Merge pull request #3347 from Infisical/ssh-host-key-signing-docs2

Infisical SSH - V2

.infisicalignore

@@ -14,3 +14,11 @@ docs/self-hosting/guides/automated-bootstrapping.mdx:jwt:74
 frontend/src/pages/secret-manager/SecretDashboardPage/components/SecretListView/SecretDetailSidebar.tsx:generic-api-key:72
 k8-operator/config/samples/crd/pushsecret/source-secret-with-templating.yaml:private-key:11
 k8-operator/config/samples/crd/pushsecret/push-secret-with-template.yaml:private-key:52
+backend/src/ee/services/secret-rotation-v2/secret-rotation-v2-types.ts:generic-api-key:125
+frontend/src/components/permissions/AccessTree/nodes/RoleNode.tsx:generic-api-key:67
+frontend/src/components/secret-rotations-v2/RotateSecretRotationV2Modal.tsx:generic-api-key:14
+frontend/src/components/secret-rotations-v2/SecretRotationV2StatusBadge.tsx:generic-api-key:11
+frontend/src/components/secret-rotations-v2/ViewSecretRotationV2GeneratedCredentials/ViewSecretRotationV2GeneratedCredentials.tsx:generic-api-key:23
+frontend/src/hooks/api/secretRotationsV2/types/index.ts:generic-api-key:28
+frontend/src/hooks/api/secretRotationsV2/types/index.ts:generic-api-key:65
+frontend/src/pages/secret-manager/SecretDashboardPage/components/SecretRotationListView/SecretRotationItem.tsx:generic-api-key:26

backend/src/@types/fastify.d.ts

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import { TSecretScanningServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/secret-scanning/
 import { TSecretSnapshotServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/secret-snapshot/secret-snapshot-service";
 import { TSshCertificateAuthorityServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-service";
 import { TSshCertificateTemplateServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate-template/ssh-certificate-template-service";
+import { TSshHostServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-service";
 import { TTrustedIpServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/trusted-ip/trusted-ip-service";
 import { TAuthMode } from "@app/server/plugins/auth/inject-identity";
 import { TApiKeyServiceFactory } from "@app/services/api-key/api-key-service";
@@ -206,6 +207,7 @@ declare module "fastify" {
       certificateTemplate: TCertificateTemplateServiceFactory;
       sshCertificateAuthority: TSshCertificateAuthorityServiceFactory;
       sshCertificateTemplate: TSshCertificateTemplateServiceFactory;
+      sshHost: TSshHostServiceFactory;
       certificateAuthority: TCertificateAuthorityServiceFactory;
       certificateAuthorityCrl: TCertificateAuthorityCrlServiceFactory;
       certificateEst: TCertificateEstServiceFactory;

backend/src/@types/knex.d.ts

@@ -232,6 +232,9 @@ import {
   TProjectSplitBackfillIds,
   TProjectSplitBackfillIdsInsert,
   TProjectSplitBackfillIdsUpdate,
+  TProjectSshConfigs,
+  TProjectSshConfigsInsert,
+  TProjectSshConfigsUpdate,
   TProjectsUpdate,
   TProjectTemplates,
   TProjectTemplatesInsert,
@@ -380,6 +383,15 @@ import {
   TSshCertificateTemplates,
   TSshCertificateTemplatesInsert,
   TSshCertificateTemplatesUpdate,
+  TSshHostLoginUserMappings,
+  TSshHostLoginUserMappingsInsert,
+  TSshHostLoginUserMappingsUpdate,
+  TSshHostLoginUsers,
+  TSshHostLoginUsersInsert,
+  TSshHostLoginUsersUpdate,
+  TSshHosts,
+  TSshHostsInsert,
+  TSshHostsUpdate,
   TSuperAdmin,
   TSuperAdminInsert,
   TSuperAdminUpdate,
@@ -425,6 +437,7 @@ declare module "knex/types/tables" {
   interface Tables {
     [TableName.Users]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<TUsers, TUsersInsert, TUsersUpdate>;
     [TableName.Groups]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<TGroups, TGroupsInsert, TGroupsUpdate>;
+    [TableName.SshHost]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<TSshHosts, TSshHostsInsert, TSshHostsUpdate>;
     [TableName.SshCertificateAuthority]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<
       TSshCertificateAuthorities,
       TSshCertificateAuthoritiesInsert,
@@ -450,6 +463,16 @@ declare module "knex/types/tables" {
       TSshCertificateBodiesInsert,
       TSshCertificateBodiesUpdate
     >;
+    [TableName.SshHostLoginUser]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<
+      TSshHostLoginUsers,
+      TSshHostLoginUsersInsert,
+      TSshHostLoginUsersUpdate
+    >;
+    [TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<
+      TSshHostLoginUserMappings,
+      TSshHostLoginUserMappingsInsert,
+      TSshHostLoginUserMappingsUpdate
+    >;
     [TableName.CertificateAuthority]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<
       TCertificateAuthorities,
       TCertificateAuthoritiesInsert,
@@ -554,6 +577,11 @@ declare module "knex/types/tables" {
     [TableName.SuperAdmin]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<TSuperAdmin, TSuperAdminInsert, TSuperAdminUpdate>;
     [TableName.ApiKey]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<TApiKeys, TApiKeysInsert, TApiKeysUpdate>;
     [TableName.Project]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<TProjects, TProjectsInsert, TProjectsUpdate>;
+    [TableName.ProjectSshConfig]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<
+      TProjectSshConfigs,
+      TProjectSshConfigsInsert,
+      TProjectSshConfigsUpdate
+    >;
     [TableName.ProjectMembership]: KnexOriginal.CompositeTableType<
       TProjectMemberships,
       TProjectMembershipsInsert,

backend/src/db/migrations/20250404022310_ssh-ca-key-source.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { Knex } from "knex";
+
+import { TableName } from "../schemas";
+
+export async function up(knex: Knex): Promise<void> {
+  if (!(await knex.schema.hasColumn(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority, "keySource"))) {
+    await knex.schema.alterTable(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority, (t) => {
+      t.string("keySource");
+    });
+
+    // Backfilling the keySource to internal
+    await knex(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority).update({ keySource: "internal" });
+
+    await knex.schema.alterTable(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority, (t) => {
+      t.string("keySource").notNullable().alter();
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (await knex.schema.hasColumn(TableName.SshCertificate, "sshCaId")) {
+    await knex.schema.alterTable(TableName.SshCertificate, (t) => {
+      t.uuid("sshCaId").nullable().alter();
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+export async function down(knex: Knex): Promise<void> {
+  if (await knex.schema.hasColumn(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority, "keySource")) {
+    await knex.schema.alterTable(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority, (t) => {
+      t.dropColumn("keySource");
+    });
+  }
+}

backend/src/db/migrations/20250405185753_ssh-mgmt-v2.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+import { Knex } from "knex";
+
+import { TableName } from "../schemas";
+import { createOnUpdateTrigger, dropOnUpdateTrigger } from "../utils";
+
+export async function up(knex: Knex): Promise<void> {
+  if (!(await knex.schema.hasTable(TableName.SshHost))) {
+    await knex.schema.createTable(TableName.SshHost, (t) => {
+      t.uuid("id", { primaryKey: true }).defaultTo(knex.fn.uuid());
+      t.timestamps(true, true, true);
+      t.string("projectId").notNullable();
+      t.foreign("projectId").references("id").inTable(TableName.Project).onDelete("CASCADE");
+      t.string("hostname").notNullable();
+      t.string("userCertTtl").notNullable();
+      t.string("hostCertTtl").notNullable();
+      t.uuid("userSshCaId").notNullable();
+      t.foreign("userSshCaId").references("id").inTable(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority).onDelete("CASCADE");
+      t.uuid("hostSshCaId").notNullable();
+      t.foreign("hostSshCaId").references("id").inTable(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority).onDelete("CASCADE");
+      t.unique(["projectId", "hostname"]);
+    });
+    await createOnUpdateTrigger(knex, TableName.SshHost);
+  }
+
+  if (!(await knex.schema.hasTable(TableName.SshHostLoginUser))) {
+    await knex.schema.createTable(TableName.SshHostLoginUser, (t) => {
+      t.uuid("id", { primaryKey: true }).defaultTo(knex.fn.uuid());
+      t.timestamps(true, true, true);
+      t.uuid("sshHostId").notNullable();
+      t.foreign("sshHostId").references("id").inTable(TableName.SshHost).onDelete("CASCADE");
+      t.string("loginUser").notNullable(); // e.g. ubuntu, root, ec2-user, ...
+      t.unique(["sshHostId", "loginUser"]);
+    });
+    await createOnUpdateTrigger(knex, TableName.SshHostLoginUser);
+  }
+
+  if (!(await knex.schema.hasTable(TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping))) {
+    await knex.schema.createTable(TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping, (t) => {
+      t.uuid("id", { primaryKey: true }).defaultTo(knex.fn.uuid());
+      t.timestamps(true, true, true);
+      t.uuid("sshHostLoginUserId").notNullable();
+      t.foreign("sshHostLoginUserId").references("id").inTable(TableName.SshHostLoginUser).onDelete("CASCADE");
+      t.uuid("userId").nullable();
+      t.foreign("userId").references("id").inTable(TableName.Users).onDelete("CASCADE");
+      t.unique(["sshHostLoginUserId", "userId"]);
+    });
+    await createOnUpdateTrigger(knex, TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping);
+  }
+
+  if (!(await knex.schema.hasTable(TableName.ProjectSshConfig))) {
+    // new table to store configuration for projects of type SSH (i.e. Infisical SSH)
+    await knex.schema.createTable(TableName.ProjectSshConfig, (t) => {
+      t.uuid("id", { primaryKey: true }).defaultTo(knex.fn.uuid());
+      t.timestamps(true, true, true);
+      t.string("projectId").notNullable();
+      t.foreign("projectId").references("id").inTable(TableName.Project).onDelete("CASCADE");
+      t.uuid("defaultUserSshCaId");
+      t.foreign("defaultUserSshCaId").references("id").inTable(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority).onDelete("CASCADE");
+      t.uuid("defaultHostSshCaId");
+      t.foreign("defaultHostSshCaId").references("id").inTable(TableName.SshCertificateAuthority).onDelete("CASCADE");
+    });
+    await createOnUpdateTrigger(knex, TableName.ProjectSshConfig);
+  }
+
+  const hasColumn = await knex.schema.hasColumn(TableName.SshCertificate, "sshHostId");
+  if (!hasColumn) {
+    await knex.schema.alterTable(TableName.SshCertificate, (t) => {
+      t.uuid("sshHostId").nullable();
+      t.foreign("sshHostId").references("id").inTable(TableName.SshHost).onDelete("SET NULL");
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+export async function down(knex: Knex): Promise<void> {
+  await knex.schema.dropTableIfExists(TableName.ProjectSshConfig);
+  await dropOnUpdateTrigger(knex, TableName.ProjectSshConfig);
+
+  await knex.schema.dropTableIfExists(TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping);
+  await dropOnUpdateTrigger(knex, TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping);
+
+  await knex.schema.dropTableIfExists(TableName.SshHostLoginUser);
+  await dropOnUpdateTrigger(knex, TableName.SshHostLoginUser);
+
+  const hasColumn = await knex.schema.hasColumn(TableName.SshCertificate, "sshHostId");
+  if (hasColumn) {
+    await knex.schema.alterTable(TableName.SshCertificate, (t) => {
+      t.dropColumn("sshHostId");
+    });
+  }
+
+  await knex.schema.dropTableIfExists(TableName.SshHost);
+  await dropOnUpdateTrigger(knex, TableName.SshHost);
+}

backend/src/db/schemas/index.ts

@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ export * from "./project-memberships";
 export * from "./project-roles";
 export * from "./project-slack-configs";
 export * from "./project-split-backfill-ids";
+export * from "./project-ssh-configs";
 export * from "./project-templates";
 export * from "./project-user-additional-privilege";
 export * from "./project-user-membership-roles";
@@ -125,6 +126,9 @@ export * from "./ssh-certificate-authority-secrets";
 export * from "./ssh-certificate-bodies";
 export * from "./ssh-certificate-templates";
 export * from "./ssh-certificates";
+export * from "./ssh-host-login-user-mappings";
+export * from "./ssh-host-login-users";
+export * from "./ssh-hosts";
 export * from "./super-admin";
 export * from "./totp-configs";
 export * from "./trusted-ips";

backend/src/db/schemas/models.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@ import { z } from "zod";
 
 export enum TableName {
   Users = "users",
+  SshHost = "ssh_hosts",
+  SshHostLoginUser = "ssh_host_login_users",
+  SshHostLoginUserMapping = "ssh_host_login_user_mappings",
   SshCertificateAuthority = "ssh_certificate_authorities",
   SshCertificateAuthoritySecret = "ssh_certificate_authority_secrets",
   SshCertificateTemplate = "ssh_certificate_templates",
@@ -38,6 +41,7 @@ export enum TableName {
   SuperAdmin = "super_admin",
   RateLimit = "rate_limit",
   ApiKey = "api_keys",
+  ProjectSshConfig = "project_ssh_configs",
   Project = "projects",
   ProjectBot = "project_bots",
   Environment = "project_environments",

backend/src/db/schemas/project-ssh-configs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Code generated by automation script, DO NOT EDIT.
+// Automated by pulling database and generating zod schema
+// To update. Just run npm run generate:schema
+// Written by akhilmhdh.
+
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { TImmutableDBKeys } from "./models";
+
+export const ProjectSshConfigsSchema = z.object({
+  id: z.string().uuid(),
+  createdAt: z.date(),
+  updatedAt: z.date(),
+  projectId: z.string(),
+  defaultUserSshCaId: z.string().uuid().nullable().optional(),
+  defaultHostSshCaId: z.string().uuid().nullable().optional()
+});
+
+export type TProjectSshConfigs = z.infer<typeof ProjectSshConfigsSchema>;
+export type TProjectSshConfigsInsert = Omit<z.input<typeof ProjectSshConfigsSchema>, TImmutableDBKeys>;
+export type TProjectSshConfigsUpdate = Partial<Omit<z.input<typeof ProjectSshConfigsSchema>, TImmutableDBKeys>>;

backend/src/db/schemas/ssh-certificate-authorities.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ export const SshCertificateAuthoritiesSchema = z.object({
   projectId: z.string(),
   status: z.string(),
   friendlyName: z.string(),
-  keyAlgorithm: z.string()
+  keyAlgorithm: z.string(),
+  keySource: z.string()
 });
 
 export type TSshCertificateAuthorities = z.infer<typeof SshCertificateAuthoritiesSchema>;

backend/src/db/schemas/ssh-certificates.ts

@@ -11,14 +11,15 @@ export const SshCertificatesSchema = z.object({
   id: z.string().uuid(),
   createdAt: z.date(),
   updatedAt: z.date(),
-  sshCaId: z.string().uuid(),
+  sshCaId: z.string().uuid().nullable().optional(),
   sshCertificateTemplateId: z.string().uuid().nullable().optional(),
   serialNumber: z.string(),
   certType: z.string(),
   principals: z.string().array(),
   keyId: z.string(),
   notBefore: z.date(),
-  notAfter: z.date()
+  notAfter: z.date(),
+  sshHostId: z.string().uuid().nullable().optional()
 });
 
 export type TSshCertificates = z.infer<typeof SshCertificatesSchema>;

backend/src/db/schemas/ssh-host-login-user-mappings.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// Code generated by automation script, DO NOT EDIT.
+// Automated by pulling database and generating zod schema
+// To update. Just run npm run generate:schema
+// Written by akhilmhdh.
+
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { TImmutableDBKeys } from "./models";
+
+export const SshHostLoginUserMappingsSchema = z.object({
+  id: z.string().uuid(),
+  createdAt: z.date(),
+  updatedAt: z.date(),
+  sshHostLoginUserId: z.string().uuid(),
+  userId: z.string().uuid().nullable().optional()
+});
+
+export type TSshHostLoginUserMappings = z.infer<typeof SshHostLoginUserMappingsSchema>;
+export type TSshHostLoginUserMappingsInsert = Omit<z.input<typeof SshHostLoginUserMappingsSchema>, TImmutableDBKeys>;
+export type TSshHostLoginUserMappingsUpdate = Partial<
+  Omit<z.input<typeof SshHostLoginUserMappingsSchema>, TImmutableDBKeys>
+>;

