ({
             lastOperationMessage: "Certificate ordered successfully",
             lastOperationAt: new Date()
           });
+        } else if (caType === CaType.AZURE_AD_CS) {
+          await azureAdCsFns.orderSubscriberCertificate(subscriberId);
+          await pkiSubscriberDAL.updateById(subscriberId, {
+            lastOperationStatus: SubscriberOperationStatus.SUCCESS,
+            lastOperationMessage: "Certificate ordered successfully",
+            lastOperationAt: new Date()
+          });
         }
       } catch (e: unknown) {
         if (e instanceof Error) {

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-service.ts

@@ -22,6 +22,14 @@ import {
   TCreateAcmeCertificateAuthorityDTO,
   TUpdateAcmeCertificateAuthorityDTO
 } from "./acme/acme-certificate-authority-types";
+import {
+  AzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityFns,
+  castDbEntryToAzureAdCsCertificateAuthority
+} from "./azure-ad-cs/azure-ad-cs-certificate-authority-fns";
+import {
+  TCreateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityDTO,
+  TUpdateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityDTO
+} from "./azure-ad-cs/azure-ad-cs-certificate-authority-types";
 import { TCertificateAuthorityDALFactory } from "./certificate-authority-dal";
 import { CaType } from "./certificate-authority-enums";
 import {
@@ -34,7 +42,7 @@ import { TInternalCertificateAuthorityServiceFactory } from "./internal/internal
 import { TCreateInternalCertificateAuthorityDTO } from "./internal/internal-certificate-authority-types";
 
 type TCertificateAuthorityServiceFactoryDep = {
-  appConnectionDAL: Pick<TAppConnectionDALFactory, "findById" | "update">;
+  appConnectionDAL: Pick<TAppConnectionDALFactory, "findById" | "update" | "updateById">;
   appConnectionService: Pick<TAppConnectionServiceFactory, "connectAppConnectionById">;
   certificateAuthorityDAL: Pick<
     TCertificateAuthorityDALFactory,
@@ -91,6 +99,19 @@ export const certificateAuthorityServiceFactory = ({
     projectDAL
   });
 
+  const azureAdCsFns = AzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityFns({
+    appConnectionDAL,
+    appConnectionService,
+    certificateAuthorityDAL,
+    externalCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+    certificateDAL,
+    certificateBodyDAL,
+    certificateSecretDAL,
+    kmsService,
+    pkiSubscriberDAL,
+    projectDAL
+  });
+
   const createCertificateAuthority = async (
     { type, projectId, name, enableDirectIssuance, configuration, status }: TCreateCertificateAuthorityDTO,
     actor: OrgServiceActor
@@ -146,6 +167,17 @@ export const certificateAuthorityServiceFactory = ({
       });
     }
 
+    if (type === CaType.AZURE_AD_CS) {
+      return azureAdCsFns.createCertificateAuthority({
+        name,
+        projectId,
+        configuration: configuration as TCreateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityDTO["configuration"],
+        enableDirectIssuance,
+        status,
+        actor
+      });
+    }
+
     throw new BadRequestError({ message: "Invalid certificate authority type" });
   };
 
@@ -205,6 +237,10 @@ export const certificateAuthorityServiceFactory = ({
       return castDbEntryToAcmeCertificateAuthority(certificateAuthority);
     }
 
+    if (type === CaType.AZURE_AD_CS) {
+      return castDbEntryToAzureAdCsCertificateAuthority(certificateAuthority);
+    }
+
     throw new BadRequestError({ message: "Invalid certificate authority type" });
   };
 
@@ -249,6 +285,10 @@ export const certificateAuthorityServiceFactory = ({
       return acmeFns.listCertificateAuthorities({ projectId });
     }
 
+    if (type === CaType.AZURE_AD_CS) {
+      return azureAdCsFns.listCertificateAuthorities({ projectId });
+    }
+
     throw new BadRequestError({ message: "Invalid certificate authority type" });
   };
 
@@ -323,6 +363,17 @@ export const certificateAuthorityServiceFactory = ({
       });
     }
 
+    if (type === CaType.AZURE_AD_CS) {
+      return azureAdCsFns.updateCertificateAuthority({
+        id: certificateAuthority.id,
+        configuration: configuration as TUpdateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityDTO["configuration"],
+        enableDirectIssuance,
+        actor,
+        status,
+        name
+      });
+    }
+
     throw new BadRequestError({ message: "Invalid certificate authority type" });
   };
 
@@ -384,14 +435,54 @@ export const certificateAuthorityServiceFactory = ({
       return castDbEntryToAcmeCertificateAuthority(certificateAuthority);
     }
 
+    if (type === CaType.AZURE_AD_CS) {
+      return castDbEntryToAzureAdCsCertificateAuthority(certificateAuthority);
+    }
+
     throw new BadRequestError({ message: "Invalid certificate authority type" });
   };
 
+  const getAzureAdcsTemplates = async ({
+    caId,
+    projectId,
+    actor,
+    actorId,
+    actorAuthMethod,
+    actorOrgId
+  }: {
+    caId: string;
+    projectId: string;
+    actor: OrgServiceActor["type"];
+    actorId: string;
+    actorAuthMethod: OrgServiceActor["authMethod"];
+    actorOrgId?: string;
+  }) => {
+    const { permission } = await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      projectId,
+      actorAuthMethod,
+      actorOrgId,
+      actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.CertificateManager
+    });
+
+    ForbiddenError.from(permission).throwUnlessCan(
+      ProjectPermissionActions.Read,
+      ProjectPermissionSub.CertificateAuthorities
+    );
+
+    return azureAdCsFns.getTemplates({
+      caId,
+      projectId
+    });
+  };
+
   return {
     createCertificateAuthority,
     findCertificateAuthorityByNameAndProjectId,
     listCertificateAuthoritiesByProjectId,
     updateCertificateAuthority,
-    deleteCertificateAuthority
+    deleteCertificateAuthority,
+    getAzureAdcsTemplates
   };
 };

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-types.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,23 @@
 import { TAcmeCertificateAuthority, TAcmeCertificateAuthorityInput } from "./acme/acme-certificate-authority-types";
+import {
+  TAzureAdCsCertificateAuthority,
+  TCreateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityDTO
+} from "./azure-ad-cs/azure-ad-cs-certificate-authority-types";
 import { CaType } from "./certificate-authority-enums";
 import {
   TInternalCertificateAuthority,
   TInternalCertificateAuthorityInput
 } from "./internal/internal-certificate-authority-types";
 
-export type TCertificateAuthority = TInternalCertificateAuthority | TAcmeCertificateAuthority;
+export type TCertificateAuthority =
+  | TInternalCertificateAuthority
+  | TAcmeCertificateAuthority
+  | TAzureAdCsCertificateAuthority;
 
-export type TCertificateAuthorityInput = TInternalCertificateAuthorityInput | TAcmeCertificateAuthorityInput;
+export type TCertificateAuthorityInput =
+  | TInternalCertificateAuthorityInput
+  | TAcmeCertificateAuthorityInput
+  | TCreateAzureAdCsCertificateAuthorityDTO;
 
 export type TCreateCertificateAuthorityDTO = Omit<TCertificateAuthority, "id">;
 

backend/src/services/certificate-authority/internal/internal-certificate-authority-fns.ts

@@ -36,12 +36,18 @@ import { validateAndMapAltNameType } from "../certificate-authority-validators";
 import { TIssueCertWithTemplateDTO } from "./internal-certificate-authority-types";
 
 type TInternalCertificateAuthorityFnsDeps = {
-  certificateAuthorityDAL: Pick<TCertificateAuthorityDALFactory, "findByIdWithAssociatedCa" | "findById">;
+  certificateAuthorityDAL: Pick<
+    TCertificateAuthorityDALFactory,
+    "findByIdWithAssociatedCa" | "findById" | "create" | "transaction" | "updateById" | "findWithAssociatedCa"
+  >;
   certificateAuthorityCertDAL: Pick<TCertificateAuthorityCertDALFactory, "findById">;
   certificateAuthoritySecretDAL: Pick<TCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory, "findOne">;
   certificateAuthorityCrlDAL: Pick<TCertificateAuthorityCrlDALFactory, "findOne">;
   projectDAL: Pick<TProjectDALFactory, "findById" | "transaction" | "findOne" | "updateById">;
-  kmsService: Pick<TKmsServiceFactory, "decryptWithKmsKey" | "encryptWithKmsKey" | "generateKmsKey">;
+  kmsService: Pick<
+    TKmsServiceFactory,
+    "decryptWithKmsKey" | "encryptWithKmsKey" | "generateKmsKey" | "createCipherPairWithDataKey"
+  >;
   certificateDAL: Pick<TCertificateDALFactory, "create" | "transaction">;
   certificateBodyDAL: Pick<TCertificateBodyDALFactory, "create">;
   certificateSecretDAL: Pick<TCertificateSecretDALFactory, "create">;

backend/src/services/certificate/certificate-service.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ import { TCertificateBodyDALFactory } from "@app/services/certificate/certificat
 import { TCertificateDALFactory } from "@app/services/certificate/certificate-dal";
 import { TCertificateAuthorityCertDALFactory } from "@app/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-cert-dal";
 import { TCertificateAuthorityDALFactory } from "@app/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-dal";
+import { CaCapability, CaType } from "@app/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-enums";
+import { caSupportsCapability } from "@app/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-maps";
 import { TCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory } from "@app/services/certificate-authority/certificate-authority-secret-dal";
 import { TKmsServiceFactory } from "@app/services/kms/kms-service";
 import { TPkiCollectionDALFactory } from "@app/services/pki-collection/pki-collection-dal";
@@ -184,9 +186,11 @@ export const certificateServiceFactory = ({
 
     const ca = await certificateAuthorityDAL.findByIdWithAssociatedCa(cert.caId);
 
-    if (ca.externalCa?.id) {
+    // Check if the CA type supports revocation
+    const caType = (ca.externalCa?.type as CaType) ?? CaType.INTERNAL;
+    if (!caSupportsCapability(caType, CaCapability.REVOKE_CERTIFICATES)) {
       throw new BadRequestError({
-        message: "Cannot revoke external certificates"
+        message: "Certificate revocation is not supported by this certificate authority type"
       });
     }
 
@@ -218,18 +222,37 @@ export const certificateServiceFactory = ({
       }
     );
 
-    // rebuild CRL (TODO: move to interval-based cron job)
-    await rebuildCaCrl({
-      caId: ca.id,
-      certificateAuthorityDAL,
-      certificateAuthorityCrlDAL,
-      certificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
-      projectDAL,
-      certificateDAL,
-      kmsService
-    });
+    // Note: External CA revocation handling would go here for supported CA types
+    // Currently, only internal CAs and ACME CAs support revocation
 
-    return { revokedAt, cert, ca: expandInternalCa(ca) };
+    // rebuild CRL (TODO: move to interval-based cron job)
+    // Only rebuild CRL for internal CAs - external CAs manage their own CRLs
+    if (!ca.externalCa?.id) {
+      await rebuildCaCrl({
+        caId: ca.id,
+        certificateAuthorityDAL,
+        certificateAuthorityCrlDAL,
+        certificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
+        projectDAL,
+        certificateDAL,
+        kmsService
+      });
+    }
+
+    // Return appropriate CA format based on CA type
+    const caResult = ca.externalCa?.id
+      ? {
+          id: ca.id,
+          name: ca.name,
+          projectId: ca.projectId,
+          status: ca.status,
+          enableDirectIssuance: ca.enableDirectIssuance,
+          type: ca.externalCa.type,
+          externalCa: ca.externalCa
+        }
+      : expandInternalCa(ca);
+
+    return { revokedAt, cert, ca: caResult };
   };
 
   /**

backend/src/services/external-migration/external-migration-fns/vault.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,21 @@
+import https from "node:https";
+
 import axios, { AxiosInstance } from "axios";
 import { v4 as uuidv4 } from "uuid";
 
+import { TGatewayServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/gateway/gateway-service";
 import { BadRequestError } from "@app/lib/errors";
+import { GatewayProxyProtocol, withGatewayProxy } from "@app/lib/gateway";
 import { logger } from "@app/lib/logger";
 import { blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses } from "@app/lib/validator";
 
 import { InfisicalImportData, VaultMappingType } from "../external-migration-types";
 
+enum KvVersion {
+  V1 = "1",
+  V2 = "2"
+}
+
 type VaultData = {
   namespace: string;
   mount: string;
@@ -14,7 +23,42 @@ type VaultData = {
   secretData: Record<string, string>;
 };
 
-const vaultFactory = () => {
+const vaultFactory = (gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">) => {
+  const $gatewayProxyWrapper = async <T>(
+    inputs: {
+      gatewayId: string;
+      targetHost?: string;
+      targetPort?: number;
+    },
+    gatewayCallback: (host: string, port: number, httpsAgent?: https.Agent) => Promise<T>
+  ): Promise<T> => {
+    const relayDetails = await gatewayService.fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId(inputs.gatewayId);
+    const [relayHost, relayPort] = relayDetails.relayAddress.split(":");
+
+    const callbackResult = await withGatewayProxy(
+      async (port, httpsAgent) => {
+        const res = await gatewayCallback("http://localhost", port, httpsAgent);
+        return res;
+      },
+      {
+        protocol: GatewayProxyProtocol.Http,
+        targetHost: inputs.targetHost,
+        targetPort: inputs.targetPort,
+        relayHost,
+        relayPort: Number(relayPort),
+        identityId: relayDetails.identityId,
+        orgId: relayDetails.orgId,
+        tlsOptions: {
+          ca: relayDetails.certChain,
+          cert: relayDetails.certificate,
+          key: relayDetails.privateKey.toString()
+        }
+      }
+    );
+
+    return callbackResult;
+  };
+
   const getMounts = async (request: AxiosInstance) => {
     const response = await request
       .get<{
@@ -31,11 +75,24 @@ const vaultFactory = () => {
 
   const getPaths = async (
     request: AxiosInstance,
-    { mountPath, secretPath = "" }: { mountPath: string; secretPath?: string }
+    { mountPath, secretPath = "" }: { mountPath: string; secretPath?: string },
+    kvVersion: KvVersion
   ) => {
     try {
-      // For KV v2: /v1/{mount}/metadata/{path}?list=true
-      const path = secretPath ? `${mountPath}/metadata/${secretPath}` : `${mountPath}/metadata`;
+      if (kvVersion === KvVersion.V2) {
+        // For KV v2: /v1/{mount}/metadata/{path}?list=true
+        const path = secretPath ? `${mountPath}/metadata/${secretPath}` : `${mountPath}/metadata`;
+        const response = await request.get<{
+          data: {
+            keys: string[];
+          };
+        }>(`/v1/${path}?list=true`);
+
+        return response.data.data.keys;
+      }
+
+      // kv version v1: /v1/{mount}?list=true
+      const path = secretPath ? `${mountPath}/${secretPath}` : mountPath;
       const response = await request.get<{
         data: {
           keys: string[];
@@ -56,21 +113,42 @@ const vaultFactory = () => {
 
   const getSecrets = async (
     request: AxiosInstance,
-    { mountPath, secretPath }: { mountPath: string; secretPath: string }
+    { mountPath, secretPath }: { mountPath: string; secretPath: string },
+    kvVersion: KvVersion
   ) => {
-    // For KV v2: /v1/{mount}/data/{path}
+    if (kvVersion === KvVersion.V2) {
+      // For KV v2: /v1/{mount}/data/{path}
+      const response = await request
+        .get<{
+          data: {
+            data: Record<string, string>; // KV v2 has nested data structure
+            metadata: {
+              created_time: string;
+              deletion_time: string;
+              destroyed: boolean;
+              version: number;
+            };
+          };
+        }>(`/v1/${mountPath}/data/${secretPath}`)
+        .catch((err) => {
+          if (axios.isAxiosError(err)) {
+            logger.error(err.response?.data, "External migration: Failed to get Vault secret");
+          }
+          throw err;
+        });
+
+      return response.data.data.data;
+    }
+
+    // kv version v1
+
     const response = await request
       .get<{
-        data: {
-          data: Record<string, string>; // KV v2 has nested data structure
-          metadata: {
-            created_time: string;
-            deletion_time: string;
-            destroyed: boolean;
-            version: number;
-          };
-        };
-      }>(`/v1/${mountPath}/data/${secretPath}`)
+        data: Record<string, string>; // KV v1 has flat data structure
+        lease_duration: number;
+        lease_id: string;
+        renewable: boolean;
+      }>(`/v1/${mountPath}/${secretPath}`)
       .catch((err) => {
         if (axios.isAxiosError(err)) {
           logger.error(err.response?.data, "External migration: Failed to get Vault secret");
@@ -78,7 +156,7 @@ const vaultFactory = () => {
         throw err;
       });
 
-    return response.data.data.data;
+    return response.data.data;
   };
 
   // helper function to check if a mount is KV v2 (will be useful if we add support for Vault KV v1)
@@ -89,9 +167,10 @@ const vaultFactory = () => {
   const recursivelyGetAllPaths = async (
     request: AxiosInstance,
     mountPath: string,
+    kvVersion: KvVersion,
     currentPath: string = ""
   ): Promise<string[]> => {
-    const paths = await getPaths(request, { mountPath, secretPath: currentPath });
+    const paths = await getPaths(request, { mountPath, secretPath: currentPath }, kvVersion);
 
     if (paths === null || paths.length === 0) {
       return [];
@@ -105,7 +184,7 @@ const vaultFactory = () => {
 
       if (path.endsWith("/")) {
         // it's a folder so we recurse into it
-        const subSecrets = await recursivelyGetAllPaths(request, mountPath, fullItemPath);
+        const subSecrets = await recursivelyGetAllPaths(request, mountPath, kvVersion, fullItemPath);
         allSecrets.push(...subSecrets);
       } else {
         // it's a secret so we add it to our results
@@ -119,60 +198,93 @@ const vaultFactory = () => {
   async function collectVaultData({
     baseUrl,
     namespace,
-    accessToken
+    accessToken,
+    gatewayId
   }: {
     baseUrl: string;
     namespace?: string;
     accessToken: string;
+    gatewayId?: string;
   }): Promise<VaultData[]> {
-    const request = axios.create({
-      baseURL: baseUrl,
-      headers: {
-        "X-Vault-Token": accessToken,
-        ...(namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": namespace } : {})
+    const getData = async (host: string, port?: number, httpsAgent?: https.Agent) => {
+      const allData: VaultData[] = [];
+
+      const request = axios.create({
+        baseURL: port ? `${host}:${port}` : host,
+        headers: {
+          "X-Vault-Token": accessToken,
+          ...(namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": namespace } : {})
+        },
+        httpsAgent
+      });
+
+      // Get all mounts in this namespace
+      const mounts = await getMounts(request);
+
+      for (const mount of Object.keys(mounts)) {
+        if (!mount.endsWith("/")) {
+          delete mounts[mount];
+        }
       }
-    });
 
-    const allData: VaultData[] = [];
+      for await (const [mountPath, mountInfo] of Object.entries(mounts)) {
+        // skip non-KV mounts
+        if (!mountInfo.type.startsWith("kv")) {
+          // eslint-disable-next-line no-continue
+          continue;
+        }
 
-    // Get all mounts in this namespace
-    const mounts = await getMounts(request);
+        const kvVersion = mountInfo.options?.version === "2" ? KvVersion.V2 : KvVersion.V1;
 
-    for (const mount of Object.keys(mounts)) {
-      if (!mount.endsWith("/")) {
-        delete mounts[mount];
+        // get all paths in this mount
+        const paths = await recursivelyGetAllPaths(request, `${mountPath.replace(/\/$/, "")}`, kvVersion);
+
+        const cleanMountPath = mountPath.replace(/\/$/, "");
+
+        for await (const secretPath of paths) {
+          // get the actual secret data
+          const secretData = await getSecrets(
+            request,
+            {
+              mountPath: cleanMountPath,
+              secretPath: secretPath.replace(`${cleanMountPath}/`, "")
+            },
+            kvVersion
+          );
+
+          allData.push({
+            namespace: namespace || "",
+            mount: mountPath.replace(/\/$/, ""),
+            path: secretPath.replace(`${cleanMountPath}/`, ""),
+            secretData
+          });
+        }
       }
+
+      return allData;
+    };
+
+    let data;
+
+    if (gatewayId) {
+      const url = new URL(baseUrl);
+
+      const { port, protocol, hostname } = url;
+      const cleanedProtocol = protocol.slice(0, -1);
+
+      data = await $gatewayProxyWrapper(
+        {
+          gatewayId,
+          targetHost: `${cleanedProtocol}://${hostname}`,
+          targetPort: port ? Number(port) : 8200 // 8200, default port for Vault self-hosted/dedicated
+        },
+        getData
+      );
+    } else {
+      data = await getData(baseUrl);
     }
 
-    for await (const [mountPath, mountInfo] of Object.entries(mounts)) {
-      // skip non-KV mounts
-      if (!mountInfo.type.startsWith("kv")) {
-        // eslint-disable-next-line no-continue
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      // get all paths in this mount
-      const paths = await recursivelyGetAllPaths(request, `${mountPath.replace(/\/$/, "")}`);
-
-      const cleanMountPath = mountPath.replace(/\/$/, "");
-
-      for await (const secretPath of paths) {
-        // get the actual secret data
-        const secretData = await getSecrets(request, {
-          mountPath: cleanMountPath,
-          secretPath: secretPath.replace(`${cleanMountPath}/`, "")
-        });
-
-        allData.push({
-          namespace: namespace || "",
-          mount: mountPath.replace(/\/$/, ""),
-          path: secretPath.replace(`${cleanMountPath}/`, ""),
-          secretData
-        });
-      }
-    }
-
-    return allData;
+    return data;
   }
 
   return {
@@ -296,17 +408,22 @@ export const transformToInfisicalFormatNamespaceToProjects = (
   };
 };
 