backend/src/db/schemas/ssh-host-login-users.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Code generated by automation script, DO NOT EDIT.
+// Automated by pulling database and generating zod schema
+// To update. Just run npm run generate:schema
+// Written by akhilmhdh.
+
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { TImmutableDBKeys } from "./models";
+
+export const SshHostLoginUsersSchema = z.object({
+  id: z.string().uuid(),
+  createdAt: z.date(),
+  updatedAt: z.date(),
+  sshHostId: z.string().uuid(),
+  loginUser: z.string()
+});
+
+export type TSshHostLoginUsers = z.infer<typeof SshHostLoginUsersSchema>;
+export type TSshHostLoginUsersInsert = Omit<z.input<typeof SshHostLoginUsersSchema>, TImmutableDBKeys>;
+export type TSshHostLoginUsersUpdate = Partial<Omit<z.input<typeof SshHostLoginUsersSchema>, TImmutableDBKeys>>;

backend/src/db/schemas/ssh-hosts.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Code generated by automation script, DO NOT EDIT.
+// Automated by pulling database and generating zod schema
+// To update. Just run npm run generate:schema
+// Written by akhilmhdh.
+
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { TImmutableDBKeys } from "./models";
+
+export const SshHostsSchema = z.object({
+  id: z.string().uuid(),
+  createdAt: z.date(),
+  updatedAt: z.date(),
+  projectId: z.string(),
+  hostname: z.string(),
+  userCertTtl: z.string(),
+  hostCertTtl: z.string(),
+  userSshCaId: z.string().uuid(),
+  hostSshCaId: z.string().uuid()
+});
+
+export type TSshHosts = z.infer<typeof SshHostsSchema>;
+export type TSshHostsInsert = Omit<z.input<typeof SshHostsSchema>, TImmutableDBKeys>;
+export type TSshHostsUpdate = Partial<Omit<z.input<typeof SshHostsSchema>, TImmutableDBKeys>>;

backend/src/ee/routes/v1/index.ts

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import { registerSnapshotRouter } from "./snapshot-router";
 import { registerSshCaRouter } from "./ssh-certificate-authority-router";
 import { registerSshCertRouter } from "./ssh-certificate-router";
 import { registerSshCertificateTemplateRouter } from "./ssh-certificate-template-router";
+import { registerSshHostRouter } from "./ssh-host-router";
 import { registerTrustedIpRouter } from "./trusted-ip-router";
 import { registerUserAdditionalPrivilegeRouter } from "./user-additional-privilege-router";
 
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ export const registerV1EERoutes = async (server: FastifyZodProvider) => {
       await sshRouter.register(registerSshCaRouter, { prefix: "/ca" });
       await sshRouter.register(registerSshCertRouter, { prefix: "/certificates" });
       await sshRouter.register(registerSshCertificateTemplateRouter, { prefix: "/certificate-templates" });
+      await sshRouter.register(registerSshHostRouter, { prefix: "/hosts" });
     },
     { prefix: "/ssh" }
   );

backend/src/ee/routes/v1/ssh-certificate-authority-router.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 import { z } from "zod";
 
 import { EventType } from "@app/ee/services/audit-log/audit-log-types";
+import { normalizeSshPrivateKey } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-fns";
 import { sanitizedSshCa } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-schema";
-import { SshCaStatus } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-types";
+import { SshCaKeySource, SshCaStatus } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-types";
+import { SshCertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-types";
 import { sanitizedSshCertificateTemplate } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate-template/ssh-certificate-template-schema";
 import { SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES } from "@app/lib/api-docs";
 import { readLimit, writeLimit } from "@app/server/config/rateLimiter";
 import { verifyAuth } from "@app/server/plugins/auth/verify-auth";
 import { AuthMode } from "@app/services/auth/auth-type";
-import { CertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/services/certificate/certificate-types";
 
 export const registerSshCaRouter = async (server: FastifyZodProvider) => {
   server.route({
@@ -20,14 +21,34 @@ export const registerSshCaRouter = async (server: FastifyZodProvider) => {
     onRequest: verifyAuth([AuthMode.JWT, AuthMode.IDENTITY_ACCESS_TOKEN]),
     schema: {
       description: "Create SSH CA",
-      body: z.object({
-        projectId: z.string().describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.CREATE.projectId),
-        friendlyName: z.string().describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.CREATE.friendlyName),
-        keyAlgorithm: z
-          .nativeEnum(CertKeyAlgorithm)
-          .default(CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048)
-          .describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.CREATE.keyAlgorithm)
-      }),
+      body: z
+        .object({
+          projectId: z.string().describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.CREATE.projectId),
+          friendlyName: z.string().describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.CREATE.friendlyName),
+          keyAlgorithm: z
+            .nativeEnum(SshCertKeyAlgorithm)
+            .default(SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519)
+            .describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.CREATE.keyAlgorithm),
+          publicKey: z.string().trim().optional().describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.CREATE.publicKey),
+          privateKey: z
+            .string()
+            .trim()
+            .optional()
+            .transform((val) => (val ? normalizeSshPrivateKey(val) : undefined))
+            .describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.CREATE.privateKey),
+          keySource: z
+            .nativeEnum(SshCaKeySource)
+            .default(SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL)
+            .describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.CREATE.keySource)
+        })
+        .refine((data) => data.keySource === SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL || (!!data.publicKey && !!data.privateKey), {
+          message: "publicKey and privateKey are required when keySource is external",
+          path: ["publicKey"]
+        })
+        .refine((data) => data.keySource === SshCaKeySource.EXTERNAL || !!data.keyAlgorithm, {
+          message: "keyAlgorithm is required when keySource is internal",
+          path: ["keyAlgorithm"]
+        }),
       response: {
         200: z.object({
           ca: sanitizedSshCa.extend({

backend/src/ee/routes/v1/ssh-certificate-router.ts

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ import { z } from "zod";
 
 import { EventType } from "@app/ee/services/audit-log/audit-log-types";
 import { SshCertType } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-types";
+import { SshCertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-types";
 import { SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES } from "@app/lib/api-docs";
 import { ms } from "@app/lib/ms";
 import { writeLimit } from "@app/server/config/rateLimiter";
 import { getTelemetryDistinctId } from "@app/server/lib/telemetry";
 import { verifyAuth } from "@app/server/plugins/auth/verify-auth";
 import { AuthMode } from "@app/services/auth/auth-type";
-import { CertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/services/certificate/certificate-types";
 import { PostHogEventTypes } from "@app/services/telemetry/telemetry-types";
 
 export const registerSshCertRouter = async (server: FastifyZodProvider) => {
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ export const registerSshCertRouter = async (server: FastifyZodProvider) => {
           .min(1)
           .describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.certificateTemplateId),
         keyAlgorithm: z
-          .nativeEnum(CertKeyAlgorithm)
-          .default(CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048)
+          .nativeEnum(SshCertKeyAlgorithm)
+          .default(SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519)
           .describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.keyAlgorithm),
         certType: z
           .nativeEnum(SshCertType)
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ export const registerSshCertRouter = async (server: FastifyZodProvider) => {
           privateKey: z.string().describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.privateKey),
           publicKey: z.string().describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.publicKey),
           keyAlgorithm: z
-            .nativeEnum(CertKeyAlgorithm)
+            .nativeEnum(SshCertKeyAlgorithm)
             .describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.keyAlgorithm)
         })
       }

backend/src/ee/routes/v1/ssh-certificate-template-router.ts

@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ export const registerSshCertificateTemplateRouter = async (server: FastifyZodPro
           allowHostCertificates: z.boolean().describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_TEMPLATES.CREATE.allowHostCertificates),
           allowCustomKeyIds: z.boolean().describe(SSH_CERTIFICATE_TEMPLATES.CREATE.allowCustomKeyIds)
         })
-        .refine((data) => ms(data.maxTTL) > ms(data.ttl), {
-          message: "Max TLL must be greater than TTL",
+        .refine((data) => ms(data.maxTTL) >= ms(data.ttl), {
+          message: "Max TLL must be greater than or equal to TTL",
           path: ["maxTTL"]
         }),
       response: {

backend/src/ee/routes/v1/ssh-host-router.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { EventType } from "@app/ee/services/audit-log/audit-log-types";
+import { SshCertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-types";
+import { loginMappingSchema, sanitizedSshHost } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-schema";
+import { isValidHostname } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-validators";
+import { SSH_HOSTS } from "@app/lib/api-docs";
+import { ms } from "@app/lib/ms";
+import { publicSshCaLimit, readLimit, writeLimit } from "@app/server/config/rateLimiter";
+import { getTelemetryDistinctId } from "@app/server/lib/telemetry";
+import { verifyAuth } from "@app/server/plugins/auth/verify-auth";
+import { AuthMode } from "@app/services/auth/auth-type";
+import { PostHogEventTypes } from "@app/services/telemetry/telemetry-types";
+
+export const registerSshHostRouter = async (server: FastifyZodProvider) => {
+  server.route({
+    method: "GET",
+    url: "/",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: readLimit
+    },
+    schema: {
+      response: {
+        200: z.array(
+          sanitizedSshHost.extend({
+            loginMappings: z.array(loginMappingSchema)
+          })
+        )
+      }
+    },
+    onRequest: verifyAuth([AuthMode.JWT]),
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const hosts = await server.services.sshHost.listSshHosts({
+        actor: req.permission.type,
+        actorId: req.permission.id,
+        actorAuthMethod: req.permission.authMethod,
+        actorOrgId: req.permission.orgId
+      });
+
+      return hosts;
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.route({
+    method: "GET",
+    url: "/:sshHostId",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: readLimit
+    },
+    schema: {
+      params: z.object({
+        sshHostId: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.GET.sshHostId)
+      }),
+      response: {
+        200: sanitizedSshHost.extend({
+          loginMappings: z.array(loginMappingSchema)
+        })
+      }
+    },
+    onRequest: verifyAuth([AuthMode.JWT, AuthMode.IDENTITY_ACCESS_TOKEN]),
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const host = await server.services.sshHost.getSshHost({
+        sshHostId: req.params.sshHostId,
+        actor: req.permission.type,
+        actorId: req.permission.id,
+        actorAuthMethod: req.permission.authMethod,
+        actorOrgId: req.permission.orgId
+      });
+
+      await server.services.auditLog.createAuditLog({
+        ...req.auditLogInfo,
+        projectId: host.projectId,
+        event: {
+          type: EventType.GET_SSH_HOST,
+          metadata: {
+            sshHostId: host.id,
+            hostname: host.hostname
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+      return host;
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.route({
+    method: "POST",
+    url: "/",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: writeLimit
+    },
+    schema: {
+      description: "Add an SSH Host",
+      body: z.object({
+        projectId: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.CREATE.projectId),
+        hostname: z
+          .string()
+          .min(1)
+          .refine((v) => isValidHostname(v), {
+            message: "Hostname must be a valid hostname"
+          })
+          .describe(SSH_HOSTS.CREATE.hostname),
+        userCertTtl: z
+          .string()
+          .refine((val) => ms(val) > 0, "TTL must be a positive number")
+          .default("8h")
+          .describe(SSH_HOSTS.CREATE.userCertTtl),
+        hostCertTtl: z
+          .string()
+          .refine((val) => ms(val) > 0, "TTL must be a positive number")
+          .default("1y")
+          .describe(SSH_HOSTS.CREATE.hostCertTtl),
+        loginMappings: z.array(loginMappingSchema).default([]).describe(SSH_HOSTS.CREATE.loginMappings),
+        userSshCaId: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.CREATE.userSshCaId).optional(),
+        hostSshCaId: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.CREATE.hostSshCaId).optional()
+      }),
+      response: {
+        200: sanitizedSshHost.extend({
+          loginMappings: z.array(loginMappingSchema)
+        })
+      }
+    },
+    onRequest: verifyAuth([AuthMode.JWT, AuthMode.IDENTITY_ACCESS_TOKEN]),
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const host = await server.services.sshHost.createSshHost({
+        ...req.body,
+        actor: req.permission.type,
+        actorId: req.permission.id,
+        actorAuthMethod: req.permission.authMethod,
+        actorOrgId: req.permission.orgId
+      });
+
+      await server.services.auditLog.createAuditLog({
+        ...req.auditLogInfo,
+        projectId: host.projectId,
+        event: {
+          type: EventType.CREATE_SSH_HOST,
+          metadata: {
+            sshHostId: host.id,
+            hostname: host.hostname,
+            userCertTtl: host.userCertTtl,
+            hostCertTtl: host.hostCertTtl,
+            loginMappings: host.loginMappings,
+            userSshCaId: host.userSshCaId,
+            hostSshCaId: host.hostSshCaId
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+      return host;
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.route({
+    method: "PATCH",
+    url: "/:sshHostId",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: writeLimit
+    },
+    onRequest: verifyAuth([AuthMode.JWT, AuthMode.IDENTITY_ACCESS_TOKEN]),
+    schema: {
+      description: "Update SSH Host",
+      params: z.object({
+        sshHostId: z.string().trim().describe(SSH_HOSTS.UPDATE.sshHostId)
+      }),
+      body: z.object({
+        hostname: z
+          .string()
+          .min(1)
+          .refine((v) => isValidHostname(v), {
+            message: "Hostname must be a valid hostname"
+          })
+          .optional()
+          .describe(SSH_HOSTS.UPDATE.hostname),
+        userCertTtl: z
+          .string()
+          .refine((val) => ms(val) > 0, "TTL must be a positive number")
+          .optional()
+          .describe(SSH_HOSTS.UPDATE.userCertTtl),
+        hostCertTtl: z
+          .string()
+          .refine((val) => ms(val) > 0, "TTL must be a positive number")
+          .optional()
+          .describe(SSH_HOSTS.UPDATE.hostCertTtl),
+        loginMappings: z.array(loginMappingSchema).optional().describe(SSH_HOSTS.UPDATE.loginMappings)
+      }),
+      response: {
+        200: sanitizedSshHost.extend({
+          loginMappings: z.array(loginMappingSchema)
+        })
+      }
+    },
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const host = await server.services.sshHost.updateSshHost({
+        sshHostId: req.params.sshHostId,
+        actor: req.permission.type,
+        actorId: req.permission.id,
+        actorAuthMethod: req.permission.authMethod,
+        actorOrgId: req.permission.orgId,
+        ...req.body
+      });
+
+      await server.services.auditLog.createAuditLog({
+        ...req.auditLogInfo,
+        projectId: host.projectId,
+        event: {
+          type: EventType.UPDATE_SSH_HOST,
+          metadata: {
+            sshHostId: host.id,
+            hostname: host.hostname,
+            userCertTtl: host.userCertTtl,
+            hostCertTtl: host.hostCertTtl,
+            loginMappings: host.loginMappings,
+            userSshCaId: host.userSshCaId,
+            hostSshCaId: host.hostSshCaId
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+      return host;
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.route({
+    method: "DELETE",
+    url: "/:sshHostId",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: writeLimit
+    },
+    schema: {
+      params: z.object({
+        sshHostId: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.DELETE.sshHostId)
+      }),
+      response: {
+        200: sanitizedSshHost.extend({
+          loginMappings: z.array(loginMappingSchema)
+        })
+      }
+    },
+    onRequest: verifyAuth([AuthMode.JWT, AuthMode.IDENTITY_ACCESS_TOKEN]),
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const host = await server.services.sshHost.deleteSshHost({
+        sshHostId: req.params.sshHostId,
+        actor: req.permission.type,
+        actorId: req.permission.id,
+        actorAuthMethod: req.permission.authMethod,
+        actorOrgId: req.permission.orgId
+      });
+
+      await server.services.auditLog.createAuditLog({
+        ...req.auditLogInfo,
+        projectId: host.projectId,
+        event: {
+          type: EventType.DELETE_SSH_HOST,
+          metadata: {
+            sshHostId: host.id,
+            hostname: host.hostname
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+      return host;
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.route({
+    method: "POST",
+    url: "/:sshHostId/issue-user-cert",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: writeLimit
+    },
+    onRequest: verifyAuth([AuthMode.JWT]),
+    schema: {
+      description: "Issue SSH certificate for user",
+      params: z.object({
+        sshHostId: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.sshHostId)
+      }),
+      body: z.object({
+        loginUser: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.loginUser)
+      }),
+      response: {
+        200: z.object({
+          serialNumber: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.serialNumber),
+          signedKey: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.signedKey),
+          privateKey: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.privateKey),
+          publicKey: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.publicKey),
+          keyAlgorithm: z.nativeEnum(SshCertKeyAlgorithm).describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS.keyAlgorithm)
+        })
+      }
+    },
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const { serialNumber, signedPublicKey, privateKey, publicKey, keyAlgorithm, host, principals } =
+        await server.services.sshHost.issueSshHostUserCert({
+          sshHostId: req.params.sshHostId,
+          loginUser: req.body.loginUser,
+          actor: req.permission.type,
+          actorId: req.permission.id,
+          actorAuthMethod: req.permission.authMethod,
+          actorOrgId: req.permission.orgId
+        });
+
+      await server.services.auditLog.createAuditLog({
+        ...req.auditLogInfo,
+        orgId: req.permission.orgId,
+        event: {
+          type: EventType.ISSUE_SSH_HOST_USER_CERT,
+          metadata: {
+            sshHostId: req.params.sshHostId,
+            hostname: host.hostname,
+            loginUser: req.body.loginUser,
+            principals,
+            ttl: host.userCertTtl
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+      await server.services.telemetry.sendPostHogEvents({
+        event: PostHogEventTypes.IssueSshHostUserCert,
+        distinctId: getTelemetryDistinctId(req),
+        properties: {
+          sshHostId: req.params.sshHostId,
+          hostname: host.hostname,
+          principals,
+          ...req.auditLogInfo
+        }
+      });
+
+      return {
+        serialNumber,
+        signedKey: signedPublicKey,
+        privateKey,
+        publicKey,
+        keyAlgorithm
+      };
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.route({
+    method: "POST",
+    url: "/:sshHostId/issue-host-cert",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: writeLimit
+    },
+    onRequest: verifyAuth([AuthMode.JWT, AuthMode.IDENTITY_ACCESS_TOKEN]),
+    schema: {
+      description: "Issue SSH certificate for host",
+      params: z.object({
+        sshHostId: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_HOST_CERT.sshHostId)
+      }),
+      body: z.object({
+        publicKey: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_HOST_CERT.publicKey)
+      }),
+      response: {
+        200: z.object({
+          serialNumber: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_HOST_CERT.serialNumber),
+          signedKey: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.ISSUE_HOST_CERT.signedKey)
+        })
+      }
+    },
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const { host, principals, serialNumber, signedPublicKey } = await server.services.sshHost.issueSshHostHostCert({
+        sshHostId: req.params.sshHostId,
+        publicKey: req.body.publicKey,
+        actor: req.permission.type,
+        actorId: req.permission.id,
+        actorAuthMethod: req.permission.authMethod,
+        actorOrgId: req.permission.orgId
+      });
+
+      await server.services.auditLog.createAuditLog({
+        ...req.auditLogInfo,
+        orgId: req.permission.orgId,
+        event: {
+          type: EventType.ISSUE_SSH_HOST_HOST_CERT,
+          metadata: {
+            sshHostId: req.params.sshHostId,
+            hostname: host.hostname,
+            principals,
+            serialNumber,
+            ttl: host.hostCertTtl
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+      await server.services.telemetry.sendPostHogEvents({
+        event: PostHogEventTypes.IssueSshHostHostCert,
+        distinctId: getTelemetryDistinctId(req),
+        properties: {
+          sshHostId: req.params.sshHostId,
+          hostname: host.hostname,
+          principals,
+          ...req.auditLogInfo
+        }
+      });
+
+      return {
+        serialNumber,
+        signedKey: signedPublicKey
+      };
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.route({
+    method: "GET",
+    url: "/:sshHostId/user-ca-public-key",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: publicSshCaLimit
+    },
+    schema: {
+      description: "Get public key of the user SSH CA linked to the host",
+      params: z.object({
+        sshHostId: z.string().trim().describe(SSH_HOSTS.GET_USER_CA_PUBLIC_KEY.sshHostId)
+      }),
+      response: {
+        200: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.GET_USER_CA_PUBLIC_KEY.publicKey)
+      }
+    },
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const publicKey = await server.services.sshHost.getSshHostUserCaPk(req.params.sshHostId);
+      return publicKey;
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.route({
+    method: "GET",
+    url: "/:sshHostId/host-ca-public-key",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: publicSshCaLimit
+    },
+    schema: {
+      description: "Get public key of the host SSH CA linked to the host",
+      params: z.object({
+        sshHostId: z.string().trim().describe(SSH_HOSTS.GET_HOST_CA_PUBLIC_KEY.sshHostId)
+      }),
+      response: {
+        200: z.string().describe(SSH_HOSTS.GET_HOST_CA_PUBLIC_KEY.publicKey)
+      }
+    },
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const publicKey = await server.services.sshHost.getSshHostHostCaPk(req.params.sshHostId);
+      return publicKey;
+    }
+  });
+};

backend/src/ee/services/audit-log/audit-log-types.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   TUpdateSecretRotationV2DTO
 } from "@app/ee/services/secret-rotation-v2/secret-rotation-v2-types";
 import { SshCaStatus, SshCertType } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-types";
+import { SshCertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-types";
 import { SshCertTemplateStatus } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate-template/ssh-certificate-template-types";
 import { SymmetricEncryption } from "@app/lib/crypto/cipher";
 import { TProjectPermission } from "@app/lib/types";
@@ -189,6 +190,12 @@ export enum EventType {
   UPDATE_SSH_CERTIFICATE_TEMPLATE = "update-ssh-certificate-template",
   DELETE_SSH_CERTIFICATE_TEMPLATE = "delete-ssh-certificate-template",
   GET_SSH_CERTIFICATE_TEMPLATE = "get-ssh-certificate-template",
+  CREATE_SSH_HOST = "create-ssh-host",
+  UPDATE_SSH_HOST = "update-ssh-host",
+  DELETE_SSH_HOST = "delete-ssh-host",
+  GET_SSH_HOST = "get-ssh-host",
+  ISSUE_SSH_HOST_USER_CERT = "issue-ssh-host-user-cert",
+  ISSUE_SSH_HOST_HOST_CERT = "issue-ssh-host-host-cert",
   CREATE_CA = "create-certificate-authority",
   GET_CA = "get-certificate-authority",
   UPDATE_CA = "update-certificate-authority",
@@ -1377,7 +1384,7 @@ interface IssueSshCreds {
   type: EventType.ISSUE_SSH_CREDS;
   metadata: {
     certificateTemplateId: string;
-    keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm;
+    keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm;
     certType: SshCertType;
     principals: string[];
     ttl: string;
@@ -1473,6 +1480,80 @@ interface DeleteSshCertificateTemplate {
   };
 }
 
+interface CreateSshHost {
+  type: EventType.CREATE_SSH_HOST;
+  metadata: {
+    sshHostId: string;
+    hostname: string;
+    userCertTtl: string;
+    hostCertTtl: string;
+    loginMappings: {
+      loginUser: string;
+      allowedPrincipals: {
+        usernames: string[];
+      };
+    }[];
+    userSshCaId: string;
+    hostSshCaId: string;
+  };
+}
+
+interface UpdateSshHost {
+  type: EventType.UPDATE_SSH_HOST;
+  metadata: {
+    sshHostId: string;
+    hostname?: string;
+    userCertTtl?: string;
+    hostCertTtl?: string;
+    loginMappings?: {
+      loginUser: string;
+      allowedPrincipals: {
+        usernames: string[];
+      };
+    }[];
+    userSshCaId?: string;
+    hostSshCaId?: string;
+  };
+}
+
+interface DeleteSshHost {
+  type: EventType.DELETE_SSH_HOST;
+  metadata: {
+    sshHostId: string;
+    hostname: string;
+  };
+}
+
+interface GetSshHost {
+  type: EventType.GET_SSH_HOST;
+  metadata: {
+    sshHostId: string;
+    hostname: string;
+  };
+}
+
+interface IssueSshHostUserCert {
+  type: EventType.ISSUE_SSH_HOST_USER_CERT;
+  metadata: {
+    sshHostId: string;
+    hostname: string;
+    loginUser: string;
+    principals: string[];
+    ttl: string;
+  };
+}
+
+interface IssueSshHostHostCert {
+  type: EventType.ISSUE_SSH_HOST_HOST_CERT;
+  metadata: {
+    sshHostId: string;
+    hostname: string;
+    serialNumber: string;
+    principals: string[];
+    ttl: string;
+  };
+}
+
 interface CreateCa {
   type: EventType.CREATE_CA;
   metadata: {
@@ -2493,6 +2574,12 @@ export type Event =
   | UpdateSshCertificateTemplate
   | GetSshCertificateTemplate
   | DeleteSshCertificateTemplate
+  | CreateSshHost
+  | UpdateSshHost
+  | DeleteSshHost
+  | GetSshHost
+  | IssueSshHostUserCert
+  | IssueSshHostHostCert
   | CreateCa
   | GetCa
   | UpdateCa

backend/src/ee/services/permission/project-permission.ts

@@ -67,6 +67,14 @@ export enum ProjectPermissionGroupActions {
   GrantPrivileges = "grant-privileges"
 }
 
+export enum ProjectPermissionSshHostActions {
+  Read = "read",
+  Create = "create",
+  Edit = "edit",
+  Delete = "delete",
+  IssueHostCert = "issue-host-cert"
+}
+
 export enum ProjectPermissionSecretSyncActions {
   Read = "read",
   Create = "create",
@@ -121,6 +129,7 @@ export enum ProjectPermissionSub {
   SshCertificateAuthorities = "ssh-certificate-authorities",
   SshCertificates = "ssh-certificates",
   SshCertificateTemplates = "ssh-certificate-templates",
+  SshHosts = "ssh-hosts",
   PkiAlerts = "pki-alerts",
   PkiCollections = "pki-collections",
   Kms = "kms",
@@ -160,6 +169,10 @@ export type IdentityManagementSubjectFields = {
   identityId: string;
 };
 
+export type SshHostSubjectFields = {
+  hostname: string;
+};
+
 export type ProjectPermissionSet =
   | [
       ProjectPermissionSecretActions,
@@ -215,6 +228,10 @@ export type ProjectPermissionSet =
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateAuthorities]
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificates]
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateTemplates]
+  | [
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions,
+      ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts | (ForcedSubject<ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts> & SshHostSubjectFields)
+    ]
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.PkiAlerts]
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.PkiCollections]
   | [ProjectPermissionSecretSyncActions, ProjectPermissionSub.SecretSyncs]
@@ -313,6 +330,21 @@ const IdentityManagementConditionSchema = z
   })
   .partial();
 
+const SshHostConditionSchema = z
+  .object({
+    hostname: z.union([
+      z.string(),
+      z
+        .object({
+          [PermissionConditionOperators.$EQ]: PermissionConditionSchema[PermissionConditionOperators.$EQ],
+          [PermissionConditionOperators.$GLOB]: PermissionConditionSchema[PermissionConditionOperators.$GLOB],
+          [PermissionConditionOperators.$IN]: PermissionConditionSchema[PermissionConditionOperators.$IN]
+        })
+        .partial()
+    ])
+  })
+  .partial();
+
 const GeneralPermissionSchema = [
   z.object({
     subject: z.literal(ProjectPermissionSub.SecretApproval).describe("The entity this permission pertains to."),
@@ -561,6 +593,16 @@ export const ProjectPermissionV2Schema = z.discriminatedUnion("subject", [
       "When specified, only matching conditions will be allowed to access given resource."
     ).optional()
   }),
+  z.object({
+    subject: z.literal(ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts).describe("The entity this permission pertains to."),
+    action: CASL_ACTION_SCHEMA_NATIVE_ENUM(ProjectPermissionSshHostActions).describe(
+      "Describe what action an entity can take."
+    ),
+    inverted: z.boolean().optional().describe("Whether rule allows or forbids."),
+    conditions: SshHostConditionSchema.describe(
+      "When specified, only matching conditions will be allowed to access given resource."
+    ).optional()
+  }),
   z.object({
     subject: z.literal(ProjectPermissionSub.SecretRotation).describe("The entity this permission pertains to."),
     inverted: z.boolean().optional().describe("Whether rule allows or forbids."),
@@ -613,6 +655,17 @@ const buildAdminPermissionRules = () => {
     );
   });
 
+  can(
+    [
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Edit,
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Read,
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Create,
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Delete,
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.IssueHostCert
+    ],
+    ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts
+  );
+
   can(
     [
       ProjectPermissionMemberActions.Create,
@@ -873,6 +926,8 @@ const buildMemberPermissionRules = () => {
   can([ProjectPermissionActions.Create], ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificates);
   can([ProjectPermissionActions.Read], ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateTemplates);
 
+  can([ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Read], ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts);
+
   can(
     [
       ProjectPermissionCmekActions.Create,

backend/src/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export enum SshCertKeyAlgorithm {
+  RSA_2048 = "RSA_2048",
+  RSA_4096 = "RSA_4096",
+  ECDSA_P256 = "EC_prime256v1",
+  ECDSA_P384 = "EC_secp384r1",
+  ED25519 = "ED25519"
+}