-export const importVaultDataFn = async ({
-  vaultAccessToken,
-  vaultNamespace,
-  vaultUrl,
-  mappingType
-}: {
-  vaultAccessToken: string;
-  vaultNamespace?: string;
-  vaultUrl: string;
-  mappingType: VaultMappingType;
-}) => {
+export const importVaultDataFn = async (
+  {
+    vaultAccessToken,
+    vaultNamespace,
+    vaultUrl,
+    mappingType,
+    gatewayId
+  }: {
+    vaultAccessToken: string;
+    vaultNamespace?: string;
+    vaultUrl: string;
+    mappingType: VaultMappingType;
+    gatewayId?: string;
+  },
+  { gatewayService }: { gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId"> }
+) => {
   await blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses(vaultUrl);
 
   if (mappingType === VaultMappingType.Namespace && !vaultNamespace) {
@@ -315,12 +432,13 @@ export const importVaultDataFn = async ({
     });
   }
 
-  const vaultApi = vaultFactory();
+  const vaultApi = vaultFactory(gatewayService);
 
   const vaultData = await vaultApi.collectVaultData({
     accessToken: vaultAccessToken,
     baseUrl: vaultUrl,
-    namespace: vaultNamespace
+    namespace: vaultNamespace,
+    gatewayId
   });
 
   const infisicalData = transformToInfisicalFormatNamespaceToProjects(vaultData, mappingType);

backend/src/services/external-migration/external-migration-service.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { OrgMembershipRole } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { TGatewayServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/gateway/gateway-service";
 import { TPermissionServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/permission/permission-service-types";
 import { crypto } from "@app/lib/crypto/cryptography";
 import { BadRequestError, ForbiddenRequestError } from "@app/lib/errors";
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ type TExternalMigrationServiceFactoryDep = {
   permissionService: TPermissionServiceFactory;
   externalMigrationQueue: TExternalMigrationQueueFactory;
   userDAL: Pick<TUserDALFactory, "findById">;
+  gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">;
 };
 
 export type TExternalMigrationServiceFactory = ReturnType<typeof externalMigrationServiceFactory>;
@@ -19,7 +21,8 @@ export type TExternalMigrationServiceFactory = ReturnType<typeof externalMigrati
 export const externalMigrationServiceFactory = ({
   permissionService,
   externalMigrationQueue,
-  userDAL
+  userDAL,
+  gatewayService
 }: TExternalMigrationServiceFactoryDep) => {
   const importEnvKeyData = async ({
     decryptionKey,
@@ -72,6 +75,7 @@ export const externalMigrationServiceFactory = ({
     vaultNamespace,
     mappingType,
     vaultUrl,
+    gatewayId,
     actor,
     actorId,
     actorOrgId,
@@ -91,12 +95,18 @@ export const externalMigrationServiceFactory = ({
 
     const user = await userDAL.findById(actorId);
 
-    const vaultData = await importVaultDataFn({
-      vaultAccessToken,
-      vaultNamespace,
-      vaultUrl,
-      mappingType
-    });
+    const vaultData = await importVaultDataFn(
+      {
+        vaultAccessToken,
+        vaultNamespace,
+        vaultUrl,
+        mappingType,
+        gatewayId
+      },
+      {
+        gatewayService
+      }
+    );
 
     const stringifiedJson = JSON.stringify({
       data: vaultData,

backend/src/services/external-migration/external-migration-types.ts

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ export type TImportVaultDataDTO = {
   vaultNamespace?: string;
   mappingType: VaultMappingType;
   vaultUrl: string;
+  gatewayId?: string;
 } & Omit<TOrgPermission, "orgId">;
 
 export type TImportInfisicalDataCreate = {

backend/src/services/group-project/group-project-dal.ts

@@ -156,6 +156,7 @@ export const groupProjectDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
         `${TableName.GroupProjectMembershipRole}.customRoleId`,
         `${TableName.ProjectRoles}.id`
       )
+      .join(TableName.OrgMembership, `${TableName.Users}.id`, `${TableName.OrgMembership}.userId`)
       .select(
         db.ref("id").withSchema(TableName.UserGroupMembership),
         db.ref("createdAt").withSchema(TableName.UserGroupMembership),
@@ -176,7 +177,8 @@ export const groupProjectDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
         db.ref("temporaryRange").withSchema(TableName.GroupProjectMembershipRole),
         db.ref("temporaryAccessStartTime").withSchema(TableName.GroupProjectMembershipRole),
         db.ref("temporaryAccessEndTime").withSchema(TableName.GroupProjectMembershipRole),
-        db.ref("name").as("projectName").withSchema(TableName.Project)
+        db.ref("name").as("projectName").withSchema(TableName.Project),
+        db.ref("isActive").withSchema(TableName.OrgMembership)
       )
       .where({ isGhost: false });
 
@@ -192,7 +194,8 @@ export const groupProjectDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
         id,
         userId,
         projectName,
-        createdAt
+        createdAt,
+        isActive
       }) => ({
         isGroupMember: true,
         id,
@@ -202,7 +205,7 @@ export const groupProjectDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
           id: projectId,
           name: projectName
         },
-        user: { email, username, firstName, lastName, id: userId, publicKey, isGhost },
+        user: { email, username, firstName, lastName, id: userId, publicKey, isGhost, isOrgMembershipActive: isActive },
         createdAt
       }),
       key: "id",

backend/src/services/identity-ua/identity-ua-service.ts

@@ -8,10 +8,18 @@ import {
   validatePrivilegeChangeOperation
 } from "@app/ee/services/permission/permission-fns";
 import { TPermissionServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/permission/permission-service-types";
+import { KeyStorePrefixes, TKeyStoreFactory } from "@app/keystore/keystore";
 import { getConfig } from "@app/lib/config/env";
 import { crypto } from "@app/lib/crypto/cryptography";
-import { BadRequestError, NotFoundError, PermissionBoundaryError, UnauthorizedError } from "@app/lib/errors";
+import {
+  BadRequestError,
+  NotFoundError,
+  PermissionBoundaryError,
+  RateLimitError,
+  UnauthorizedError
+} from "@app/lib/errors";
 import { checkIPAgainstBlocklist, extractIPDetails, isValidIpOrCidr, TIp } from "@app/lib/ip";
+import { logger } from "@app/lib/logger";
 
 import { ActorType, AuthTokenType } from "../auth/auth-type";
 import { TIdentityOrgDALFactory } from "../identity/identity-org-dal";
@@ -22,6 +30,7 @@ import { TIdentityUaClientSecretDALFactory } from "./identity-ua-client-secret-d
 import { TIdentityUaDALFactory } from "./identity-ua-dal";
 import {
   TAttachUaDTO,
+  TClearUaLockoutsDTO,
   TCreateUaClientSecretDTO,
   TGetUaClientSecretsDTO,
   TGetUaDTO,
@@ -38,30 +47,33 @@ type TIdentityUaServiceFactoryDep = {
   identityOrgMembershipDAL: TIdentityOrgDALFactory;
   permissionService: Pick<TPermissionServiceFactory, "getOrgPermission">;
   licenseService: Pick<TLicenseServiceFactory, "getPlan">;
+  keyStore: Pick<
+    TKeyStoreFactory,
+    "setItemWithExpiry" | "getItem" | "deleteItem" | "getKeysByPattern" | "deleteItems" | "acquireLock"
+  >;
 };
 
 export type TIdentityUaServiceFactory = ReturnType<typeof identityUaServiceFactory>;
 
+type LockoutObject = {
+  lockedOut: boolean;
+  failedAttempts: number;
+};
+
 export const identityUaServiceFactory = ({
   identityUaDAL,
   identityUaClientSecretDAL,
   identityAccessTokenDAL,
   identityOrgMembershipDAL,
   permissionService,
-  licenseService
+  licenseService,
+  keyStore
 }: TIdentityUaServiceFactoryDep) => {
   const login = async (clientId: string, clientSecret: string, ip: string) => {
     const identityUa = await identityUaDAL.findOne({ clientId });
     if (!identityUa) {
-      throw new NotFoundError({
-        message: "No identity with specified client ID was found"
-      });
-    }
-
-    const identityMembershipOrg = await identityOrgMembershipDAL.findOne({ identityId: identityUa.identityId });
-    if (!identityMembershipOrg) {
-      throw new NotFoundError({
-        message: "No identity with the org membership was found"
+      throw new UnauthorizedError({
+        message: "Invalid credentials"
       });
     }
 
@@ -69,119 +81,184 @@ export const identityUaServiceFactory = ({
       ipAddress: ip,
       trustedIps: identityUa.clientSecretTrustedIps as TIp[]
     });
-    const clientSecretPrefix = clientSecret.slice(0, 4);
-    const clientSecrtInfo = await identityUaClientSecretDAL.find({
-      identityUAId: identityUa.id,
-      isClientSecretRevoked: false,
-      clientSecretPrefix
-    });
 
-    let validClientSecretInfo: (typeof clientSecrtInfo)[0] | null = null;
-    for await (const info of clientSecrtInfo) {
-      const isMatch = await crypto.hashing().compareHash(clientSecret, info.clientSecretHash);
+    const LOCKOUT_KEY = `lockout:identity:${identityUa.identityId}:${IdentityAuthMethod.UNIVERSAL_AUTH}:${clientId}`;
 
-      if (isMatch) {
-        validClientSecretInfo = info;
-        break;
-      }
+    let lock: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof keyStore.acquireLock>>;
+    try {
+      lock = await keyStore.acquireLock([KeyStorePrefixes.IdentityLockoutLock(LOCKOUT_KEY)], 500, {
+        retryCount: 3,
+        retryDelay: 300,
+        retryJitter: 100
+      });
+    } catch (e) {
+      logger.info(
+        `identity login failed to acquire lock [identityId=${identityUa.identityId}] [authMethod=${IdentityAuthMethod.UNIVERSAL_AUTH}]`
+      );
+      throw new RateLimitError({ message: "Rate limit exceeded" });
     }
 
-    if (!validClientSecretInfo) throw new UnauthorizedError({ message: "Invalid credentials" });
+    try {
+      const lockoutRaw = await keyStore.getItem(LOCKOUT_KEY);
 
-    const { clientSecretTTL, clientSecretNumUses, clientSecretNumUsesLimit } = validClientSecretInfo;
-    if (Number(clientSecretTTL) > 0) {
-      const clientSecretCreated = new Date(validClientSecretInfo.createdAt);
-      const ttlInMilliseconds = Number(clientSecretTTL) * 1000;
-      const currentDate = new Date();
-      const expirationTime = new Date(clientSecretCreated.getTime() + ttlInMilliseconds);
+      let lockout: LockoutObject | undefined;
+      if (lockoutRaw) {
+        lockout = JSON.parse(lockoutRaw) as LockoutObject;
+      }
 