backend/src/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-dal.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+import { Knex } from "knex";
+
+import { TDbClient } from "@app/db";
+import { TableName } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { DatabaseError } from "@app/lib/errors";
+import { groupBy, unique } from "@app/lib/fn";
+import { ormify } from "@app/lib/knex";
+
+export type TSshHostDALFactory = ReturnType<typeof sshHostDALFactory>;
+
+export const sshHostDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
+  const sshHostOrm = ormify(db, TableName.SshHost);
+
+  const findUserAccessibleSshHosts = async (projectIds: string[], userId: string, tx?: Knex) => {
+    try {
+      const user = await (tx || db.replicaNode())(TableName.Users).where({ id: userId }).select("username").first();
+
+      if (!user) {
+        throw new DatabaseError({ name: `${TableName.Users}: UserNotFound`, error: new Error("User not found") });
+      }
+
+      const rows = await (tx || db.replicaNode())(TableName.SshHost)
+        .leftJoin(TableName.SshHostLoginUser, `${TableName.SshHost}.id`, `${TableName.SshHostLoginUser}.sshHostId`)
+        .leftJoin(
+          TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping,
+          `${TableName.SshHostLoginUser}.id`,
+          `${TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping}.sshHostLoginUserId`
+        )
+        .leftJoin(TableName.Users, `${TableName.Users}.id`, `${TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping}.userId`)
+        .whereIn(`${TableName.SshHost}.projectId`, projectIds)
+        .andWhere(`${TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping}.userId`, userId)
+        .select(
+          db.ref("id").withSchema(TableName.SshHost).as("sshHostId"),
+          db.ref("projectId").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("hostname").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("userCertTtl").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("hostCertTtl").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("loginUser").withSchema(TableName.SshHostLoginUser),
+          db.ref("username").withSchema(TableName.Users),
+          db.ref("userId").withSchema(TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping),
+          db.ref("userSshCaId").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("hostSshCaId").withSchema(TableName.SshHost)
+        )
+        .orderBy(`${TableName.SshHost}.updatedAt`, "desc");
+
+      const grouped = groupBy(rows, (r) => r.sshHostId);
+      return Object.values(grouped).map((hostRows) => {
+        const { sshHostId, hostname, userCertTtl, hostCertTtl, userSshCaId, hostSshCaId, projectId } = hostRows[0];
+
+        const loginMappingGrouped = groupBy(hostRows, (r) => r.loginUser);
+
+        const loginMappings = Object.entries(loginMappingGrouped).map(([loginUser]) => ({
+          loginUser,
+          allowedPrincipals: {
+            usernames: [user.username]
+          }
+        }));
+
+        return {
+          id: sshHostId,
+          hostname,
+          projectId,
+          userCertTtl,
+          hostCertTtl,
+          loginMappings,
+          userSshCaId,
+          hostSshCaId
+        };
+      });
+    } catch (error) {
+      throw new DatabaseError({ error, name: `${TableName.SshHost}: FindSshHostsWithPrincipalsAcrossProjects` });
+    }
+  };
+
+  const findSshHostsWithLoginMappings = async (projectId: string, tx?: Knex) => {
+    try {
+      const rows = await (tx || db.replicaNode())(TableName.SshHost)
+        .leftJoin(TableName.SshHostLoginUser, `${TableName.SshHost}.id`, `${TableName.SshHostLoginUser}.sshHostId`)
+        .leftJoin(
+          TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping,
+          `${TableName.SshHostLoginUser}.id`,
+          `${TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping}.sshHostLoginUserId`
+        )
+        .leftJoin(TableName.Users, `${TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping}.userId`, `${TableName.Users}.id`)
+        .where(`${TableName.SshHost}.projectId`, projectId)
+        .select(
+          db.ref("id").withSchema(TableName.SshHost).as("sshHostId"),
+          db.ref("projectId").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("hostname").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("userCertTtl").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("hostCertTtl").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("loginUser").withSchema(TableName.SshHostLoginUser),
+          db.ref("username").withSchema(TableName.Users),
+          db.ref("userId").withSchema(TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping),
+          db.ref("userSshCaId").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("hostSshCaId").withSchema(TableName.SshHost)
+        )
+        .orderBy(`${TableName.SshHost}.updatedAt`, "desc");
+
+      const hostsGrouped = groupBy(rows, (r) => r.sshHostId);
+      return Object.values(hostsGrouped).map((hostRows) => {
+        const { sshHostId, hostname, userCertTtl, hostCertTtl, userSshCaId, hostSshCaId } = hostRows[0];
+
+        const loginMappingGrouped = groupBy(
+          hostRows.filter((r) => r.loginUser),
+          (r) => r.loginUser
+        );
+
+        const loginMappings = Object.entries(loginMappingGrouped).map(([loginUser, entries]) => ({
+          loginUser,
+          allowedPrincipals: {
+            usernames: unique(entries.map((e) => e.username)).filter(Boolean)
+          }
+        }));
+
+        return {
+          id: sshHostId,
+          hostname,
+          projectId,
+          userCertTtl,
+          hostCertTtl,
+          loginMappings,
+          userSshCaId,
+          hostSshCaId
+        };
+      });
+    } catch (error) {
+      throw new DatabaseError({ error, name: `${TableName.SshHost}: FindSshHostsWithLoginMappings` });
+    }
+  };
+
+  const findSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings = async (sshHostId: string, tx?: Knex) => {
+    try {
+      const rows = await (tx || db.replicaNode())(TableName.SshHost)
+        .leftJoin(TableName.SshHostLoginUser, `${TableName.SshHost}.id`, `${TableName.SshHostLoginUser}.sshHostId`)
+        .leftJoin(
+          TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping,
+          `${TableName.SshHostLoginUser}.id`,
+          `${TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping}.sshHostLoginUserId`
+        )
+        .leftJoin(TableName.Users, `${TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping}.userId`, `${TableName.Users}.id`)
+        .where(`${TableName.SshHost}.id`, sshHostId)
+        .select(
+          db.ref("id").withSchema(TableName.SshHost).as("sshHostId"),
+          db.ref("projectId").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("hostname").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("userCertTtl").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("hostCertTtl").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("loginUser").withSchema(TableName.SshHostLoginUser),
+          db.ref("username").withSchema(TableName.Users),
+          db.ref("userId").withSchema(TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping),
+          db.ref("userSshCaId").withSchema(TableName.SshHost),
+          db.ref("hostSshCaId").withSchema(TableName.SshHost)
+        );
+
+      if (rows.length === 0) return null;
+
+      const { sshHostId: id, projectId, hostname, userCertTtl, hostCertTtl, userSshCaId, hostSshCaId } = rows[0];
+
+      const loginMappingGrouped = groupBy(
+        rows.filter((r) => r.loginUser),
+        (r) => r.loginUser
+      );
+
+      const loginMappings = Object.entries(loginMappingGrouped).map(([loginUser, entries]) => ({
+        loginUser,
+        allowedPrincipals: {
+          usernames: unique(entries.map((e) => e.username)).filter(Boolean)
+        }
+      }));
+
+      return {
+        id,
+        projectId,
+        hostname,
+        userCertTtl,
+        hostCertTtl,
+        loginMappings,
+        userSshCaId,
+        hostSshCaId
+      };
+    } catch (error) {
+      throw new DatabaseError({ error, name: `${TableName.SshHost}: FindSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings` });
+    }
+  };
+
+  return {
+    ...sshHostOrm,
+    findSshHostsWithLoginMappings,
+    findUserAccessibleSshHosts,
+    findSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings
+  };
+};

backend/src/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-login-user-mapping-dal.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import { TDbClient } from "@app/db";
+import { TableName } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { ormify } from "@app/lib/knex";
+
+export type TSshHostLoginUserMappingDALFactory = ReturnType<typeof sshHostLoginUserMappingDALFactory>;
+
+export const sshHostLoginUserMappingDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
+  const sshHostLoginUserMappingOrm = ormify(db, TableName.SshHostLoginUserMapping);
+  return sshHostLoginUserMappingOrm;
+};

backend/src/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-schema.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { SshHostsSchema } from "@app/db/schemas";
+
+export const sanitizedSshHost = SshHostsSchema.pick({
+  id: true,
+  projectId: true,
+  hostname: true,
+  userCertTtl: true,
+  hostCertTtl: true,
+  userSshCaId: true,
+  hostSshCaId: true
+});
+
+export const loginMappingSchema = z.object({
+  loginUser: z.string().trim(),
+  allowedPrincipals: z.object({
+    usernames: z.array(z.string().trim()).transform((usernames) => Array.from(new Set(usernames)))
+  })
+});