-      if (currentDate > expirationTime) {
+      if (lockout && lockout.lockedOut) {
+        throw new UnauthorizedError({
+          message: "This identity auth method is temporarily locked, please try again later"
+        });
+      }
+
+      const identityMembershipOrg = await identityOrgMembershipDAL.findOne({ identityId: identityUa.identityId });
+      if (!identityMembershipOrg) {
+        throw new UnauthorizedError({
+          message: "Invalid credentials"
+        });
+      }
+
+      const clientSecretPrefix = clientSecret.slice(0, 4);
+      const clientSecretInfo = await identityUaClientSecretDAL.find({
+        identityUAId: identityUa.id,
+        isClientSecretRevoked: false,
+        clientSecretPrefix
+      });
+
+      let validClientSecretInfo: (typeof clientSecretInfo)[0] | null = null;
+      for await (const info of clientSecretInfo) {
+        const isMatch = await crypto.hashing().compareHash(clientSecret, info.clientSecretHash);
+
+        if (isMatch) {
+          validClientSecretInfo = info;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (!validClientSecretInfo) {
+        if (identityUa.lockoutEnabled) {
+          if (!lockout) {
+            lockout = {
+              lockedOut: false,
+              failedAttempts: 0
+            };
+          }
+
+          lockout.failedAttempts += 1;
+          if (lockout.failedAttempts >= identityUa.lockoutThreshold) {
+            lockout.lockedOut = true;
+          }
+
+          await keyStore.setItemWithExpiry(
+            LOCKOUT_KEY,
+            lockout.lockedOut ? identityUa.lockoutDurationSeconds : identityUa.lockoutCounterResetSeconds,
+            JSON.stringify(lockout)
+          );
+        }
+
+        throw new UnauthorizedError({ message: "Invalid credentials" });
+      } else if (lockout) {
+        await keyStore.deleteItem(LOCKOUT_KEY);
+      }
+
+      const { clientSecretTTL, clientSecretNumUses, clientSecretNumUsesLimit } = validClientSecretInfo;
+      if (Number(clientSecretTTL) > 0) {
+        const clientSecretCreated = new Date(validClientSecretInfo.createdAt);
+        const ttlInMilliseconds = Number(clientSecretTTL) * 1000;
+        const currentDate = new Date();
+        const expirationTime = new Date(clientSecretCreated.getTime() + ttlInMilliseconds);
+
+        if (currentDate > expirationTime) {
+          await identityUaClientSecretDAL.updateById(validClientSecretInfo.id, {
+            isClientSecretRevoked: true
+          });
+
+          throw new UnauthorizedError({
+            message: "Access denied due to expired client secret"
+          });
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (clientSecretNumUsesLimit > 0 && clientSecretNumUses >= clientSecretNumUsesLimit) {
+        // number of times client secret can be used for
+        // a login operation reached
         await identityUaClientSecretDAL.updateById(validClientSecretInfo.id, {
           isClientSecretRevoked: true
         });
-
         throw new UnauthorizedError({
-          message: "Access denied due to expired client secret"
+          message: "Access denied due to client secret usage limit reached"
         });
       }
-    }
 
-    if (clientSecretNumUsesLimit > 0 && clientSecretNumUses === clientSecretNumUsesLimit) {
-      // number of times client secret can be used for
-      // a login operation reached
-      await identityUaClientSecretDAL.updateById(validClientSecretInfo.id, {
-        isClientSecretRevoked: true
+      const accessTokenTTLParams =
+        Number(identityUa.accessTokenPeriod) === 0
+          ? {
+              accessTokenTTL: identityUa.accessTokenTTL,
+              accessTokenMaxTTL: identityUa.accessTokenMaxTTL
+            }
+          : {
+              accessTokenTTL: identityUa.accessTokenPeriod,
+              // We set a very large Max TTL for periodic tokens to ensure that clients (even outdated ones) can always renew their token
+              // without them having to update their SDKs, CLIs, etc. This workaround sets it to 30 years to emulate "forever"
+              accessTokenMaxTTL: 1000000000
+            };
+
+      const identityAccessToken = await identityUaDAL.transaction(async (tx) => {
+        const uaClientSecretDoc = await identityUaClientSecretDAL.incrementUsage(validClientSecretInfo!.id, tx);
+        await identityOrgMembershipDAL.updateById(
+          identityMembershipOrg.id,
+          {
+            lastLoginAuthMethod: IdentityAuthMethod.UNIVERSAL_AUTH,
+            lastLoginTime: new Date()
+          },
+          tx
+        );
+        const newToken = await identityAccessTokenDAL.create(
+          {
+            identityId: identityUa.identityId,
+            isAccessTokenRevoked: false,
+            identityUAClientSecretId: uaClientSecretDoc.id,
+            accessTokenNumUses: 0,
+            accessTokenNumUsesLimit: identityUa.accessTokenNumUsesLimit,
+            accessTokenPeriod: identityUa.accessTokenPeriod,
+            authMethod: IdentityAuthMethod.UNIVERSAL_AUTH,
+            ...accessTokenTTLParams
+          },
+          tx
+        );
+
+        return newToken;
       });
-      throw new UnauthorizedError({
-        message: "Access denied due to client secret usage limit reached"
-      });
-    }
 
-    const accessTokenTTLParams =
-      Number(identityUa.accessTokenPeriod) === 0
-        ? {
-            accessTokenTTL: identityUa.accessTokenTTL,
-            accessTokenMaxTTL: identityUa.accessTokenMaxTTL
-          }
-        : {
-            accessTokenTTL: identityUa.accessTokenPeriod,
-            // We set a very large Max TTL for periodic tokens to ensure that clients (even outdated ones) can always renew their token
-            // without them having to update their SDKs, CLIs, etc. This workaround sets it to 30 years to emulate "forever"
-            accessTokenMaxTTL: 1000000000
-          };
-
-    const identityAccessToken = await identityUaDAL.transaction(async (tx) => {
-      const uaClientSecretDoc = await identityUaClientSecretDAL.incrementUsage(validClientSecretInfo!.id, tx);
-      await identityOrgMembershipDAL.updateById(
-        identityMembershipOrg.id,
-        {
-          lastLoginAuthMethod: IdentityAuthMethod.UNIVERSAL_AUTH,
-          lastLoginTime: new Date()
-        },
-        tx
-      );
-      const newToken = await identityAccessTokenDAL.create(
+      const appCfg = getConfig();
+      const accessToken = crypto.jwt().sign(
         {
           identityId: identityUa.identityId,
-          isAccessTokenRevoked: false,
-          identityUAClientSecretId: uaClientSecretDoc.id,
-          accessTokenNumUses: 0,
-          accessTokenNumUsesLimit: identityUa.accessTokenNumUsesLimit,
-          accessTokenPeriod: identityUa.accessTokenPeriod,
-          authMethod: IdentityAuthMethod.UNIVERSAL_AUTH,
-          ...accessTokenTTLParams
-        },
-        tx
+          clientSecretId: validClientSecretInfo.id,
+          identityAccessTokenId: identityAccessToken.id,
+          authTokenType: AuthTokenType.IDENTITY_ACCESS_TOKEN
+        } as TIdentityAccessTokenJwtPayload,
+        appCfg.AUTH_SECRET,
+        // akhilmhdh: for non-expiry tokens you should not even set the value, including undefined. Even for undefined jsonwebtoken throws error
+        Number(identityAccessToken.accessTokenTTL) === 0
+          ? undefined
+          : {
+              expiresIn: Number(identityAccessToken.accessTokenTTL)
+            }
       );
 
-      return newToken;
-    });
-
-    const appCfg = getConfig();
-    const accessToken = crypto.jwt().sign(
-      {
-        identityId: identityUa.identityId,
-        clientSecretId: validClientSecretInfo.id,
-        identityAccessTokenId: identityAccessToken.id,
-        authTokenType: AuthTokenType.IDENTITY_ACCESS_TOKEN
-      } as TIdentityAccessTokenJwtPayload,
-      appCfg.AUTH_SECRET,
-      // akhilmhdh: for non-expiry tokens you should not even set the value, including undefined. Even for undefined jsonwebtoken throws error
-      Number(identityAccessToken.accessTokenTTL) === 0
-        ? undefined
-        : {
-            expiresIn: Number(identityAccessToken.accessTokenTTL)
-          }
-    );
-
-    return {
-      accessToken,
-      identityUa,
-      validClientSecretInfo,
-      identityAccessToken,
-      identityMembershipOrg,
-      ...accessTokenTTLParams
-    };
+      return {
+        accessToken,
+        identityUa,
+        validClientSecretInfo,
+        identityAccessToken,
+        identityMembershipOrg,
+        ...accessTokenTTLParams
+      };
+    } finally {
+      await lock.release();
+    }
   };
 
   const attachUniversalAuth = async ({
@@ -196,7 +273,11 @@ export const identityUaServiceFactory = ({
     actor,
     actorOrgId,
     isActorSuperAdmin,
-    accessTokenPeriod
+    accessTokenPeriod,
+    lockoutEnabled,
+    lockoutThreshold,
+    lockoutDurationSeconds,
+    lockoutCounterResetSeconds
   }: TAttachUaDTO) => {
     await validateIdentityUpdateForSuperAdminPrivileges(identityId, isActorSuperAdmin);
 
@@ -266,7 +347,11 @@ export const identityUaServiceFactory = ({
           accessTokenTTL,
           accessTokenNumUsesLimit,
           accessTokenTrustedIps: JSON.stringify(reformattedAccessTokenTrustedIps),
-          accessTokenPeriod
+          accessTokenPeriod,
+          lockoutEnabled,
+          lockoutThreshold,
+          lockoutDurationSeconds,
+          lockoutCounterResetSeconds
         },
         tx
       );
@@ -286,7 +371,11 @@ export const identityUaServiceFactory = ({
     actorId,
     actorAuthMethod,
     actor,
-    actorOrgId
+    actorOrgId,
+    lockoutEnabled,
+    lockoutThreshold,
+    lockoutDurationSeconds,
+    lockoutCounterResetSeconds
   }: TUpdateUaDTO) => {
     const identityMembershipOrg = await identityOrgMembershipDAL.findOne({ identityId });
     if (!identityMembershipOrg) throw new NotFoundError({ message: `Failed to find identity with ID ${identityId}` });
@@ -362,7 +451,11 @@ export const identityUaServiceFactory = ({
       accessTokenPeriod,
       accessTokenTrustedIps: reformattedAccessTokenTrustedIps
         ? JSON.stringify(reformattedAccessTokenTrustedIps)
-        : undefined
+        : undefined,
+      lockoutEnabled,
+      lockoutThreshold,
+      lockoutDurationSeconds,
+      lockoutCounterResetSeconds
     });
     return { ...updatedUaAuth, orgId: identityMembershipOrg.orgId };
   };
@@ -713,6 +806,38 @@ export const identityUaServiceFactory = ({
     return { ...updatedClientSecret, identityId, orgId: identityMembershipOrg.orgId };
   };
 