backend/src/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,694 @@
+import { ForbiddenError, subject } from "@casl/ability";
+
+import { ActionProjectType, ProjectType } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { TPermissionServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/permission/permission-service";
+import { ProjectPermissionSshHostActions, ProjectPermissionSub } from "@app/ee/services/permission/project-permission";
+import { TSshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-dal";
+import { TSshCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-secret-dal";
+import { TSshCertificateBodyDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-body-dal";
+import { TSshCertificateDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-dal";
+import { SshCertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-types";
+import { TSshHostDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-dal";
+import { TSshHostLoginUserMappingDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-login-user-mapping-dal";
+import { TSshHostLoginUserDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-login-user-dal";
+import { BadRequestError, NotFoundError, UnauthorizedError } from "@app/lib/errors";
+import { ActorType } from "@app/services/auth/auth-type";
+import { TKmsServiceFactory } from "@app/services/kms/kms-service";
+import { KmsDataKey } from "@app/services/kms/kms-types";
+import { TProjectDALFactory } from "@app/services/project/project-dal";
+import { TProjectSshConfigDALFactory } from "@app/services/project/project-ssh-config-dal";
+import { TUserDALFactory } from "@app/services/user/user-dal";
+
+import {
+  convertActorToPrincipals,
+  createSshCert,
+  createSshKeyPair,
+  getSshPublicKey
+} from "../ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-fns";
+import { SshCertType } from "../ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-types";
+import {
+  TCreateSshHostDTO,
+  TDeleteSshHostDTO,
+  TGetSshHostDTO,
+  TIssueSshHostHostCertDTO,
+  TIssueSshHostUserCertDTO,
+  TListSshHostsDTO,
+  TUpdateSshHostDTO
+} from "./ssh-host-types";
+
+type TSshHostServiceFactoryDep = {
+  userDAL: Pick<TUserDALFactory, "findById" | "find">;
+  projectDAL: Pick<TProjectDALFactory, "find">;
+  projectSshConfigDAL: Pick<TProjectSshConfigDALFactory, "findOne">;
+  sshCertificateAuthorityDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory, "findOne">;
+  sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory, "findOne">;
+  sshCertificateDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateDALFactory, "create" | "transaction">;
+  sshCertificateBodyDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateBodyDALFactory, "create">;
+  sshHostDAL: Pick<
+    TSshHostDALFactory,
+    | "transaction"
+    | "create"
+    | "findById"
+    | "updateById"
+    | "deleteById"
+    | "findOne"
+    | "findSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings"
+    | "findUserAccessibleSshHosts"
+  >;
+  sshHostLoginUserDAL: TSshHostLoginUserDALFactory;
+  sshHostLoginUserMappingDAL: TSshHostLoginUserMappingDALFactory;
+  permissionService: Pick<TPermissionServiceFactory, "getProjectPermission" | "getUserProjectPermission">;
+  kmsService: Pick<TKmsServiceFactory, "createCipherPairWithDataKey">;
+};
+
+export type TSshHostServiceFactory = ReturnType<typeof sshHostServiceFactory>;
+
+export const sshHostServiceFactory = ({
+  userDAL,
+  projectDAL,
+  projectSshConfigDAL,
+  sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+  sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
+  sshCertificateDAL,
+  sshCertificateBodyDAL,
+  sshHostDAL,
+  sshHostLoginUserMappingDAL,
+  sshHostLoginUserDAL,
+  permissionService,
+  kmsService
+}: TSshHostServiceFactoryDep) => {
+  /**
+   * Return list of all SSH hosts that a user can issue user SSH certificates for
+   * (i.e. is able to access / connect to) across all SSH projects in the organization
+   */
+  const listSshHosts = async ({ actorId, actorAuthMethod, actor, actorOrgId }: TListSshHostsDTO) => {
+    if (actor !== ActorType.USER) {
+      // (dangtony98): only support user for now
+      throw new BadRequestError({ message: `Actor type ${actor} not supported` });
+    }
+
+    const sshProjects = await projectDAL.find({
+      orgId: actorOrgId,
+      type: ProjectType.SSH
+    });
+
+    const allowedHosts = [];
+
+    for await (const project of sshProjects) {
+      try {
+        await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+          actor,
+          actorId,
+          projectId: project.id,
+          actorAuthMethod,
+          actorOrgId,
+          actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+        });
+
+        const projectHosts = await sshHostDAL.findUserAccessibleSshHosts([project.id], actorId);
+
+        allowedHosts.push(...projectHosts);
+      } catch {
+        // intentionally ignore projects where user lacks access
+      }
+    }
+
+    return allowedHosts;
+  };
+
+  const createSshHost = async ({
+    projectId,
+    hostname,
+    userCertTtl,
+    hostCertTtl,
+    loginMappings,
+    userSshCaId: requestedUserSshCaId,
+    hostSshCaId: requestedHostSshCaId,
+    actorId,
+    actorAuthMethod,
+    actor,
+    actorOrgId
+  }: TCreateSshHostDTO) => {
+    const { permission } = await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      projectId,
+      actorAuthMethod,
+      actorOrgId,
+      actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+    });
+
+    ForbiddenError.from(permission).throwUnlessCan(
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Create,
+      subject(ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts, {
+        hostname
+      })
+    );
+
+    const resolveSshCaId = async ({
+      requestedId,
+      fallbackId,
+      label
+    }: {
+      requestedId?: string;
+      fallbackId?: string | null;
+      label: "User" | "Host";
+    }) => {
+      const finalId = requestedId ?? fallbackId;
+      if (!finalId) {
+        throw new BadRequestError({ message: `Missing ${label.toLowerCase()} SSH CA` });
+      }
+
+      const ca = await sshCertificateAuthorityDAL.findOne({
+        id: finalId,
+        projectId
+      });
+
+      if (!ca) {
+        throw new BadRequestError({
+          message: `${label} SSH CA with ID '${finalId}' not found in project '${projectId}'`
+        });
+      }
+
+      return ca.id;
+    };
+
+    const projectSshConfig = await projectSshConfigDAL.findOne({ projectId });
+
+    const userSshCaId = await resolveSshCaId({
+      requestedId: requestedUserSshCaId,
+      fallbackId: projectSshConfig?.defaultUserSshCaId,
+      label: "User"
+    });
+
+    const hostSshCaId = await resolveSshCaId({
+      requestedId: requestedHostSshCaId,
+      fallbackId: projectSshConfig?.defaultHostSshCaId,
+      label: "Host"
+    });
+
+    const newSshHost = await sshHostDAL.transaction(async (tx) => {
+      const host = await sshHostDAL.create(
+        {
+          projectId,
+          hostname,
+          userCertTtl,
+          hostCertTtl,
+          userSshCaId,
+          hostSshCaId
+        },
+        tx
+      );
+
+      // (dangtony98): room to optimize
+      for await (const { loginUser, allowedPrincipals } of loginMappings) {
+        const sshHostLoginUser = await sshHostLoginUserDAL.create(
+          {
+            sshHostId: host.id,
+            loginUser
+          },
+          tx
+        );
+
+        if (allowedPrincipals.usernames.length > 0) {
+          const users = await userDAL.find(
+            {
+              $in: {
+                username: allowedPrincipals.usernames
+              }
+            },
+            { tx }
+          );
+
+          const foundUsernames = new Set(users.map((u) => u.username));
+
+          for (const uname of allowedPrincipals.usernames) {
+            if (!foundUsernames.has(uname)) {
+              throw new BadRequestError({
+                message: `Invalid username: ${uname}`
+              });
+            }
+          }
+
+          for await (const user of users) {
+            // check that each user has access to the SSH project
+            await permissionService.getUserProjectPermission({
+              userId: user.id,
+              projectId,
+              authMethod: actorAuthMethod,
+              userOrgId: actorOrgId,
+              actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+            });
+          }
+
+          await sshHostLoginUserMappingDAL.insertMany(
+            users.map((user) => ({
+              sshHostLoginUserId: sshHostLoginUser.id,
+              userId: user.id
+            })),
+            tx
+          );
+        }
+      }
+
+      const newSshHostWithLoginMappings = await sshHostDAL.findSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings(host.id, tx);
+      if (!newSshHostWithLoginMappings) {
+        throw new NotFoundError({ message: `SSH host with ID '${host.id}' not found` });
+      }
+
+      return newSshHostWithLoginMappings;
+    });
+
+    return newSshHost;
+  };
+
+  const updateSshHost = async ({
+    sshHostId,
+    hostname,
+    userCertTtl,
+    hostCertTtl,
+    loginMappings,
+    actorId,
+    actorAuthMethod,
+    actor,
+    actorOrgId
+  }: TUpdateSshHostDTO) => {
+    const host = await sshHostDAL.findById(sshHostId);
+    if (!host) throw new NotFoundError({ message: `SSH host with ID '${sshHostId}' not found` });
+
+    const { permission } = await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      projectId: host.projectId,
+      actorAuthMethod,
+      actorOrgId,
+      actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+    });
+
+    ForbiddenError.from(permission).throwUnlessCan(
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Edit,
+      subject(ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts, {
+        hostname: host.hostname
+      })
+    );
+
+    const updatedHost = await sshHostDAL.transaction(async (tx) => {
+      await sshHostDAL.updateById(
+        sshHostId,
+        {
+          hostname,
+          userCertTtl,
+          hostCertTtl
+        },
+        tx
+      );
+
+      if (loginMappings) {
+        await sshHostLoginUserDAL.delete({ sshHostId: host.id }, tx);
+        if (loginMappings.length) {
+          for await (const { loginUser, allowedPrincipals } of loginMappings) {
+            const sshHostLoginUser = await sshHostLoginUserDAL.create(
+              {
+                sshHostId: host.id,
+                loginUser
+              },
+              tx
+            );
+
+            if (allowedPrincipals.usernames.length > 0) {
+              const users = await userDAL.find(
+                {
+                  $in: {
+                    username: allowedPrincipals.usernames
+                  }
+                },
+                { tx }
+              );
+
+              const foundUsernames = new Set(users.map((u) => u.username));
+
+              for (const uname of allowedPrincipals.usernames) {
+                if (!foundUsernames.has(uname)) {
+                  throw new BadRequestError({
+                    message: `Invalid username: ${uname}`
+                  });
+                }
+              }
+
+              for await (const user of users) {
+                await permissionService.getUserProjectPermission({
+                  userId: user.id,
+                  projectId: host.projectId,
+                  authMethod: actorAuthMethod,
+                  userOrgId: actorOrgId,
+                  actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+                });
+              }
+
+              await sshHostLoginUserMappingDAL.insertMany(
+                users.map((user) => ({
+                  sshHostLoginUserId: sshHostLoginUser.id,
+                  userId: user.id
+                })),
+                tx
+              );
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      const updatedHostWithLoginMappings = await sshHostDAL.findSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings(sshHostId, tx);
+      if (!updatedHostWithLoginMappings) {
+        throw new NotFoundError({ message: `SSH host with ID '${sshHostId}' not found` });
+      }
+
+      return updatedHostWithLoginMappings;
+    });
+
+    return updatedHost;
+  };
+
+  const deleteSshHost = async ({ sshHostId, actorId, actorAuthMethod, actor, actorOrgId }: TDeleteSshHostDTO) => {
+    const host = await sshHostDAL.findSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings(sshHostId);
+    if (!host) throw new NotFoundError({ message: `SSH host with ID '${sshHostId}' not found` });
+
+    const { permission } = await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      projectId: host.projectId,
+      actorAuthMethod,
+      actorOrgId,
+      actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+    });
+
+    ForbiddenError.from(permission).throwUnlessCan(
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Delete,
+      subject(ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts, {
+        hostname: host.hostname
+      })
+    );
+
+    await sshHostDAL.deleteById(sshHostId);
+
+    return host;
+  };
+
+  const getSshHost = async ({ sshHostId, actorId, actorAuthMethod, actor, actorOrgId }: TGetSshHostDTO) => {
+    const host = await sshHostDAL.findSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings(sshHostId);
+    if (!host) {
+      throw new NotFoundError({
+        message: `SSH host with ID ${sshHostId} not found`
+      });
+    }
+
+    const { permission } = await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      projectId: host.projectId,
+      actorAuthMethod,
+      actorOrgId,
+      actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+    });
+
+    ForbiddenError.from(permission).throwUnlessCan(
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Read,
+      subject(ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts, {
+        hostname: host.hostname
+      })
+    );
+
+    return host;
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * Return SSH certificate and corresponding new SSH public-private key pair where
+   * SSH public key is signed using CA behind SSH certificate with name [templateName].
+   *
+   * Note: Used for issuing SSH credentials as part of request against a specific SSH Host.
+   */
+  const issueSshHostUserCert = async ({
+    sshHostId,
+    loginUser,
+    actor,
+    actorId,
+    actorAuthMethod,
+    actorOrgId
+  }: TIssueSshHostUserCertDTO) => {
+    const host = await sshHostDAL.findSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings(sshHostId);
+    if (!host) {
+      throw new NotFoundError({
+        message: `SSH host with ID ${sshHostId} not found`
+      });
+    }
+
+    await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      projectId: host.projectId,
+      actorAuthMethod,
+      actorOrgId,
+      actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+    });
+
+    const internalPrincipals = await convertActorToPrincipals({
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      userDAL
+    });
+
+    const mapping = host.loginMappings.find(
+      (m) =>
+        m.loginUser === loginUser &&
+        m.allowedPrincipals.usernames.some((allowed) => internalPrincipals.includes(allowed))
+    );
+
+    if (!mapping) {
+      throw new UnauthorizedError({
+        message: `You are not allowed to login as ${loginUser} on this host`
+      });
+    }
+
+    const keyId = `${actor}-${actorId}`;
+
+    const sshCaSecret = await sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL.findOne({ sshCaId: host.userSshCaId });
+
+    const { decryptor: secretManagerDecryptor } = await kmsService.createCipherPairWithDataKey({
+      type: KmsDataKey.SecretManager,
+      projectId: host.projectId
+    });
+
+    const decryptedCaPrivateKey = secretManagerDecryptor({
+      cipherTextBlob: sshCaSecret.encryptedPrivateKey
+    });
+
+    // (dangtony98): will support more algorithms in the future
+    const keyAlgorithm = SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519;
+    const { publicKey, privateKey } = await createSshKeyPair(keyAlgorithm);
+
+    // (dangtony98): include the loginUser as a principal on the issued certificate
+    const principals = [...internalPrincipals, loginUser];
+
+    const { serialNumber, signedPublicKey, ttl } = await createSshCert({
+      caPrivateKey: decryptedCaPrivateKey.toString("utf8"),
+      clientPublicKey: publicKey,
+      keyId,
+      principals,
+      requestedTtl: host.userCertTtl,
+      certType: SshCertType.USER
+    });
+
+    const { encryptor: secretManagerEncryptor } = await kmsService.createCipherPairWithDataKey({
+      type: KmsDataKey.SecretManager,
+      projectId: host.projectId
+    });
+
+    const encryptedCertificate = secretManagerEncryptor({
+      plainText: Buffer.from(signedPublicKey, "utf8")
+    }).cipherTextBlob;
+
+    await sshCertificateDAL.transaction(async (tx) => {
+      const cert = await sshCertificateDAL.create(
+        {
+          sshCaId: host.userSshCaId,
+          sshHostId: host.id,
+          serialNumber,
+          certType: SshCertType.USER,
+          principals,
+          keyId,
+          notBefore: new Date(),
+          notAfter: new Date(Date.now() + ttl * 1000)
+        },
+        tx
+      );
+
+      await sshCertificateBodyDAL.create(
+        {
+          sshCertId: cert.id,
+          encryptedCertificate
+        },
+        tx
+      );
+    });
+
+    return {
+      host,
+      principals,
+      serialNumber,
+      signedPublicKey,
+      privateKey,
+      publicKey,
+      ttl,
+      keyAlgorithm
+    };
+  };
+
+  const issueSshHostHostCert = async ({
+    sshHostId,
+    publicKey,
+    actor,
+    actorId,
+    actorAuthMethod,
+    actorOrgId
+  }: TIssueSshHostHostCertDTO) => {
+    const host = await sshHostDAL.findSshHostByIdWithLoginMappings(sshHostId);
+    if (!host) {
+      throw new NotFoundError({
+        message: `SSH host with ID ${sshHostId} not found`
+      });
+    }
+
+    const { permission } = await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      projectId: host.projectId,
+      actorAuthMethod,
+      actorOrgId,
+      actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+    });
+
+    ForbiddenError.from(permission).throwUnlessCan(
+      ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.IssueHostCert,
+      subject(ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts, {
+        hostname: host.hostname
+      })
+    );
+
+    const sshCaSecret = await sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL.findOne({ sshCaId: host.hostSshCaId });
+
+    const { decryptor: secretManagerDecryptor } = await kmsService.createCipherPairWithDataKey({
+      type: KmsDataKey.SecretManager,
+      projectId: host.projectId
+    });
+
+    const decryptedCaPrivateKey = secretManagerDecryptor({
+      cipherTextBlob: sshCaSecret.encryptedPrivateKey
+    });
+
+    const principals = [host.hostname];
+    const keyId = `host-${host.id}`;
+
+    const { serialNumber, signedPublicKey, ttl } = await createSshCert({
+      caPrivateKey: decryptedCaPrivateKey.toString("utf8"),
+      clientPublicKey: publicKey,
+      keyId,
+      principals,
+      requestedTtl: host.hostCertTtl,
+      certType: SshCertType.HOST
+    });
+
+    const { encryptor: secretManagerEncryptor } = await kmsService.createCipherPairWithDataKey({
+      type: KmsDataKey.SecretManager,
+      projectId: host.projectId
+    });
+
+    const encryptedCertificate = secretManagerEncryptor({
+      plainText: Buffer.from(signedPublicKey, "utf8")
+    }).cipherTextBlob;
+
+    await sshCertificateDAL.transaction(async (tx) => {
+      const cert = await sshCertificateDAL.create(
+        {
+          sshCaId: host.hostSshCaId,
+          sshHostId: host.id,
+          serialNumber,
+          certType: SshCertType.HOST,
+          principals,
+          keyId,
+          notBefore: new Date(),
+          notAfter: new Date(Date.now() + ttl * 1000)
+        },
+        tx
+      );
+
+      await sshCertificateBodyDAL.create(
+        {
+          sshCertId: cert.id,
+          encryptedCertificate
+        },
+        tx
+      );
+    });
+
+    return { host, principals, serialNumber, signedPublicKey };
+  };
+
+  const getSshHostUserCaPk = async (sshHostId: string) => {
+    const host = await sshHostDAL.findById(sshHostId);
+    if (!host) {
+      throw new NotFoundError({
+        message: `SSH host with ID ${sshHostId} not found`
+      });
+    }
+
+    const sshCaSecret = await sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL.findOne({ sshCaId: host.userSshCaId });
+
+    const { decryptor: secretManagerDecryptor } = await kmsService.createCipherPairWithDataKey({
+      type: KmsDataKey.SecretManager,
+      projectId: host.projectId
+    });
+
+    const decryptedCaPrivateKey = secretManagerDecryptor({
+      cipherTextBlob: sshCaSecret.encryptedPrivateKey
+    });
+
+    const publicKey = await getSshPublicKey(decryptedCaPrivateKey.toString("utf-8"));
+
+    return publicKey;
+  };
+
+  const getSshHostHostCaPk = async (sshHostId: string) => {
+    const host = await sshHostDAL.findById(sshHostId);
+    if (!host) {
+      throw new NotFoundError({
+        message: `SSH host with ID ${sshHostId} not found`
+      });
+    }
+
+    const sshCaSecret = await sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL.findOne({ sshCaId: host.hostSshCaId });
+
+    const { decryptor: secretManagerDecryptor } = await kmsService.createCipherPairWithDataKey({
+      type: KmsDataKey.SecretManager,
+      projectId: host.projectId
+    });
+
+    const decryptedCaPrivateKey = secretManagerDecryptor({
+      cipherTextBlob: sshCaSecret.encryptedPrivateKey
+    });
+
+    const publicKey = await getSshPublicKey(decryptedCaPrivateKey.toString("utf-8"));
+
+    return publicKey;
+  };
+
+  return {
+    listSshHosts,
+    createSshHost,
+    updateSshHost,
+    deleteSshHost,
+    getSshHost,
+    issueSshHostUserCert,
+    issueSshHostHostCert,
+    getSshHostUserCaPk,
+    getSshHostHostCaPk
+  };
+};

backend/src/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { TProjectPermission } from "@app/lib/types";
+
+export type TListSshHostsDTO = Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
+
+export type TCreateSshHostDTO = {
+  hostname: string;
+  userCertTtl: string;
+  hostCertTtl: string;
+  loginMappings: {
+    loginUser: string;
+    allowedPrincipals: {
+      usernames: string[];
+    };
+  }[];
+  userSshCaId?: string;
+  hostSshCaId?: string;
+} & TProjectPermission;
+
+export type TUpdateSshHostDTO = {
+  sshHostId: string;
+  hostname?: string;
+  userCertTtl?: string;
+  hostCertTtl?: string;
+  loginMappings?: {
+    loginUser: string;
+    allowedPrincipals: {
+      usernames: string[];
+    };
+  }[];
+} & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
+
+export type TGetSshHostDTO = {
+  sshHostId: string;
+} & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
+
+export type TDeleteSshHostDTO = {
+  sshHostId: string;
+} & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
+
+export type TIssueSshHostUserCertDTO = {
+  sshHostId: string;
+  loginUser: string;
+} & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
+
+export type TIssueSshHostHostCertDTO = {
+  sshHostId: string;
+  publicKey: string;
+} & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;

backend/src/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-validators.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import { isFQDN } from "@app/lib/validator/validate-url";
+
+export const isValidHostname = (value: string): boolean => {
+  if (typeof value !== "string") return false;
+  if (value.length > 255) return false;
+
+  // Only allow strict FQDNs, no wildcards or IPs
+  return isFQDN(value, {
+    require_tld: true,
+    allow_underscores: false,
+    allow_trailing_dot: false,
+    allow_numeric_tld: true,
+    allow_wildcard: false
+  });
+};

backend/src/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-login-user-dal.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import { TDbClient } from "@app/db";
+import { TableName } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { ormify } from "@app/lib/knex";
+
+export type TSshHostLoginUserDALFactory = ReturnType<typeof sshHostLoginUserDALFactory>;
+
+export const sshHostLoginUserDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
+  const sshHostLoginUserOrm = ormify(db, TableName.SshHostLoginUser);
+  return sshHostLoginUserOrm;
+};

backend/src/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-fns.ts

@@ -1,21 +1,31 @@
 import { execFile } from "child_process";
 import crypto from "crypto";
 import { promises as fs } from "fs";
+import { Knex } from "knex";
 import os from "os";
 import path from "path";
 import { promisify } from "util";
 
 import { TSshCertificateTemplates } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { SshCertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-types";
 import { BadRequestError } from "@app/lib/errors";
 import { ms } from "@app/lib/ms";
 import { CharacterType, characterValidator } from "@app/lib/validator/validate-string";
-import { CertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/services/certificate/certificate-types";
+import { ActorType } from "@app/services/auth/auth-type";
+import { KmsDataKey } from "@app/services/kms/kms-types";
 
 import {
   isValidHostPattern,
   isValidUserPattern
 } from "../ssh-certificate-template/ssh-certificate-template-validators";
-import { SshCertType, TCreateSshCertDTO } from "./ssh-certificate-authority-types";
+import {
+  SshCaKeySource,
+  SshCaStatus,
+  SshCertType,
+  TConvertActorToPrincipalsDTO,
+  TCreateSshCaHelperDTO,
+  TCreateSshCertDTO
+} from "./ssh-certificate-authority-types";
 
 const execFileAsync = promisify(execFile);
 
@@ -31,31 +41,35 @@ export const createSshCertSerialNumber = () => {
  * Return a pair of SSH CA keys based on the specified key algorithm [keyAlgorithm].
  * We use this function because the key format generated by `ssh-keygen` is unique.
  */
-export const createSshKeyPair = async (keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm) => {
+export const createSshKeyPair = async (keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm) => {
   const tempDir = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "ssh-key-"));
   const privateKeyFile = path.join(tempDir, "id_key");
   const publicKeyFile = `${privateKeyFile}.pub`;
 
   let keyType: string;
-  let keyBits: string;
+  let keyBits: string | null;
 
   switch (keyAlgorithm) {
-    case CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048:
+    case SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048:
       keyType = "rsa";
       keyBits = "2048";
       break;
-    case CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096:
+    case SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096:
       keyType = "rsa";
       keyBits = "4096";
       break;
-    case CertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256:
+    case SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256:
       keyType = "ecdsa";
       keyBits = "256";
       break;
-    case CertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384:
+    case SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384:
       keyType = "ecdsa";
       keyBits = "384";
       break;
+    case SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519:
+      keyType = "ed25519";
+      keyBits = null;
+      break;
     default:
       throw new BadRequestError({
         message: "Failed to produce SSH CA key pair generation command due to unrecognized key algorithm"
@@ -63,10 +77,16 @@ export const createSshKeyPair = async (keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm) => {
   }
 
   try {
+    const args = ["-t", keyType];
+    if (keyBits !== null) {
+      args.push("-b", keyBits);
+    }
+    args.push("-f", privateKeyFile, "-N", "");
+
     // Generate the SSH key pair
     // The "-N ''" sets an empty passphrase
     // The keys are created in the temporary directory
-    await execFileAsync("ssh-keygen", ["-t", keyType, "-b", keyBits, "-f", privateKeyFile, "-N", ""], {
+    await execFileAsync("ssh-keygen", args, {
       timeout: EXEC_TIMEOUT_MS
     });
 