+  const clearUniversalAuthLockouts = async ({
+    identityId,
+    actorId,
+    actor,
+    actorOrgId,
+    actorAuthMethod
+  }: TClearUaLockoutsDTO) => {
+    const identityMembershipOrg = await identityOrgMembershipDAL.findOne({ identityId });
+    if (!identityMembershipOrg) throw new NotFoundError({ message: `Failed to find identity with ID ${identityId}` });
+
+    if (!identityMembershipOrg.identity.authMethods.includes(IdentityAuthMethod.UNIVERSAL_AUTH)) {
+      throw new BadRequestError({
+        message: "The identity does not have universal auth"
+      });
+    }
+
+    const { permission } = await permissionService.getOrgPermission(
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      identityMembershipOrg.orgId,
+      actorAuthMethod,
+      actorOrgId
+    );
+    ForbiddenError.from(permission).throwUnlessCan(OrgPermissionIdentityActions.Edit, OrgPermissionSubjects.Identity);
+
+    const deleted = await keyStore.deleteItems({
+      pattern: `lockout:identity:${identityId}:${IdentityAuthMethod.UNIVERSAL_AUTH}:*`
+    });
+
+    return { deleted, identityId, orgId: identityMembershipOrg.orgId };
+  };
+
   return {
     login,
     attachUniversalAuth,
@@ -722,6 +847,7 @@ export const identityUaServiceFactory = ({
     createUniversalAuthClientSecret,
     getUniversalAuthClientSecrets,
     revokeUniversalAuthClientSecret,
-    getUniversalAuthClientSecretById
+    getUniversalAuthClientSecretById,
+    clearUniversalAuthLockouts
   };
 };

backend/src/services/identity-ua/identity-ua-types.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ export type TAttachUaDTO = {
   clientSecretTrustedIps: { ipAddress: string }[];
   accessTokenTrustedIps: { ipAddress: string }[];
   isActorSuperAdmin?: boolean;
+  lockoutEnabled: boolean;
+  lockoutThreshold: number;
+  lockoutDurationSeconds: number;
+  lockoutCounterResetSeconds: number;
 } & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
 
 export type TUpdateUaDTO = {
@@ -19,6 +23,10 @@ export type TUpdateUaDTO = {
   accessTokenPeriod?: number;
   clientSecretTrustedIps?: { ipAddress: string }[];
   accessTokenTrustedIps?: { ipAddress: string }[];
+  lockoutEnabled?: boolean;
+  lockoutThreshold?: number;
+  lockoutDurationSeconds?: number;
+  lockoutCounterResetSeconds?: number;
 } & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
 
 export type TGetUaDTO = {
@@ -45,6 +53,10 @@ export type TRevokeUaClientSecretDTO = {
   clientSecretId: string;
 } & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
 
+export type TClearUaLockoutsDTO = {
+  identityId: string;
+} & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
+
 export type TGetUniversalAuthClientSecretByIdDTO = {
   identityId: string;
   clientSecretId: string;

backend/src/services/identity/identity-service.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
   validatePrivilegeChangeOperation
 } from "@app/ee/services/permission/permission-fns";
 import { TPermissionServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/permission/permission-service-types";
+import { TKeyStoreFactory } from "@app/keystore/keystore";
 import { BadRequestError, NotFoundError, PermissionBoundaryError } from "@app/lib/errors";
 import { TIdentityProjectDALFactory } from "@app/services/identity-project/identity-project-dal";
 
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ type TIdentityServiceFactoryDep = {
   identityProjectDAL: Pick<TIdentityProjectDALFactory, "findByIdentityId">;
   permissionService: Pick<TPermissionServiceFactory, "getOrgPermission" | "getOrgPermissionByRole">;
   licenseService: Pick<TLicenseServiceFactory, "getPlan" | "updateSubscriptionOrgMemberCount">;
+  keyStore: Pick<TKeyStoreFactory, "getKeysByPattern">;
 };
 
 export type TIdentityServiceFactory = ReturnType<typeof identityServiceFactory>;
@@ -42,7 +44,8 @@ export const identityServiceFactory = ({
   identityOrgMembershipDAL,
   identityProjectDAL,
   permissionService,
-  licenseService
+  licenseService,
+  keyStore
 }: TIdentityServiceFactoryDep) => {
   const createIdentity = async ({
     name,
@@ -255,7 +258,20 @@ export const identityServiceFactory = ({
     );
     ForbiddenError.from(permission).throwUnlessCan(OrgPermissionIdentityActions.Read, OrgPermissionSubjects.Identity);
 
-    return identity;
+    const activeLockouts = await keyStore.getKeysByPattern(`lockout:identity:${id}:*`);
+
+    const activeLockoutAuthMethods = new Set<string>();
+    activeLockouts.forEach((key) => {
+      const parts = key.split(":");
+      if (parts.length > 3) {
+        activeLockoutAuthMethods.add(parts[3]);
+      }
+    });
+
+    return {
+      ...identity,
+      identity: { ...identity.identity, activeLockoutAuthMethods: Array.from(activeLockoutAuthMethods) }
+    };
   };
 
   const deleteIdentity = async ({

backend/src/services/org-membership/org-membership-dal.ts

@@ -124,12 +124,12 @@ export const orgMembershipDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
           void qb
             .whereNull(`${TableName.OrgMembership}.lastInvitedAt`)
             .whereBetween(`${TableName.OrgMembership}.createdAt`, [twelveMonthsAgo, oneWeekAgo]);
-        })
-        .orWhere((qb) => {
           // lastInvitedAt is older than 1 week ago AND createdAt is younger than 1 month ago
-          void qb
-            .where(`${TableName.OrgMembership}.lastInvitedAt`, "<", oneWeekAgo)
-            .where(`${TableName.OrgMembership}.createdAt`, ">", oneMonthAgo);
+          void qb.orWhere((qbInner) => {
+            void qbInner
+              .where(`${TableName.OrgMembership}.lastInvitedAt`, "<", oneWeekAgo)
+              .where(`${TableName.OrgMembership}.createdAt`, ">", oneMonthAgo);
+          });
         });
 
       return memberships;
@@ -153,10 +153,64 @@ export const orgMembershipDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
     }
   };
 
+  const findOrgMembershipsWithUsersByOrgId = async (orgId: string) => {
+    try {
+      const members = await db
+        .replicaNode()(TableName.OrgMembership)
+        .where(`${TableName.OrgMembership}.orgId`, orgId)
+        .join(TableName.Users, `${TableName.OrgMembership}.userId`, `${TableName.Users}.id`)
+        .leftJoin<TUserEncryptionKeys>(
+          TableName.UserEncryptionKey,
+          `${TableName.UserEncryptionKey}.userId`,
+          `${TableName.Users}.id`
+        )
+        .leftJoin(TableName.IdentityMetadata, (queryBuilder) => {
+          void queryBuilder
+            .on(`${TableName.OrgMembership}.userId`, `${TableName.IdentityMetadata}.userId`)
+            .andOn(`${TableName.OrgMembership}.orgId`, `${TableName.IdentityMetadata}.orgId`);
+        })
+        .select(
+          db.ref("id").withSchema(TableName.OrgMembership),
+          db.ref("inviteEmail").withSchema(TableName.OrgMembership),
+          db.ref("orgId").withSchema(TableName.OrgMembership),
+          db.ref("role").withSchema(TableName.OrgMembership),
+          db.ref("roleId").withSchema(TableName.OrgMembership),
+          db.ref("status").withSchema(TableName.OrgMembership),
+          db.ref("isActive").withSchema(TableName.OrgMembership),
+          db.ref("email").withSchema(TableName.Users),
+          db.ref("username").withSchema(TableName.Users),
+          db.ref("firstName").withSchema(TableName.Users),
+          db.ref("lastName").withSchema(TableName.Users),
+          db.ref("isEmailVerified").withSchema(TableName.Users),
+          db.ref("id").withSchema(TableName.Users).as("userId")
+        )
+        .where({ isGhost: false });
+
+      return members.map((member) => ({
+        id: member.id,
+        orgId: member.orgId,
+        role: member.role,
+        status: member.status,
+        isActive: member.isActive,
+        inviteEmail: member.inviteEmail,
+        user: {
+          id: member.userId,
+          email: member.email,
+          username: member.username,
+          firstName: member.firstName,
+          lastName: member.lastName
+        }
+      }));
+    } catch (error) {
+      throw new DatabaseError({ error, name: "Find org memberships with users by org id" });
+    }
+  };
+
   return {
     ...orgMembershipOrm,
     findOrgMembershipById,
     findRecentInvitedMemberships,
-    updateLastInvitedAtByIds
+    updateLastInvitedAtByIds,
+    findOrgMembershipsWithUsersByOrgId
   };
 };

backend/src/services/pki-subscriber/pki-subscriber-schema.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ export const sanitizedPkiSubscriber = PkiSubscribersSchema.pick({
   lastOperationAt: true,
   enableAutoRenewal: true,
   autoRenewalPeriodInDays: true,
-  lastAutoRenewAt: true
+  lastAutoRenewAt: true,
+  properties: true
 }).extend({
   supportsImmediateCertIssuance: z.boolean().optional()
 });

backend/src/services/pki-subscriber/pki-subscriber-service.ts

@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ export const pkiSubscriberServiceFactory = ({
     extendedKeyUsages,
     enableAutoRenewal,
     autoRenewalPeriodInDays,
+    properties,
     projectId,
     actorId,
     actorAuthMethod,
@@ -157,7 +158,8 @@ export const pkiSubscriberServiceFactory = ({
       keyUsages,
       extendedKeyUsages,
       enableAutoRenewal,
-      autoRenewalPeriodInDays
+      autoRenewalPeriodInDays,
+      properties
     });
 
     return newSubscriber;
@@ -221,6 +223,7 @@ export const pkiSubscriberServiceFactory = ({
     extendedKeyUsages,
     enableAutoRenewal,
     autoRenewalPeriodInDays,
+    properties,
     actorId,
     actorAuthMethod,
     actor,
@@ -275,7 +278,8 @@ export const pkiSubscriberServiceFactory = ({
       keyUsages,
       extendedKeyUsages,
       enableAutoRenewal,
-      autoRenewalPeriodInDays
+      autoRenewalPeriodInDays,
+      properties
     });
 
     return updatedSubscriber;
@@ -360,7 +364,7 @@ export const pkiSubscriberServiceFactory = ({
       throw new BadRequestError({ message: "CA is disabled" });
     }
 
-    if (ca.externalCa?.id && ca.externalCa.type === CaType.ACME) {
+    if (ca.externalCa?.id && (ca.externalCa.type === CaType.ACME || ca.externalCa.type === CaType.AZURE_AD_CS)) {
       await certificateAuthorityQueue.orderCertificateForSubscriber({
         subscriberId: subscriber.id,
         caType: ca.externalCa.type

backend/src/services/pki-subscriber/pki-subscriber-types.ts

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ export type TCreatePkiSubscriberDTO = {
   extendedKeyUsages: CertExtendedKeyUsage[];
   enableAutoRenewal?: boolean;
   autoRenewalPeriodInDays?: number;
+  properties?: TPkiSubscriberProperties;
 } & TProjectPermission;
 
 export type TGetPkiSubscriberDTO = {
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ export type TUpdatePkiSubscriberDTO = {
   extendedKeyUsages?: CertExtendedKeyUsage[];
   enableAutoRenewal?: boolean;
   autoRenewalPeriodInDays?: number;
+  properties?: TPkiSubscriberProperties;
 } & TProjectPermission;
 
 export type TDeletePkiSubscriberDTO = {
@@ -69,3 +71,13 @@ export enum SubscriberOperationStatus {
   SUCCESS = "success",
   FAILED = "failed"
 }
+
+export type TPkiSubscriberProperties = {
+  azureTemplateType?: string;
+  organization?: string;
+  organizationalUnit?: string;
+  country?: string;
+  state?: string;
+  locality?: string;
+  emailAddress?: string;
+};

backend/src/services/project-membership/project-membership-dal.ts

@@ -21,6 +21,14 @@ export const projectMembershipDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
         .where({ [`${TableName.ProjectMembership}.projectId` as "projectId"]: projectId })
         .join(TableName.Project, `${TableName.ProjectMembership}.projectId`, `${TableName.Project}.id`)
         .join(TableName.Users, `${TableName.ProjectMembership}.userId`, `${TableName.Users}.id`)
+        .join(TableName.OrgMembership, (qb) => {
+          qb.on(`${TableName.Users}.id`, "=", `${TableName.OrgMembership}.userId`).andOn(
+            `${TableName.OrgMembership}.orgId`,
+            "=",
+            `${TableName.Project}.orgId`
+          );
+        })
+
         .where((qb) => {
           if (filter.usernames) {
             void qb.whereIn("username", filter.usernames);
@@ -90,7 +98,8 @@ export const projectMembershipDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
           db.ref("temporaryRange").withSchema(TableName.ProjectUserMembershipRole),
           db.ref("temporaryAccessStartTime").withSchema(TableName.ProjectUserMembershipRole),
           db.ref("temporaryAccessEndTime").withSchema(TableName.ProjectUserMembershipRole),
-          db.ref("name").as("projectName").withSchema(TableName.Project)
+          db.ref("name").as("projectName").withSchema(TableName.Project),
+          db.ref("isActive").withSchema(TableName.OrgMembership)
         )
         .where({ isGhost: false })
         .orderBy(`${TableName.Users}.username` as "username");
@@ -107,12 +116,22 @@ export const projectMembershipDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
           id,
           userId,
           projectName,
-          createdAt
+          createdAt,
+          isActive
         }) => ({
           id,
           userId,
           projectId,
-          user: { email, username, firstName, lastName, id: userId, publicKey, isGhost },
+          user: {
+            email,
+            username,
+            firstName,
+            lastName,
+            id: userId,
+            publicKey,
+            isGhost,
+            isOrgMembershipActive: isActive
+          },
           project: {
             id: projectId,
             name: projectName

backend/src/services/project-membership/project-membership-service.ts

@@ -97,7 +97,6 @@ export const projectMembershipServiceFactory = ({
 
     const projectMembers = await projectMembershipDAL.findAllProjectMembers(projectId, { roles });
 
-    // projectMembers[0].project
     if (includeGroupMembers) {
       const groupMembers = await groupProjectDAL.findAllProjectGroupMembers(projectId);
       const allMembers = [

backend/src/services/secret-folder/secret-folder-service.ts

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import {
   TDeleteFolderDTO,
   TDeleteManyFoldersDTO,
   TGetFolderByIdDTO,
+  TGetFolderByPathDTO,
   TGetFolderDTO,
   TGetFoldersDeepByEnvsDTO,
   TUpdateFolderDTO,
@@ -1398,6 +1399,31 @@ export const secretFolderServiceFactory = ({
     };
   };
 
+  const getFolderByPath = async (
+    { projectId, environment, secretPath }: TGetFolderByPathDTO,
+    actor: OrgServiceActor
+  ) => {
+    // folder check is allowed to be read by anyone
+    // permission is to check if user has access
+    await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+      actor: actor.type,
+      actorId: actor.id,
+      projectId,
+      actorAuthMethod: actor.authMethod,
+      actorOrgId: actor.orgId,
+      actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SecretManager
+    });
+
+    const folder = await folderDAL.findBySecretPath(projectId, environment, secretPath);
+
+    if (!folder)
+      throw new NotFoundError({
+        message: `Could not find folder with path "${secretPath}" in environment "${environment}" for project with ID "${projectId}"`
+      });
+
+    return folder;
+  };
+
   return {
     createFolder,
     updateFolder,
@@ -1405,6 +1431,7 @@ export const secretFolderServiceFactory = ({
     deleteFolder,
     getFolders,
     getFolderById,
+    getFolderByPath,
     getProjectFolderCount,
     getFoldersMultiEnv,
     getFoldersDeepByEnvs,

backend/src/services/secret-folder/secret-folder-types.ts

@@ -91,3 +91,9 @@ export type TDeleteManyFoldersDTO = {
     idOrName: string;
   }>;
 };
+
+export type TGetFolderByPathDTO = {
+  projectId: string;
+  environment: string;
+  secretPath: string;
+};

backend/src/services/secret-sync/checkly/checkly-sync-fns.ts

@@ -23,56 +23,120 @@ export const ChecklySyncFns = {
 
     const config = secretSync.destinationConfig;
 
-    const variables = await ChecklyPublicAPI.getVariables(secretSync.connection, config.accountId);
+    if (config.groupId) {
+      // Handle group environment variables
+      const groupVars = await ChecklyPublicAPI.getCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(
+        secretSync.connection,
+        config.accountId,
+        config.groupId
+      );
 
-    const checklySecrets = Object.fromEntries(variables!.map((variable) => [variable.key, variable]));
+      const checklyGroupSecrets = Object.fromEntries(groupVars.map((variable) => [variable.key, variable]));
 
-    for await (const key of Object.keys(secretMap)) {
-      try {
+      // Prepare all variables to update at once
+      const updatedVariables = { ...checklyGroupSecrets };
+
+      for (const key of Object.keys(secretMap)) {
         const entry = secretMap[key];
 
-        // If value is empty, we skip the upsert - checkly does not allow empty values
+        // If value is empty, we skip adding it - checkly does not allow empty values
         if (entry.value.trim() === "") {
-          // Delete the secret from Checkly if its empty
+          // Delete the secret from the group if it's empty
           if (!disableSecretDeletion) {
-            await ChecklyPublicAPI.deleteVariable(secretSync.connection, config.accountId, {
-              key
-            });
+            delete updatedVariables[key];
           }
           continue; // Skip empty values
         }
 
-        await ChecklyPublicAPI.upsertVariable(secretSync.connection, config.accountId, {
+        // Add or update the variable
+        updatedVariables[key] = {
           key,
           value: entry.value,
-          secret: true,
           locked: true
-        });
+        };
+      }
+
+      // Remove secrets that are not in the secretMap if deletion is enabled
+      if (!disableSecretDeletion) {
+        for (const key of Object.keys(checklyGroupSecrets)) {
+          // eslint-disable-next-line no-continue
+          if (!matchesSchema(key, environment?.slug || "", keySchema)) continue;
+
+          if (!secretMap[key]) {
+            delete updatedVariables[key];
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Update all group environment variables at once
+      try {
+        await ChecklyPublicAPI.updateCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(
+          secretSync.connection,
+          config.accountId,
+          config.groupId,
+          Object.values(updatedVariables)
+        );
       } catch (error) {
+        if (error instanceof SecretSyncError) throw error;
+
         throw new SecretSyncError({
           error,
-          secretKey: key
+          secretKey: "group_update"
         });
       }
-    }
+    } else {
+      // Handle global variables (existing logic)
+      const variables = await ChecklyPublicAPI.getVariables(secretSync.connection, config.accountId);
 
-    if (disableSecretDeletion) return;
+      const checklySecrets = Object.fromEntries(variables!.map((variable) => [variable.key, variable]));
 
-    for await (const key of Object.keys(checklySecrets)) {
-      try {
-        // eslint-disable-next-line no-continue
-        if (!matchesSchema(key, environment?.slug || "", keySchema)) continue;
+      for await (const key of Object.keys(secretMap)) {
+        try {
+          const entry = secretMap[key];
 
-        if (!secretMap[key]) {
-          await ChecklyPublicAPI.deleteVariable(secretSync.connection, config.accountId, {
-            key
+          // If value is empty, we skip the upsert - checkly does not allow empty values
+          if (entry.value.trim() === "") {
+            // Delete the secret from Checkly if its empty
+            if (!disableSecretDeletion) {
+              await ChecklyPublicAPI.deleteVariable(secretSync.connection, config.accountId, {
+                key
+              });
+            }
+            continue; // Skip empty values
+          }
+
+          await ChecklyPublicAPI.upsertVariable(secretSync.connection, config.accountId, {
+            key,
+            value: entry.value,
+            secret: true,
+            locked: true
+          });
+        } catch (error) {
+          throw new SecretSyncError({
+            error,
+            secretKey: key
+          });
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (disableSecretDeletion) return;
+
+      for await (const key of Object.keys(checklySecrets)) {
+        try {
+          // eslint-disable-next-line no-continue
+          if (!matchesSchema(key, environment?.slug || "", keySchema)) continue;
+
+          if (!secretMap[key]) {
+            await ChecklyPublicAPI.deleteVariable(secretSync.connection, config.accountId, {
+              key
+            });
+          }
+        } catch (error) {
+          throw new SecretSyncError({
+            error,
+            secretKey: key
           });
         }
-      } catch (error) {
-        throw new SecretSyncError({
-          error,
-          secretKey: key
-        });
       }
     }
   },
@@ -80,23 +144,54 @@ export const ChecklySyncFns = {
   async removeSecrets(secretSync: TChecklySyncWithCredentials, secretMap: TSecretMap) {
     const config = secretSync.destinationConfig;
 
-    const variables = await ChecklyPublicAPI.getVariables(secretSync.connection, config.accountId);
+    if (config.groupId) {
+      // Handle group environment variables
+      const groupVars = await ChecklyPublicAPI.getCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(
+        secretSync.connection,
+        config.accountId,
+        config.groupId
+      );
 
-    const checklySecrets = Object.fromEntries(variables!.map((variable) => [variable.key, variable]));
+      const checklyGroupSecrets = Object.fromEntries(groupVars.map((variable) => [variable.key, variable]));
+
+      // Filter out the secrets to remove
+      const remainingVariables = Object.keys(checklyGroupSecrets)
+        .filter((key) => !(key in secretMap))
+        .map((key) => checklyGroupSecrets[key]);
 