@@ -280,7 +300,12 @@ export const validateSshCertificateTtl = (template: TSshCertificateTemplates, tt
  * that it only contains alphanumeric characters with no spaces.
  */
 export const validateSshCertificateKeyId = (keyId: string) => {
-  const regex = characterValidator([CharacterType.AlphaNumeric, CharacterType.Hyphen]);
+  const regex = characterValidator([
+    CharacterType.AlphaNumeric,
+    CharacterType.Hyphen,
+    CharacterType.Colon,
+    CharacterType.Period
+  ]);
   if (!regex(keyId)) {
     throw new BadRequestError({
       message:
@@ -322,6 +347,96 @@ const validateSshPublicKey = async (publicKey: string) => {
   }
 };
 
+export const getKeyAlgorithmFromFingerprintOutput = (output: string): SshCertKeyAlgorithm | undefined => {
+  const parts = output.trim().split(" ");
+  const bitsInt = parseInt(parts[0], 10);
+  const keyTypeRaw = parts.at(-1)?.replace(/[()]/g, ""); // remove surrounding parentheses
+
+  if (keyTypeRaw === "RSA") {
+    return bitsInt === 2048 ? SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048 : SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096;
+  }
+
+  if (keyTypeRaw === "ECDSA") {
+    return bitsInt === 256 ? SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256 : SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384;
+  }
+
+  if (keyTypeRaw === "ED25519") {
+    return SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519;
+  }
+
+  return undefined;
+};
+
+export const normalizeSshPrivateKey = (raw: string): string => {
+  return `${raw
+    .replace(/\r\n/g, "\n") // Windows CRLF → LF
+    .replace(/\r/g, "\n") // Old Mac CR → LF
+    .replace(/\\n/g, "\n") // Double-escaped \n
+    .trim()}\n`;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Validate the format of the SSH private key
+ *
+ * Returns the SSH public key corresponding to the private key
+ * and the key algorithm categorization.
+ */
+export const validateSshPrivateKey = async (privateKey: string) => {
+  const tempDir = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "ssh-privkey-"));
+  const privateKeyFile = path.join(tempDir, "id_key");
+
+  try {
+    await fs.writeFile(privateKeyFile, privateKey, {
+      encoding: "utf8",
+      mode: 0o600
+    });
+
+    // This will fail if the private key is malformed or unreadable
+    const { stdout: publicKey } = await execFileAsync("ssh-keygen", ["-y", "-f", privateKeyFile], {
+      timeout: EXEC_TIMEOUT_MS
+    });
+
+    const { stdout: fingerprint } = await execFileAsync("ssh-keygen", ["-lf", privateKeyFile]);
+    const keyAlgorithm = getKeyAlgorithmFromFingerprintOutput(fingerprint);
+
+    if (!keyAlgorithm) {
+      throw new BadRequestError({
+        message: "Failed to validate SSH private key format: The key algorithm is not supported."
+      });
+    }
+
+    return {
+      publicKey,
+      keyAlgorithm
+    };
+  } catch (err) {
+    throw new BadRequestError({
+      message: "Failed to validate SSH private key format: could not be parsed."
+    });
+  } finally {
+    await fs.rm(tempDir, { recursive: true, force: true }).catch(() => {});
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Validate that the provided public and private keys are valid and constitute
+ * a matching SSH key pair.
+ */
+export const validateExternalSshCaKeyPair = async (publicKey: string, privateKey: string) => {
+  await validateSshPublicKey(publicKey);
+
+  const { publicKey: derivedPublicKey, keyAlgorithm } = await validateSshPrivateKey(privateKey);
+
+  if (publicKey.trim() !== derivedPublicKey.trim()) {
+    throw new BadRequestError({
+      message:
+        "Failed to validate matching SSH key pair: The provided public key does not match the public key derived from the private key."
+    });
+  }
+
+  return keyAlgorithm;
+};
+
 /**
  * Create an SSH certificate for a user or host.
  */
@@ -331,17 +446,32 @@ export const createSshCert = async ({
   clientPublicKey,
   keyId,
   principals,
-  requestedTtl,
+  requestedTtl, // in ms lib format
   certType
 }: TCreateSshCertDTO) => {
-  // validate if the requested [certType] is allowed under the template configuration
-  validateSshCertificateType(template, certType);
+  let ttl: number | undefined;
 
-  // validate if the requested [principals] are valid for the given [certType] under the template configuration
-  validateSshCertificatePrincipals(certType, template, principals);
+  if (!template && requestedTtl) {
+    const parsedTtl = Math.ceil(ms(requestedTtl) / 1000);
+    if (parsedTtl > 0) ttl = parsedTtl;
+  }
 
-  // validate if the requested TTL is valid under the template configuration
-  const ttl = validateSshCertificateTtl(template, requestedTtl);
+  if (template) {
+    // validate if the requested [certType] is allowed under the template configuration
+    validateSshCertificateType(template, certType);
+
+    // validate if the requested [principals] are valid for the given [certType] under the template configuration
+    validateSshCertificatePrincipals(certType, template, principals);
+
+    // validate if the requested TTL is valid under the template configuration
+    ttl = validateSshCertificateTtl(template, requestedTtl);
+  }
+
+  if (!ttl) {
+    throw new BadRequestError({
+      message: "Failed to create SSH certificate due to missing TTL"
+    });
+  }
 
   validateSshCertificateKeyId(keyId);
   await validateSshPublicKey(clientPublicKey);
@@ -388,3 +518,88 @@ export const createSshCert = async ({
     await fs.rm(tempDir, { recursive: true, force: true }).catch(() => {});
   }
 };
+
+export const createSshCaHelper = async ({
+  projectId,
+  friendlyName,
+  keyAlgorithm: requestedKeyAlgorithm,
+  keySource,
+  externalPk,
+  externalSk,
+  sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+  sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
+  kmsService,
+  tx: outerTx
+}: TCreateSshCaHelperDTO) => {
+  // Function to handle the actual creation logic
+  const processCreation = async (tx: Knex) => {
+    let publicKey: string;
+    let privateKey: string;
+    let keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm = requestedKeyAlgorithm;
+    if (keySource === SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL) {
+      // generate SSH CA key pair internally
+      ({ publicKey, privateKey } = await createSshKeyPair(requestedKeyAlgorithm));
+    } else {
+      // use external SSH CA key pair
+      if (!externalPk || !externalSk) {
+        throw new BadRequestError({
+          message: "Public and private keys are required when key source is external"
+        });
+      }
+      publicKey = externalPk;
+      privateKey = externalSk;
+      keyAlgorithm = await validateExternalSshCaKeyPair(publicKey, privateKey);
+    }
+    const ca = await sshCertificateAuthorityDAL.create(
+      {
+        projectId,
+        friendlyName,
+        status: SshCaStatus.ACTIVE,
+        keyAlgorithm,
+        keySource
+      },
+      tx
+    );
+    const { encryptor: secretManagerEncryptor } = await kmsService.createCipherPairWithDataKey(
+      {
+        type: KmsDataKey.SecretManager,
+        projectId
+      },
+      tx
+    );
+    await sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL.create(
+      {
+        sshCaId: ca.id,
+        encryptedPrivateKey: secretManagerEncryptor({ plainText: Buffer.from(privateKey, "utf8") }).cipherTextBlob
+      },
+      tx
+    );
+    return { ...ca, publicKey };
+  };
+
+  if (outerTx) {
+    return processCreation(outerTx);
+  }
+
+  return sshCertificateAuthorityDAL.transaction(processCreation);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Convert an actor to a list of principals to be included in an SSH certificate.
+ *
+ * (dangtony98): This function is only supported for user actors at the moment and returns
+ * only the email of the associated user. In the future, we will consider other
+ * actor types and attributes such as group membership slugs and/or metadata to be
+ * included in the list of principals.
+ */
+export const convertActorToPrincipals = async ({ userDAL, actor, actorId }: TConvertActorToPrincipalsDTO) => {
+  if (actor !== ActorType.USER) {
+    throw new BadRequestError({
+      message: "Failed to convert actor to principals due to unsupported actor type"
+    });
+  }
+
+  const user = await userDAL.findById(actorId);
+
+  return [user.username];
+};

backend/src/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-schema.ts

@@ -5,5 +5,6 @@ export const sanitizedSshCa = SshCertificateAuthoritiesSchema.pick({
   projectId: true,
   friendlyName: true,
   status: true,
-  keyAlgorithm: true
+  keyAlgorithm: true,
+  keySource: true
 });

backend/src/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-service.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import { TKmsServiceFactory } from "@app/services/kms/kms-service";
 import { KmsDataKey } from "@app/services/kms/kms-types";
 
 import { SshCertTemplateStatus } from "../ssh-certificate-template/ssh-certificate-template-types";
-import { createSshCert, createSshKeyPair, getSshPublicKey } from "./ssh-certificate-authority-fns";
+import { createSshCaHelper, createSshCert, createSshKeyPair, getSshPublicKey } from "./ssh-certificate-authority-fns";
 import {
   SshCaStatus,
   TCreateSshCaDTO,
@@ -59,7 +59,10 @@ export const sshCertificateAuthorityServiceFactory = ({
   const createSshCa = async ({
     projectId,
     friendlyName,
-    keyAlgorithm,
+    keyAlgorithm: requestedKeyAlgorithm,
+    publicKey: externalPk,
+    privateKey: externalSk,
+    keySource,
     actorId,
     actorAuthMethod,
     actor,
@@ -79,33 +82,16 @@ export const sshCertificateAuthorityServiceFactory = ({
       ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateAuthorities
     );
 
-    const newCa = await sshCertificateAuthorityDAL.transaction(async (tx) => {
-      const ca = await sshCertificateAuthorityDAL.create(
-        {
-          projectId,
-          friendlyName,
-          status: SshCaStatus.ACTIVE,
-          keyAlgorithm
-        },
-        tx
-      );
-
-      const { publicKey, privateKey } = await createSshKeyPair(keyAlgorithm);
-
-      const { encryptor: secretManagerEncryptor } = await kmsService.createCipherPairWithDataKey({
-        type: KmsDataKey.SecretManager,
-        projectId
-      });
-
-      await sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL.create(
-        {
-          sshCaId: ca.id,
-          encryptedPrivateKey: secretManagerEncryptor({ plainText: Buffer.from(privateKey, "utf8") }).cipherTextBlob
-        },
-        tx
-      );
-
-      return { ...ca, publicKey };
+    const newCa = await createSshCaHelper({
+      projectId,
+      friendlyName,
+      keyAlgorithm: requestedKeyAlgorithm,
+      keySource,
+      externalPk,
+      externalSk,
+      sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+      sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
+      kmsService
     });
 
     return newCa;

backend/src/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-types.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,24 @@
+import { Knex } from "knex";
+
 import { TSshCertificateTemplates } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { TSshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-dal";
+import { TSshCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-secret-dal";
+import { SshCertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-types";
 import { TProjectPermission } from "@app/lib/types";
-import { CertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/services/certificate/certificate-types";
+import { ActorType } from "@app/services/auth/auth-type";
+import { TKmsServiceFactory } from "@app/services/kms/kms-service";
+import { TUserDALFactory } from "@app/services/user/user-dal";
 
 export enum SshCaStatus {
   ACTIVE = "active",
   DISABLED = "disabled"
 }
 
+export enum SshCaKeySource {
+  INTERNAL = "internal",
+  EXTERNAL = "external"
+}
+
 export enum SshCertType {
   USER = "user",
   HOST = "host"
@@ -14,9 +26,25 @@ export enum SshCertType {
 
 export type TCreateSshCaDTO = {
   friendlyName: string;
-  keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm;
+  keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm;
+  publicKey?: string;
+  privateKey?: string;
+  keySource: SshCaKeySource;
 } & TProjectPermission;
 
+export type TCreateSshCaHelperDTO = {
+  projectId: string;
+  friendlyName: string;
+  keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm;
+  keySource: SshCaKeySource;
+  externalPk?: string;
+  externalSk?: string;
+  sshCertificateAuthorityDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory, "transaction" | "create">;
+  sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory, "create">;
+  kmsService: Pick<TKmsServiceFactory, "createCipherPairWithDataKey">;
+  tx?: Knex;
+};
+
 export type TGetSshCaDTO = {
   caId: string;
 } & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
@@ -37,7 +65,7 @@ export type TDeleteSshCaDTO = {
 
 export type TIssueSshCredsDTO = {
   certificateTemplateId: string;
-  keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm;
+  keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm;
   certType: SshCertType;
   principals: string[];
   ttl?: string;
@@ -58,7 +86,7 @@ export type TGetSshCaCertificateTemplatesDTO = {
 } & Omit<TProjectPermission, "projectId">;
 
 export type TCreateSshCertDTO = {
-  template: TSshCertificateTemplates;
+  template?: TSshCertificateTemplates;
   caPrivateKey: string;
   clientPublicKey: string;
   keyId: string;
@@ -66,3 +94,9 @@ export type TCreateSshCertDTO = {
   requestedTtl?: string;
   certType: SshCertType;
 };
+
+export type TConvertActorToPrincipalsDTO = {
+  actor: ActorType;
+  actorId: string;
+  userDAL: Pick<TUserDALFactory, "findById">;
+};

backend/src/lib/api-docs/constants.ts

@@ -519,6 +519,9 @@ export const PROJECTS = {
   LIST_SSH_CAS: {
     projectId: "The ID of the project to list SSH CAs for."
   },
+  LIST_SSH_HOSTS: {
+    projectId: "The ID of the project to list SSH hosts for."
+  },
   LIST_SSH_CERTIFICATES: {
     projectId: "The ID of the project to list SSH certificates for.",
     offset: "The offset to start from. If you enter 10, it will start from the 10th SSH certificate.",
@@ -1253,7 +1256,11 @@ export const SSH_CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES = {
   CREATE: {
     projectId: "The ID of the project to create the SSH CA in.",
     friendlyName: "A friendly name for the SSH CA.",
-    keyAlgorithm: "The type of public key algorithm and size, in bits, of the key pair for the SSH CA."
+    keyAlgorithm:
+      "The type of public key algorithm and size, in bits, of the key pair for the SSH CA; required if keySource is internal.",
+    publicKey: "The public key for the SSH CA key pair; required if keySource is external.",
+    privateKey: "The private key for the SSH CA key pair; required if keySource is external.",
+    keySource: "The source of the SSH CA key pair. This can be one of internal or external."
   },
   GET: {
     sshCaId: "The ID of the SSH CA to get."
@@ -1327,6 +1334,62 @@ export const SSH_CERTIFICATE_TEMPLATES = {
   }
 };
 
+export const SSH_HOSTS = {
+  GET: {
+    sshHostId: "The ID of the SSH host to get."
+  },
+  CREATE: {
+    projectId: "The ID of the project to create the SSH host in.",
+    hostname: "The hostname of the SSH host.",
+    userCertTtl: "The time to live for user certificates issued under this host.",
+    hostCertTtl: "The time to live for host certificates issued under this host.",
+    loginUser: "A login user on the remote machine (e.g. 'ec2-user', 'deploy', 'admin')",
+    allowedPrincipals: "A list of allowed principals that can log in as the login user.",
+    loginMappings:
+      "A list of login mappings for the SSH host. Each login mapping contains a login user and a list of corresponding allowed principals being usernames of users in the Infisical SSH project.",
+    userSshCaId:
+      "The ID of the SSH CA to use for user certificates. If not specified, the default user SSH CA will be used if it exists.",
+    hostSshCaId:
+      "The ID of the SSH CA to use for host certificates. If not specified, the default host SSH CA will be used if it exists."
+  },
+  UPDATE: {
+    sshHostId: "The ID of the SSH host to update.",
+    hostname: "The hostname of the SSH host to update to.",
+    userCertTtl: "The time to live for user certificates issued under this host to update to.",
+    hostCertTtl: "The time to live for host certificates issued under this host to update to.",
+    loginUser: "A login user on the remote machine (e.g. 'ec2-user', 'deploy', 'admin')",
+    allowedPrincipals: "A list of allowed principals that can log in as the login user.",
+    loginMappings:
+      "A list of login mappings for the SSH host. Each login mapping contains a login user and a list of corresponding allowed principals being usernames of users in the Infisical SSH project."
+  },
+  DELETE: {
+    sshHostId: "The ID of the SSH host to delete."
+  },
+  ISSUE_SSH_CREDENTIALS: {
+    sshHostId: "The ID of the SSH host to issue the SSH credentials for.",
+    loginUser: "The login user to issue the SSH credentials for.",
+    keyAlgorithm: "The type of public key algorithm and size, in bits, of the key pair for the SSH host.",
+    serialNumber: "The serial number of the issued SSH certificate.",
+    signedKey: "The SSH certificate or signed SSH public key.",
+    privateKey: "The private key corresponding to the issued SSH certificate.",
+    publicKey: "The public key of the issued SSH certificate."
+  },
+  ISSUE_HOST_CERT: {
+    sshHostId: "The ID of the SSH host to issue the SSH certificate for.",
+    publicKey: "The SSH public key to issue the SSH certificate for.",
+    serialNumber: "The serial number of the issued SSH certificate.",
+    signedKey: "The SSH certificate or signed SSH public key."
+  },
+  GET_USER_CA_PUBLIC_KEY: {
+    sshHostId: "The ID of the SSH host to get the user SSH CA public key for.",
+    publicKey: "The public key of the user SSH CA linked to the SSH host."
+  },
+  GET_HOST_CA_PUBLIC_KEY: {
+    sshHostId: "The ID of the SSH host to get the host SSH CA public key for.",
+    publicKey: "The public key of the host SSH CA linked to the SSH host."
+  }
+};
+
 export const CERTIFICATE_AUTHORITIES = {
   CREATE: {
     projectSlug: "Slug of the project to create the CA in.",

backend/src/server/config/rateLimiter.ts

@@ -93,3 +93,10 @@ export const userEngagementLimit: RateLimitOptions = {
   max: 5,
   keyGenerator: (req) => req.realIp
 };
+
+export const publicSshCaLimit: RateLimitOptions = {
+  timeWindow: 60 * 1000,
+  hook: "preValidation",
+  max: 30, // conservative default
+  keyGenerator: (req) => req.realIp
+};

backend/src/server/routes/index.ts

@@ -96,6 +96,10 @@ import { sshCertificateBodyDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/s
 import { sshCertificateDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-dal";
 import { sshCertificateTemplateDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate-template/ssh-certificate-template-dal";
 import { sshCertificateTemplateServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate-template/ssh-certificate-template-service";
+import { sshHostDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-dal";
+import { sshHostLoginUserMappingDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-login-user-mapping-dal";
+import { sshHostServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-service";
+import { sshHostLoginUserDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-login-user-dal";
 import { trustedIpDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/trusted-ip/trusted-ip-dal";
 import { trustedIpServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/trusted-ip/trusted-ip-service";
 import { TKeyStoreFactory } from "@app/keystore/keystore";
@@ -184,6 +188,7 @@ import { pkiCollectionServiceFactory } from "@app/services/pki-collection/pki-co
 import { projectDALFactory } from "@app/services/project/project-dal";
 import { projectQueueFactory } from "@app/services/project/project-queue";
 import { projectServiceFactory } from "@app/services/project/project-service";
+import { projectSshConfigDALFactory } from "@app/services/project/project-ssh-config-dal";
 import { projectBotDALFactory } from "@app/services/project-bot/project-bot-dal";
 import { projectBotServiceFactory } from "@app/services/project-bot/project-bot-service";
 import { projectEnvDALFactory } from "@app/services/project-env/project-env-dal";
@@ -292,6 +297,7 @@ export const registerRoutes = async (
   const apiKeyDAL = apiKeyDALFactory(db);
 
   const projectDAL = projectDALFactory(db);
+  const projectSshConfigDAL = projectSshConfigDALFactory(db);
   const projectMembershipDAL = projectMembershipDALFactory(db);
   const projectUserAdditionalPrivilegeDAL = projectUserAdditionalPrivilegeDALFactory(db);
   const projectUserMembershipRoleDAL = projectUserMembershipRoleDALFactory(db);
@@ -385,6 +391,9 @@ export const registerRoutes = async (
   const sshCertificateAuthorityDAL = sshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory(db);
   const sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL = sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory(db);
   const sshCertificateTemplateDAL = sshCertificateTemplateDALFactory(db);
+  const sshHostDAL = sshHostDALFactory(db);
+  const sshHostLoginUserDAL = sshHostLoginUserDALFactory(db);
+  const sshHostLoginUserMappingDAL = sshHostLoginUserMappingDALFactory(db);
 
   const kmsDAL = kmskeyDALFactory(db);
   const internalKmsDAL = internalKmsDALFactory(db);
@@ -796,6 +805,21 @@ export const registerRoutes = async (
     permissionService
   });
 
+  const sshHostService = sshHostServiceFactory({
+    userDAL,
+    projectDAL,
+    projectSshConfigDAL,
+    sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+    sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
+    sshCertificateDAL,
+    sshCertificateBodyDAL,
+    sshHostDAL,
+    sshHostLoginUserDAL,
+    sshHostLoginUserMappingDAL,
+    permissionService,
+    kmsService
+  });
+
   const certificateAuthorityService = certificateAuthorityServiceFactory({
     certificateAuthorityDAL,
     certificateAuthorityCertDAL,
@@ -938,6 +962,7 @@ export const registerRoutes = async (
   const projectService = projectServiceFactory({
     permissionService,
     projectDAL,
+    projectSshConfigDAL,
     secretDAL,
     secretV2BridgeDAL,
     queueService,
@@ -959,8 +984,10 @@ export const registerRoutes = async (
     pkiAlertDAL,
     pkiCollectionDAL,
     sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+    sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
     sshCertificateDAL,
     sshCertificateTemplateDAL,
+    sshHostDAL,
     projectUserMembershipRoleDAL,
     identityProjectMembershipRoleDAL,
     keyStore,
@@ -1603,6 +1630,7 @@ export const registerRoutes = async (
     certificate: certificateService,
     sshCertificateAuthority: sshCertificateAuthorityService,
     sshCertificateTemplate: sshCertificateTemplateService,
+    sshHost: sshHostService,
     certificateAuthority: certificateAuthorityService,
     certificateTemplate: certificateTemplateService,
     certificateAuthorityCrl: certificateAuthorityCrlService,

backend/src/server/routes/v2/project-router.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import { InfisicalProjectTemplate } from "@app/ee/services/project-template/proj
 import { sanitizedSshCa } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-schema";
 import { sanitizedSshCertificate } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-schema";
 import { sanitizedSshCertificateTemplate } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate-template/ssh-certificate-template-schema";
+import { loginMappingSchema, sanitizedSshHost } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-schema";
 import { PROJECTS } from "@app/lib/api-docs";
 import { readLimit, writeLimit } from "@app/server/config/rateLimiter";
 import { slugSchema } from "@app/server/lib/schemas";
@@ -600,4 +601,38 @@ export const registerProjectRouter = async (server: FastifyZodProvider) => {
       return { cas };
     }
   });
+
+  server.route({
+    method: "GET",
+    url: "/:projectId/ssh-hosts",
+    config: {
+      rateLimit: readLimit
+    },
+    schema: {
+      params: z.object({
+        projectId: z.string().trim().describe(PROJECTS.LIST_SSH_HOSTS.projectId)
+      }),
+      response: {
+        200: z.object({
+          hosts: z.array(
+            sanitizedSshHost.extend({
+              loginMappings: z.array(loginMappingSchema)
+            })
+          )
+        })
+      }
+    },
+    onRequest: verifyAuth([AuthMode.JWT, AuthMode.IDENTITY_ACCESS_TOKEN]),
+    handler: async (req) => {
+      const hosts = await server.services.project.listProjectSshHosts({
+        actorId: req.permission.id,
+        actorOrgId: req.permission.orgId,
+        actorAuthMethod: req.permission.authMethod,
+        actor: req.permission.type,
+        projectId: req.params.projectId
+      });
+
+      return { hosts };
+    }
+  });
 };

backend/src/services/project-role/project-role-service.ts

@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ export const projectRoleServiceFactory = ({
     validateHandlebarTemplate("Project Role Update", JSON.stringify(data.permissions || []), {
       allowedExpressions: (val) => val.includes("identity.")
     });
+
     const updatedRole = await projectRoleDAL.updateById(projectRole.id, {
       ...data,
       permissions: data.permissions ? data.permissions : undefined

backend/src/services/project/project-fns.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 import crypto from "crypto";
 
 import { ProjectVersion, TProjects } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { createSshCaHelper } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-fns";
+import { SshCaKeySource } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-types";
+import { SshCertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-types";
 import { decryptAsymmetric, encryptAsymmetric } from "@app/lib/crypto";
 import { NotFoundError } from "@app/lib/errors";
 import { TKmsServiceFactory } from "@app/services/kms/kms-service";
 import { TProjectDALFactory } from "@app/services/project/project-dal";
 
-import { AddUserToWsDTO } from "./project-types";
+import { AddUserToWsDTO, TBootstrapSshProjectDTO } from "./project-types";
 
 export const assignWorkspaceKeysToMembers = ({ members, decryptKey, userPrivateKey }: AddUserToWsDTO) => {
   const plaintextProjectKey = decryptAsymmetric({
@@ -102,3 +105,48 @@ export const getProjectKmsCertificateKeyId = async ({
 
   return keyId;
 };
+
+/**
+ * Bootstraps an SSH project.
+ * - Creates a user and host SSH CA
+ * - Creates a project SSH config with the user and host SSH CA as defaults
+ */
+export const bootstrapSshProject = async ({
+  projectId,
+  sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+  sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
+  kmsService,
+  projectSshConfigDAL,
+  tx
+}: TBootstrapSshProjectDTO) => {
+  const userSshCa = await createSshCaHelper({
+    projectId,
+    friendlyName: "User CA",
+    keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519,
+    keySource: SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL,
+    sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+    sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
+    kmsService,
+    tx
+  });
+
+  const hostSshCa = await createSshCaHelper({
+    projectId,
+    friendlyName: "Host CA",
+    keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519,
+    keySource: SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL,
+    sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+    sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
+    kmsService,
+    tx
+  });
+
+  await projectSshConfigDAL.create(
+    {
+      projectId,
+      defaultHostSshCaId: hostSshCa.id,
+      defaultUserSshCaId: userSshCa.id
+    },
+    tx
+  );
+};

backend/src/services/project/project-service.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { ForbiddenError } from "@casl/ability";
+import { ForbiddenError, subject } from "@casl/ability";
 import slugify from "@sindresorhus/slugify";
 
 import {
@@ -15,13 +15,16 @@ import { TPermissionServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/permission/permissio
 import {
   ProjectPermissionActions,
   ProjectPermissionSecretActions,
+  ProjectPermissionSshHostActions,
   ProjectPermissionSub
 } from "@app/ee/services/permission/project-permission";
 import { TProjectTemplateServiceFactory } from "@app/ee/services/project-template/project-template-service";
 import { InfisicalProjectTemplate } from "@app/ee/services/project-template/project-template-types";
 import { TSshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-dal";
+import { TSshCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-secret-dal";
 import { TSshCertificateDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate/ssh-certificate-dal";
 import { TSshCertificateTemplateDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-certificate-template/ssh-certificate-template-dal";
+import { TSshHostDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh-host/ssh-host-dal";
 import { TKeyStoreFactory } from "@app/keystore/keystore";
 import { getConfig } from "@app/lib/config/env";
 import { infisicalSymmetricEncypt } from "@app/lib/crypto/encryption";
@@ -61,8 +64,9 @@ import { TSlackIntegrationDALFactory } from "../slack/slack-integration-dal";
 import { SmtpTemplates, TSmtpService } from "../smtp/smtp-service";
 import { TUserDALFactory } from "../user/user-dal";
 import { TProjectDALFactory } from "./project-dal";
-import { assignWorkspaceKeysToMembers, createProjectKey } from "./project-fns";
+import { assignWorkspaceKeysToMembers, bootstrapSshProject, createProjectKey } from "./project-fns";
 import { TProjectQueueFactory } from "./project-queue";
+import { TProjectSshConfigDALFactory } from "./project-ssh-config-dal";
 import {
   TCreateProjectDTO,
   TDeleteProjectDTO,
@@ -77,6 +81,7 @@ import {
   TListProjectSshCasDTO,
   TListProjectSshCertificatesDTO,
   TListProjectSshCertificateTemplatesDTO,
+  TListProjectSshHostsDTO,
   TLoadProjectKmsBackupDTO,
   TProjectAccessRequestDTO,
   TSearchProjectsDTO,
@@ -97,8 +102,8 @@ export const DEFAULT_PROJECT_ENVS = [
 ];
 
 type TProjectServiceFactoryDep = {
-  // TODO: Pick
   projectDAL: TProjectDALFactory;
+  projectSshConfigDAL: Pick<TProjectSshConfigDALFactory, "create">;
   projectQueue: TProjectQueueFactory;
   userDAL: TUserDALFactory;
   projectBotService: Pick<TProjectBotServiceFactory, "getBotKey">;
@@ -123,9 +128,11 @@ type TProjectServiceFactoryDep = {
   certificateTemplateDAL: Pick<TCertificateTemplateDALFactory, "getCertTemplatesByProjectId">;
   pkiAlertDAL: Pick<TPkiAlertDALFactory, "find">;
   pkiCollectionDAL: Pick<TPkiCollectionDALFactory, "find">;
-  sshCertificateAuthorityDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory, "find">;
+  sshCertificateAuthorityDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory, "find" | "create" | "transaction">;
+  sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory, "create">;
   sshCertificateDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateDALFactory, "find" | "countSshCertificatesInProject">;
   sshCertificateTemplateDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateTemplateDALFactory, "find">;
+  sshHostDAL: Pick<TSshHostDALFactory, "find" | "findSshHostsWithLoginMappings">;
   permissionService: TPermissionServiceFactory;
   orgService: Pick<TOrgServiceFactory, "addGhostUser">;
   licenseService: Pick<TLicenseServiceFactory, "getPlan">;
@@ -144,6 +151,7 @@ type TProjectServiceFactoryDep = {
     | "getKmsById"
     | "getProjectSecretManagerKmsKeyId"
     | "deleteInternalKms"
+    | "createCipherPairWithDataKey"
   >;
   projectTemplateService: TProjectTemplateServiceFactory;
 };
@@ -152,6 +160,7 @@ export type TProjectServiceFactory = ReturnType<typeof projectServiceFactory>;
 
 export const projectServiceFactory = ({
   projectDAL,
+  projectSshConfigDAL,
   secretDAL,
   secretV2BridgeDAL,
   projectQueue,
@@ -177,8 +186,10 @@ export const projectServiceFactory = ({
   pkiCollectionDAL,
   pkiAlertDAL,
   sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+  sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
   sshCertificateDAL,
   sshCertificateTemplateDAL,
+  sshHostDAL,
   keyStore,
   kmsService,
   projectBotDAL,
@@ -266,6 +277,17 @@ export const projectServiceFactory = ({
         tx
       );
 
+      if (type === ProjectType.SSH) {
+        await bootstrapSshProject({
+          projectId: project.id,
+          sshCertificateAuthorityDAL,
+          sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL,
+          kmsService,
+          projectSshConfigDAL,
+          tx
+        });
+      }
+
       // set ghost user as admin of project
       const projectMembership = await projectMembershipDAL.create(
         {
@@ -1046,6 +1068,48 @@ export const projectServiceFactory = ({
     return cas;
   };
 