-    for await (const secret of Object.keys(checklySecrets)) {
       try {
-        if (secret in secretMap) {
-          await ChecklyPublicAPI.deleteVariable(secretSync.connection, config.accountId, {
-            key: secret
-          });
-        }
+        await ChecklyPublicAPI.updateCheckGroupEnvironmentVariables(
+          secretSync.connection,
+          config.accountId,
+          config.groupId,
+          remainingVariables
+        );
       } catch (error) {
         throw new SecretSyncError({
           error,
-          secretKey: secret
+          secretKey: "group_remove"
         });
       }
+    } else {
+      // Handle global variables (existing logic)
+      const variables = await ChecklyPublicAPI.getVariables(secretSync.connection, config.accountId);
+
+      const checklySecrets = Object.fromEntries(variables!.map((variable) => [variable.key, variable]));
+
+      for await (const secret of Object.keys(checklySecrets)) {
+        try {
+          if (secret in secretMap) {
+            await ChecklyPublicAPI.deleteVariable(secretSync.connection, config.accountId, {
+              key: secret
+            });
+          }
+        } catch (error) {
+          throw new SecretSyncError({
+            error,
+            secretKey: secret
+          });
+        }
+      }
     }
   }
 };

backend/src/services/secret-sync/checkly/checkly-sync-schemas.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,17 @@ import { TSyncOptionsConfig } from "@app/services/secret-sync/secret-sync-types"
 
 const ChecklySyncDestinationConfigSchema = z.object({
   accountId: z.string().min(1, "Account ID is required").max(255, "Account ID must be less than 255 characters"),
-  accountName: z.string().min(1, "Account Name is required").max(255, "Account ID must be less than 255 characters")
+  accountName: z
+    .string()
+    .min(1, "Account Name is required")
+    .max(255, "Account ID must be less than 255 characters")
+    .optional(),
+  groupId: z.string().min(1, "Group ID is required").max(255, "Group ID must be less than 255 characters").optional(),
+  groupName: z
+    .string()
+    .min(1, "Group Name is required")
+    .max(255, "Group Name must be less than 255 characters")
+    .optional()
 });
 
 const ChecklySyncOptionsConfig: TSyncOptionsConfig = { canImportSecrets: false };

backend/src/services/secret-sync/github/github-sync-fns.ts

@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ export const GithubSyncFns = {
     const token =
       connection.method === GitHubConnectionMethod.OAuth
         ? connection.credentials.accessToken
-        : await getGitHubAppAuthToken(connection);
+        : await getGitHubAppAuthToken(connection, gatewayService);
 
     const encryptedSecrets = await getEncryptedSecrets(secretSync, gatewayService, gatewayV2Service);
     const publicKey = await getPublicKey(secretSync, gatewayService, gatewayV2Service, token);
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ export const GithubSyncFns = {
     const token =
       connection.method === GitHubConnectionMethod.OAuth
         ? connection.credentials.accessToken
-        : await getGitHubAppAuthToken(connection);
+        : await getGitHubAppAuthToken(connection, gatewayService);
 
     const encryptedSecrets = await getEncryptedSecrets(secretSync, gatewayService, gatewayV2Service);
 

backend/src/services/secret-sync/hc-vault/hc-vault-sync-fns.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 import { isAxiosError } from "axios";
 
-import { request } from "@app/lib/config/request";
+import { TGatewayServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/gateway/gateway-service";
 import { removeTrailingSlash } from "@app/lib/fn";
-import { blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses } from "@app/lib/validator";
-import { getHCVaultAccessToken, getHCVaultInstanceUrl } from "@app/services/app-connection/hc-vault";
+import {
+  getHCVaultAccessToken,
+  getHCVaultInstanceUrl,
+  requestWithHCVaultGateway,
+  THCVaultConnection
+} from "@app/services/app-connection/hc-vault";
 import {
   THCVaultListVariables,
   THCVaultListVariablesResponse,
@@ -14,19 +18,20 @@ import { SecretSyncError } from "@app/services/secret-sync/secret-sync-errors";
 import { matchesSchema } from "@app/services/secret-sync/secret-sync-fns";
 import { TSecretMap } from "@app/services/secret-sync/secret-sync-types";
 
-const listHCVaultVariables = async ({ instanceUrl, namespace, mount, accessToken, path }: THCVaultListVariables) => {
-  await blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses(instanceUrl);
-
+const listHCVaultVariables = async (
+  { instanceUrl, namespace, mount, accessToken, path }: THCVaultListVariables,
+  connection: THCVaultConnection,
+  gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+) => {
   try {
-    const { data } = await request.get<THCVaultListVariablesResponse>(
-      `${instanceUrl}/v1/${removeTrailingSlash(mount)}/data/${path}`,
-      {
-        headers: {
-          "X-Vault-Token": accessToken,
-          ...(namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": namespace } : {})
-        }
+    const { data } = await requestWithHCVaultGateway<THCVaultListVariablesResponse>(connection, gatewayService, {
+      url: `${instanceUrl}/v1/${removeTrailingSlash(mount)}/data/${path}`,
+      method: "GET",
+      headers: {
+        "X-Vault-Token": accessToken,
+        ...(namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": namespace } : {})
       }
-    );
+    });
 
     return data.data.data;
   } catch (error: unknown) {
@@ -39,33 +44,29 @@ const listHCVaultVariables = async ({ instanceUrl, namespace, mount, accessToken
 };
 
 // Hashicorp Vault updates all variables in one batch. This is to respect their versioning
-const updateHCVaultVariables = async ({
-  path,
-  instanceUrl,
-  namespace,
-  accessToken,
-  mount,
-  data
-}: TPostHCVaultVariable) => {
-  await blockLocalAndPrivateIpAddresses(instanceUrl);
-
-  return request.post(
-    `${instanceUrl}/v1/${removeTrailingSlash(mount)}/data/${path}`,
-    {
-      data
+const updateHCVaultVariables = async (
+  { path, instanceUrl, namespace, accessToken, mount, data }: TPostHCVaultVariable,
+  connection: THCVaultConnection,
+  gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+) => {
+  return requestWithHCVaultGateway(connection, gatewayService, {
+    url: `${instanceUrl}/v1/${removeTrailingSlash(mount)}/data/${path}`,
+    method: "POST",
+    headers: {
+      "X-Vault-Token": accessToken,
+      ...(namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": namespace } : {}),
+      "Content-Type": "application/json"
     },
-    {
-      headers: {
-        "X-Vault-Token": accessToken,
-        ...(namespace ? { "X-Vault-Namespace": namespace } : {}),
-        "Content-Type": "application/json"
-      }
-    }
-  );
+    data: { data }
+  });
 };
 
 export const HCVaultSyncFns = {
-  syncSecrets: async (secretSync: THCVaultSyncWithCredentials, secretMap: TSecretMap) => {
+  syncSecrets: async (
+    secretSync: THCVaultSyncWithCredentials,
+    secretMap: TSecretMap,
+    gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+  ) => {
     const {
       connection,
       environment,
@@ -74,16 +75,20 @@ export const HCVaultSyncFns = {
     } = secretSync;
 
     const { namespace } = connection.credentials;
-    const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(connection);
+    const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(connection, gatewayService);
     const instanceUrl = await getHCVaultInstanceUrl(connection);
 
-    const variables = await listHCVaultVariables({
-      instanceUrl,
-      accessToken,
-      namespace,
-      mount,
-      path
-    });
+    const variables = await listHCVaultVariables(
+      {
+        instanceUrl,
+        accessToken,
+        namespace,
+        mount,
+        path
+      },
+      connection,
+      gatewayService
+    );
     let tainted = false;
 
     for (const entry of Object.entries(secretMap)) {
@@ -110,24 +115,36 @@ export const HCVaultSyncFns = {
     if (!tainted) return;
 
     try {
-      await updateHCVaultVariables({ accessToken, instanceUrl, namespace, mount, path, data: variables });
+      await updateHCVaultVariables(
+        { accessToken, instanceUrl, namespace, mount, path, data: variables },
+        connection,
+        gatewayService
+      );
     } catch (error) {
       throw new SecretSyncError({
         error
       });
     }
   },
-  removeSecrets: async (secretSync: THCVaultSyncWithCredentials, secretMap: TSecretMap) => {
+  removeSecrets: async (
+    secretSync: THCVaultSyncWithCredentials,
+    secretMap: TSecretMap,
+    gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+  ) => {
     const {
       connection,
       destinationConfig: { mount, path }
     } = secretSync;
 
     const { namespace } = connection.credentials;
-    const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(connection);
+    const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(connection, gatewayService);
     const instanceUrl = await getHCVaultInstanceUrl(connection);
 
-    const variables = await listHCVaultVariables({ instanceUrl, namespace, accessToken, mount, path });
+    const variables = await listHCVaultVariables(
+      { instanceUrl, namespace, accessToken, mount, path },
+      connection,
+      gatewayService
+    );
 
     for await (const [key] of Object.entries(variables)) {
       if (key in secretMap) {
@@ -136,30 +153,41 @@ export const HCVaultSyncFns = {
     }
 
     try {
-      await updateHCVaultVariables({ accessToken, instanceUrl, namespace, mount, path, data: variables });
+      await updateHCVaultVariables(
+        { accessToken, instanceUrl, namespace, mount, path, data: variables },
+        connection,
+        gatewayService
+      );
     } catch (error) {
       throw new SecretSyncError({
         error
       });
     }
   },
-  getSecrets: async (secretSync: THCVaultSyncWithCredentials) => {
+  getSecrets: async (
+    secretSync: THCVaultSyncWithCredentials,
+    gatewayService: Pick<TGatewayServiceFactory, "fnGetGatewayClientTlsByGatewayId">
+  ) => {
     const {
       connection,
       destinationConfig: { mount, path }
     } = secretSync;
 
     const { namespace } = connection.credentials;
-    const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(connection);
+    const accessToken = await getHCVaultAccessToken(connection, gatewayService);
     const instanceUrl = await getHCVaultInstanceUrl(connection);
 
-    const variables = await listHCVaultVariables({
-      instanceUrl,
-      namespace,
-      accessToken,
-      mount,
-      path
-    });
+    const variables = await listHCVaultVariables(
+      {
+        instanceUrl,
+        namespace,
+        accessToken,
+        mount,
+        path
+      },
+      connection,
+      gatewayService
+    );
 
     return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(variables).map(([key, value]) => [key, { value }]));
   }

backend/src/services/secret-sync/secret-sync-fns.ts

@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ export const SecretSyncFns = {
       case SecretSync.Windmill:
         return WindmillSyncFns.syncSecrets(secretSync, schemaSecretMap);
       case SecretSync.HCVault:
-        return HCVaultSyncFns.syncSecrets(secretSync, schemaSecretMap);
+        return HCVaultSyncFns.syncSecrets(secretSync, schemaSecretMap, gatewayService);
       case SecretSync.TeamCity:
         return TeamCitySyncFns.syncSecrets(secretSync, schemaSecretMap);
       case SecretSync.OCIVault:
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ export const SecretSyncFns = {
   },
   getSecrets: async (
     secretSync: TSecretSyncWithCredentials,
-    { kmsService, appConnectionDAL }: TSyncSecretDeps
+    { kmsService, appConnectionDAL, gatewayService }: TSyncSecretDeps
   ): Promise<TSecretMap> => {
     let secretMap: TSecretMap;
     switch (secretSync.destination) {
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ export const SecretSyncFns = {
         secretMap = await WindmillSyncFns.getSecrets(secretSync);
         break;
       case SecretSync.HCVault:
-        secretMap = await HCVaultSyncFns.getSecrets(secretSync);
+        secretMap = await HCVaultSyncFns.getSecrets(secretSync, gatewayService);
         break;
       case SecretSync.TeamCity:
         secretMap = await TeamCitySyncFns.getSecrets(secretSync);
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ export const SecretSyncFns = {
       case SecretSync.Windmill:
         return WindmillSyncFns.removeSecrets(secretSync, schemaSecretMap);
       case SecretSync.HCVault:
-        return HCVaultSyncFns.removeSecrets(secretSync, schemaSecretMap);
+        return HCVaultSyncFns.removeSecrets(secretSync, schemaSecretMap, gatewayService);
       case SecretSync.TeamCity:
         return TeamCitySyncFns.removeSecrets(secretSync, schemaSecretMap);
       case SecretSync.OCIVault:

backend/src/services/secret-v2-bridge/secret-v2-bridge-dal.ts

@@ -684,9 +684,9 @@ export const secretV2BridgeDALFactory = ({ db, keyStore }: TSecretV2DalArg) => {
               throw new BadRequestError({ message: "Missing personal user id" });
             }
             void bd.orWhere({
-              key: el.key,
-              type: el.type,
-              userId: el.type === SecretType.Personal ? el.userId : null
+              [`${TableName.SecretV2}.key` as "key"]: el.key,
+              [`${TableName.SecretV2}.type` as "type"]: el.type,
+              [`${TableName.SecretV2}.userId` as "userId"]: el.type === SecretType.Personal ? el.userId : null
             });
           });
         })
@@ -695,12 +695,60 @@ export const secretV2BridgeDALFactory = ({ db, keyStore }: TSecretV2DalArg) => {
           `${TableName.SecretV2}.id`,
           `${TableName.SecretRotationV2SecretMapping}.secretId`
         )
+
+        .leftJoin(
+          TableName.SecretV2JnTag,
+          `${TableName.SecretV2}.id`,
+          `${TableName.SecretV2JnTag}.${TableName.SecretV2}Id`
+        )
+        .leftJoin(
+          TableName.SecretTag,
+          `${TableName.SecretV2JnTag}.${TableName.SecretTag}Id`,
+          `${TableName.SecretTag}.id`
+        )
+        .leftJoin(TableName.ResourceMetadata, `${TableName.SecretV2}.id`, `${TableName.ResourceMetadata}.secretId`)
+        .select(db.ref("id").withSchema(TableName.SecretTag).as("tagId"))
+        .select(db.ref("color").withSchema(TableName.SecretTag).as("tagColor"))
+        .select(db.ref("slug").withSchema(TableName.SecretTag).as("tagSlug"))
+        .select(
+          db.ref("id").withSchema(TableName.ResourceMetadata).as("metadataId"),
+          db.ref("key").withSchema(TableName.ResourceMetadata).as("metadataKey"),
+          db.ref("value").withSchema(TableName.ResourceMetadata).as("metadataValue")
+        )
         .select(selectAllTableCols(TableName.SecretV2))
         .select(db.ref("rotationId").withSchema(TableName.SecretRotationV2SecretMapping));
-      return secrets.map((secret) => ({
-        ...secret,
-        isRotatedSecret: Boolean(secret.rotationId)
-      }));
+
+      const docs = sqlNestRelationships({
+        data: secrets,
+        key: "id",
+        parentMapper: (secret) => ({
+          ...secret,
+          isRotatedSecret: Boolean(secret.rotationId)
+        }),
+        childrenMapper: [
+          {
+            key: "tagId",
+            label: "tags" as const,
+            mapper: ({ tagId: id, tagColor: color, tagSlug: slug }) => ({
+              id,
+              color,
+              slug,
+              name: slug
+            })
+          },
+          {
+            key: "metadataId",
+            label: "secretMetadata" as const,
+            mapper: ({ metadataKey, metadataValue, metadataId }) => ({
+              id: metadataId,
+              key: metadataKey,
+              value: metadataValue
+            })
+          }
+        ]
+      });
+
+      return docs;
     } catch (error) {
       throw new DatabaseError({ error, name: "find by secret keys" });
     }

backend/src/services/secret-v2-bridge/secret-v2-bridge-service.ts

@@ -1074,12 +1074,22 @@ export const secretV2BridgeServiceFactory = ({
         currentPath: path
       });
 
-      if (!deepPaths) return { secrets: [], imports: [] };
+      if (!deepPaths?.length) {
+        throw new NotFoundError({
+          message: `Folder with path '${path}' in environment '${environment}' was not found. Please ensure the environment slug and secret path is correct.`,
+          name: "SecretPathNotFound"
+        });
+      }
 
       paths = deepPaths.map(({ folderId, path: p }) => ({ folderId, path: p }));
     } else {
       const folder = await folderDAL.findBySecretPath(projectId, environment, path);
-      if (!folder) return { secrets: [], imports: [] };
+      if (!folder) {
+        throw new NotFoundError({
+          message: `Folder with path '${path}' in environment '${environment}' was not found. Please ensure the environment slug and secret path is correct.`,
+          name: "SecretPathNotFound"
+        });
+      }
 
       paths = [{ folderId: folder.id, path }];
     }

backend/src/services/secret/secret-service.ts

@@ -637,7 +637,12 @@ export const secretServiceFactory = ({
         }
       });
 
-      if (!deepPaths) return { secrets: [], imports: [] };
+      if (!deepPaths?.length) {
+        throw new NotFoundError({
+          message: `Folder with path '${path}' in environment '${environment}' was not found. Please ensure the environment slug and secret path is correct.`,
+          name: "SecretPathNotFound"
+        });
+      }
 
       paths = deepPaths.map(({ folderId, path: p }) => ({ folderId, path: p }));
     } else {
@@ -647,7 +652,12 @@ export const secretServiceFactory = ({
       });
 
       const folder = await folderDAL.findBySecretPath(projectId, environment, path);
-      if (!folder) return { secrets: [], imports: [] };
+      if (!folder) {
+        throw new NotFoundError({
+          message: `Folder with path '${path}' in environment '${environment}' was not found. Please ensure the environment slug and secret path is correct.`,
+          name: "SecretPathNotFound"
+        });
+      }
 
       paths = [{ folderId: folder.id, path }];
     }

backend/src/services/user/user-service.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { ForbiddenError } from "@casl/ability";
 
 import { OrgPermissionActions, OrgPermissionSubjects } from "@app/ee/services/permission/org-permission";
 import { TPermissionServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/permission/permission-service-types";
+import { crypto } from "@app/lib/crypto";
 import { BadRequestError, ForbiddenRequestError, NotFoundError } from "@app/lib/errors";
 import { logger } from "@app/lib/logger";
 import { TAuthTokenServiceFactory } from "@app/services/auth-token/auth-token-service";
@@ -9,9 +10,10 @@ import { TokenType } from "@app/services/auth-token/auth-token-types";
 import { TOrgMembershipDALFactory } from "@app/services/org-membership/org-membership-dal";
 import { SmtpTemplates, TSmtpService } from "@app/services/smtp/smtp-service";
 
-import { AuthMethod } from "../auth/auth-type";
+import { AuthMethod, AuthTokenType } from "../auth/auth-type";
 import { TGroupProjectDALFactory } from "../group-project/group-project-dal";
 import { TProjectMembershipDALFactory } from "../project-membership/project-membership-dal";
+import { TUserAliasDALFactory } from "../user-alias/user-alias-dal";
 import { TUserDALFactory } from "./user-dal";
 import { TListUserGroupsDTO, TUpdateUserMfaDTO } from "./user-types";
 
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@ type TUserServiceFactoryDep = {
   projectMembershipDAL: Pick<TProjectMembershipDALFactory, "find">;
   smtpService: Pick<TSmtpService, "sendMail">;
   permissionService: TPermissionServiceFactory;
+  userAliasDAL: Pick<TUserAliasDALFactory, "findOne" | "find" | "updateById">;
 };
 
 export type TUserServiceFactory = ReturnType<typeof userServiceFactory>;
@@ -48,22 +51,38 @@ export const userServiceFactory = ({
   groupProjectDAL,
   tokenService,
   smtpService,
-  permissionService
+  permissionService,
+  userAliasDAL
 }: TUserServiceFactoryDep) => {
-  const sendEmailVerificationCode = async (username: string) => {
+  const sendEmailVerificationCode = async (token: string) => {
+    const { authType, aliasId, username, authTokenType } = crypto.jwt().decode(token) as {
+      authType: string;
+      aliasId?: string;
+      username: string;
+      authTokenType: AuthTokenType;
+    };
+    if (authTokenType !== AuthTokenType.PROVIDER_TOKEN) throw new BadRequestError({ name: "Invalid auth token type" });
+
     // akhilmhdh: case sensitive email resolution
     const users = await userDAL.findUserByUsername(username);
     const user = users?.length > 1 ? users.find((el) => el.username === username) : users?.[0];
     if (!user) throw new NotFoundError({ name: `User with username '${username}' not found` });
+    let { isEmailVerified } = user;
+    if (aliasId) {
+      const userAlias = await userAliasDAL.findOne({ userId: user.id, aliasType: authType, id: aliasId });
+      if (!userAlias) throw new NotFoundError({ name: `User alias with ID '${aliasId}' not found` });
+      isEmailVerified = userAlias.isEmailVerified;
+    }
 
     if (!user.email)
       throw new BadRequestError({ name: "Failed to send email verification code due to no email on user" });
-    if (user.isEmailVerified)
+    if (isEmailVerified)
       throw new BadRequestError({ name: "Failed to send email verification code due to email already verified" });
 
-    const token = await tokenService.createTokenForUser({
+    const userToken = await tokenService.createTokenForUser({
       type: TokenType.TOKEN_EMAIL_VERIFICATION,
-      userId: user.id
+      userId: user.id,
+      aliasId
     });
 
     await smtpService.sendMail({
@@ -71,7 +90,7 @@ export const userServiceFactory = ({
       subjectLine: "Infisical confirmation code",
       recipients: [user.email],
       substitutions: {
-        code: token
+        code: userToken
       }
     });
   };
@@ -95,15 +114,21 @@ export const userServiceFactory = ({
     if (!user) throw new NotFoundError({ name: `User with username '${username}' not found` });
     if (!user.email)
       throw new BadRequestError({ name: "Failed to verify email verification code due to no email on user" });
-    if (user.isEmailVerified)
-      throw new BadRequestError({ name: "Failed to verify email verification code due to email already verified" });
 
-    await tokenService.validateTokenForUser({
+    const token = await tokenService.validateTokenForUser({
       type: TokenType.TOKEN_EMAIL_VERIFICATION,
       userId: user.id,
       code
     });
 
+    if (token?.aliasId) {
+      const userAlias = await userAliasDAL.findOne({ userId: user.id, id: token.aliasId });
+      if (!userAlias) throw new NotFoundError({ name: `User alias with ID '${token.aliasId}' not found` });
+      if (userAlias?.isEmailVerified)
+        throw new BadRequestError({ name: "Failed to verify email verification code due to email already verified" });
+
+      await userAliasDAL.updateById(token.aliasId, { isEmailVerified: true });
+    }
     const userEmails = user?.email ? await userDAL.find({ email: user.email }) : [];
 
     await userDAL.updateById(user.id, {