+  /**
+   * Return list of SSH hosts for project
+   */
+  const listProjectSshHosts = async ({
+    actorId,
+    actorOrgId,
+    actorAuthMethod,
+    actor,
+    projectId
+  }: TListProjectSshHostsDTO) => {
+    const { permission } = await permissionService.getProjectPermission({
+      actor,
+      actorId,
+      projectId,
+      actorAuthMethod,
+      actorOrgId,
+      actionProjectType: ActionProjectType.SSH
+    });
+
+    const allowedHosts = [];
+
+    // (dangtony98): room to optimize
+    const hosts = await sshHostDAL.findSshHostsWithLoginMappings(projectId);
+
+    for (const host of hosts) {
+      try {
+        ForbiddenError.from(permission).throwUnlessCan(
+          ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Read,
+          subject(ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts, {
+            hostname: host.hostname
+          })
+        );
+
+        allowedHosts.push(host);
+      } catch {
+        // intentionally ignore projects where user lacks access
+      }
+    }
+
+    return allowedHosts;
+  };
+
   /**
    * Return list of SSH certificates for project
    */
@@ -1443,6 +1507,7 @@ export const projectServiceFactory = ({
     listProjectPkiCollections,
     listProjectCertificateTemplates,
     listProjectSshCas,
+    listProjectSshHosts,
     listProjectSshCertificates,
     listProjectSshCertificateTemplates,
     updateVersionLimit,

backend/src/services/project/project-ssh-config-dal.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { TDbClient } from "@app/db";
+import { TableName } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { ormify } from "@app/lib/knex";
+
+export type TProjectSshConfigDALFactory = ReturnType<typeof projectSshConfigDALFactory>;
+
+export const projectSshConfigDALFactory = (db: TDbClient) => {
+  const projectSshConfigOrm = ormify(db, TableName.ProjectSshConfig);
+
+  return projectSshConfigOrm;
+};

backend/src/services/project/project-types.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 import { Knex } from "knex";
 
-import { ProjectType, SortDirection, TProjectKeys } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { ProjectType, TProjectKeys, SortDirection } from "@app/db/schemas";
+import { TSshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-dal";
+import { TSshCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory } from "@app/ee/services/ssh/ssh-certificate-authority-secret-dal";
+import { TKmsServiceFactory } from "@app/services/kms/kms-service";
+import { TProjectSshConfigDALFactory } from "@app/services/project/project-ssh-config-dal";
 import { OrgServiceActor, TProjectPermission } from "@app/lib/types";
 
 import { ActorAuthMethod, ActorType } from "../auth/auth-type";
@@ -143,6 +147,7 @@ export type TGetProjectKmsKey = TProjectPermission;
 export type TListProjectCertificateTemplatesDTO = TProjectPermission;
 
 export type TListProjectSshCasDTO = TProjectPermission;
+export type TListProjectSshHostsDTO = TProjectPermission;
 export type TListProjectSshCertificateTemplatesDTO = TProjectPermission;
 export type TListProjectSshCertificatesDTO = {
   offset: number;
@@ -159,6 +164,15 @@ export type TUpdateProjectSlackConfig = {
   secretRequestChannels: string;
 } & TProjectPermission;
 
+export type TBootstrapSshProjectDTO = {
+  projectId: string;
+  sshCertificateAuthorityDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateAuthorityDALFactory, "transaction" | "create">;
+  sshCertificateAuthoritySecretDAL: Pick<TSshCertificateAuthoritySecretDALFactory, "create">;
+  projectSshConfigDAL: Pick<TProjectSshConfigDALFactory, "create">;
+  kmsService: Pick<TKmsServiceFactory, "createCipherPairWithDataKey">;
+  tx?: Knex;
+};
+
 export enum SearchProjectSortBy {
   NAME = "name"
 }

backend/src/services/telemetry/telemetry-types.ts

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ export enum PostHogEventTypes {
   SecretRequestDeleted = "Secret Request Deleted",
   SignSshKey = "Sign SSH Key",
   IssueSshCreds = "Issue SSH Credentials",
+  IssueSshHostUserCert = "Issue SSH Host User Certificate",
+  IssueSshHostHostCert = "Issue SSH Host Host Certificate",
   SignCert = "Sign PKI Certificate",
   IssueCert = "Issue PKI Certificate"
 }
@@ -161,6 +163,26 @@ export type TIssueSshCredsEvent = {
   };
 };
 
+export type TIssueSshHostUserCertEvent = {
+  event: PostHogEventTypes.IssueSshHostUserCert;
+  properties: {
+    sshHostId: string;
+    hostname: string;
+    principals: string[];
+    userAgent?: string;
+  };
+};
+
+export type TIssueSshHostHostCertEvent = {
+  event: PostHogEventTypes.IssueSshHostHostCert;
+  properties: {
+    sshHostId: string;
+    hostname: string;
+    principals: string[];
+    userAgent?: string;
+  };
+};
+
 export type TSignCertificateEvent = {
   event: PostHogEventTypes.SignCert;
   properties: {
@@ -195,6 +217,8 @@ export type TPostHogEvent = { distinctId: string } & (
   | TSecretRequestDeletedEvent
   | TSignSshKeyEvent
   | TIssueSshCredsEvent
+  | TIssueSshHostUserCertEvent
+  | TIssueSshHostHostCertEvent
   | TSignCertificateEvent
   | TIssueCertificateEvent
 );

cli/go.mod

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/fatih/semgroup v1.2.0
 	github.com/gitleaks/go-gitdiff v0.8.0
 	github.com/h2non/filetype v1.1.3
-	github.com/infisical/go-sdk v0.5.1
+	github.com/infisical/go-sdk v0.5.8
 	github.com/infisical/infisical-kmip v0.3.5
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20
 	github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20221106050444-61f0cd9a192a

cli/go.sum

@@ -277,8 +277,8 @@ github.com/ianlancetaylor/demangle v0.0.0-20181102032728-5e5cf60278f6/go.mod h1:
 github.com/ianlancetaylor/demangle v0.0.0-20200824232613-28f6c0f3b639/go.mod h1:aSSvb/t6k1mPoxDqO4vJh6VOCGPwU4O0C2/Eqndh1Sc=
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.0.1 h1:U3uMjPSQEBMNp1lFxmllqCPM6P5u/Xq7Pgzkat/bFNc=
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.0.1/go.mod h1:vpF70FUmC8bwa3OWnCshd2FqLfsEA9PFc4w1p2J65bw=
-github.com/infisical/go-sdk v0.5.1 h1:bl0D4A6CmvfL8RwEQTcZh39nsxC6q3HSs76/4J8grWY=
-github.com/infisical/go-sdk v0.5.1/go.mod h1:ExjqFLRz7LSpZpGluqDLvFl6dFBLq5LKyLW7GBaMAIs=
+github.com/infisical/go-sdk v0.5.8 h1:bCetYLp7HWt8DnU9KPh1n8n3z5pjmunkGDB4bA3lEFs=
+github.com/infisical/go-sdk v0.5.8/go.mod h1:ExjqFLRz7LSpZpGluqDLvFl6dFBLq5LKyLW7GBaMAIs=
 github.com/infisical/infisical-kmip v0.3.5 h1:QM3s0e18B+mYv3a9HQNjNAlbwZJBzXq5BAJM2scIeiE=
 github.com/infisical/infisical-kmip v0.3.5/go.mod h1:bO1M4YtKyutNg1bREPmlyZspC5duSR7hyQ3lPmLzrIs=
 github.com/jedib0t/go-pretty v4.3.0+incompatible h1:CGs8AVhEKg/n9YbUenWmNStRW2PHJzaeDodcfvRAbIo=

cli/packages/cmd/ssh.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"os"
+	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/Infisical/infisical-merge/packages/util"
 	infisicalSdk "github.com/infisical/go-sdk"
 	infisicalSdkUtil "github.com/infisical/go-sdk/packages/util"
+	"github.com/manifoldco/promptui"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/agent"
@@ -48,6 +50,18 @@ var sshSignKeyCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Run:                   signKey,
 }
 
+var sshConnectCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "connect",
+	Short: "Connect to an SSH host using issued credentials",
+	Run:   sshConnect,
+}
+
+var sshAddHostCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "add-host",
+	Short: "Register a new SSH host with Infisical",
+	Run:   sshAddHost,
+}
+
 var algoToFileName = map[infisicalSdkUtil.CertKeyAlgorithm]string{
 	infisicalSdkUtil.RSA2048:   "id_rsa_2048",
 	infisicalSdkUtil.RSA4096:   "id_rsa_4096",
@@ -240,7 +254,7 @@ func issueCredentials(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse addToAgent flag")
 	}
 
-	if outFilePath == "" && addToAgent == false {
+	if outFilePath == "" && !addToAgent {
 		util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("You must provide either --outFilePath or --addToAgent flag to use this command")
 	}
 
@@ -595,6 +609,380 @@ func signKey(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	fmt.Println("Successfully wrote SSH certificate to:", signedKeyPath)
 }
 
+func sshConnect(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+	util.RequireLogin()
+	util.RequireLocalWorkspaceFile()
+
+	loggedInUserDetails, err := util.GetCurrentLoggedInUserDetails(true)
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to authenticate")
+	}
+
+	if loggedInUserDetails.LoginExpired {
+		util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("Your login session has expired, please run [infisical login] and try again")
+	}
+
+	infisicalToken := loggedInUserDetails.UserCredentials.JTWToken
+
+	writeHostCaToFile, err := cmd.Flags().GetBool("writeHostCaToFile")
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse --writeHostCaToFile flag")
+	}
+
+	customHeaders, err := util.GetInfisicalCustomHeadersMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to get custom headers")
+	}
+
+	infisicalClient := infisicalSdk.NewInfisicalClient(context.Background(), infisicalSdk.Config{
+		SiteUrl:          config.INFISICAL_URL,
+		UserAgent:        api.USER_AGENT,
+		AutoTokenRefresh: false,
+		CustomHeaders:    customHeaders,
+	})
+	infisicalClient.Auth().SetAccessToken(infisicalToken)
+
+	// Fetch SSH Hosts
+	hosts, err := infisicalClient.Ssh().GetSshHosts(infisicalSdk.GetSshHostsOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Failed to fetch SSH hosts")
+	}
+	if len(hosts) == 0 {
+		util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("You do not have access to any SSH hosts")
+	}
+
+	// Prompt to select host
+	hostNames := make([]string, len(hosts))
+	for i, h := range hosts {
+		hostNames[i] = h.Hostname
+	}
+
+	hostPrompt := promptui.Select{
+		Label: "Select an SSH Host",
+		Items: hostNames,
+		Size:  10,
+	}
+	hostIdx, _, err := hostPrompt.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Prompt failed")
+	}
+	selectedHost := hosts[hostIdx]
+
+	// Prompt to select login user
+	if len(selectedHost.LoginMappings) == 0 {
+		util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("No login users available for selected host")
+	}
+
+	loginUsers := make([]string, len(selectedHost.LoginMappings))
+	for i, m := range selectedHost.LoginMappings {
+		loginUsers[i] = m.LoginUser
+	}
+
+	loginPrompt := promptui.Select{
+		Label: "Select Login User",
+		Items: loginUsers,
+		Size:  5,
+	}
+	loginIdx, _, err := loginPrompt.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Prompt failed")
+	}
+	selectedLoginUser := selectedHost.LoginMappings[loginIdx].LoginUser
+
+	// Issue SSH creds for host
+	creds, err := infisicalClient.Ssh().IssueSshHostUserCert(selectedHost.ID, infisicalSdk.IssueSshHostUserCertOptions{
+		LoginUser: selectedLoginUser,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Failed to issue SSH credentials")
+	}
+
+	// Write Host CA public key to known_hosts if enabled
+	if writeHostCaToFile {
+		hostCaPublicKey, err := infisicalClient.Ssh().GetSshHostHostCaPublicKey(selectedHost.ID)
+		if err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Failed to fetch Host CA public key")
+		}
+
+		// Build @cert-authority line
+		caLine := fmt.Sprintf("@cert-authority %s %s\n", selectedHost.Hostname, strings.TrimSpace(hostCaPublicKey))
+
+		// Determine known_hosts path
+		sshDir := filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ssh")
+		knownHostsPath := filepath.Join(sshDir, "known_hosts")
+
+		// Ensure ~/.ssh exists
+		if _, err := os.Stat(sshDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			if err := os.MkdirAll(sshDir, 0700); err != nil {
+				util.HandleError(err, "Failed to create ~/.ssh directory")
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Check if CA line already exists
+		knownHostsBytes, _ := os.ReadFile(knownHostsPath)
+		if !strings.Contains(string(knownHostsBytes), caLine) {
+			f, err := os.OpenFile(knownHostsPath, os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0600)
+			if err != nil {
+				util.HandleError(err, "Failed to open known_hosts file")
+			}
+			defer f.Close()
+
+			if _, err := f.WriteString(caLine); err != nil {
+				util.HandleError(err, "Failed to write Host CA to known_hosts")
+			}
+
+			fmt.Printf("📁 Wrote Host CA entry to %s\n", knownHostsPath)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Load credentials into SSH agent
+	err = addCredentialsToAgent(creds.PrivateKey, creds.SignedKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Failed to add credentials to SSH agent")
+	}
+	fmt.Println("✔ SSH credentials successfully added to agent")
+
+	// Connect to host using system ssh and agent
+	target := fmt.Sprintf("%s@%s", selectedLoginUser, selectedHost.Hostname)
+	fmt.Printf("Connecting to %s...\n", target)
+
+	sshCmd := exec.Command("ssh", target)
+	sshCmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
+	sshCmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+	sshCmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+
+	err = sshCmd.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "SSH connection failed")
+	}	
+}
+
+func sshAddHost(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+
+	token, err := util.GetInfisicalToken(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse token")
+	}
+
+	var infisicalToken string
+	if token != nil && (token.Type == util.SERVICE_TOKEN_IDENTIFIER || token.Type == util.UNIVERSAL_AUTH_TOKEN_IDENTIFIER) {
+		infisicalToken = token.Token
+	} else {
+		util.RequireLogin()
+		util.RequireLocalWorkspaceFile()
+
+		loggedInUserDetails, err := util.GetCurrentLoggedInUserDetails(true)
+		if err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Unable to authenticate")
+		}
+		if loggedInUserDetails.LoginExpired {
+			util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("Your login session has expired, please run [infisical login]")
+		}
+		infisicalToken = loggedInUserDetails.UserCredentials.JTWToken
+	}
+
+	projectId, err := cmd.Flags().GetString("projectId")
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse --projectId flag")
+	}
+	if projectId == "" {
+		util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("You must provide --projectId")
+	}
+
+	hostname, err := cmd.Flags().GetString("hostname")
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse --hostname flag")
+	}
+	if hostname == "" {
+		util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("You must provide --hostname")
+	}
+
+	writeUserCaToFile, err := cmd.Flags().GetBool("writeUserCaToFile")
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse --writeUserCaToFile flag")
+	}
+
+	userCaOutFilePath, err := cmd.Flags().GetString("userCaOutFilePath")
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse --userCaOutFilePath flag")
+	}
+
+	writeHostCertToFile, err := cmd.Flags().GetBool("writeHostCertToFile")
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse --writeHostCertToFile flag")
+	}
+
+	configureSshd, err := cmd.Flags().GetBool("configureSshd")
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse --configureSshd flag")
+	}
+
+	forceOverwrite, err := cmd.Flags().GetBool("force")
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to parse --force flag")
+	}
+
+	if configureSshd && (!writeUserCaToFile || !writeHostCertToFile) {
+		util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("--configureSshd requires both --writeUserCaToFile and --writeHostCertToFile to also be set")
+	}
+	
+	// Pre-check for file overwrites before proceeding
+	if writeUserCaToFile {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(userCaOutFilePath, "~") {
+			homeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+			if err != nil {
+				util.HandleError(err, "Unable to resolve ~ in userCaOutFilePath")
+			}
+			userCaOutFilePath = strings.Replace(userCaOutFilePath, "~", homeDir, 1)
+		}
+		if _, err := os.Stat(userCaOutFilePath); err == nil && !forceOverwrite {
+			util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("File already exists at " + userCaOutFilePath + ". Use --force to overwrite.")
+		}
+	}
+
+	keyTypes := []string{"ed25519", "ecdsa", "rsa"}
+	var hostKeyPath, certOutPath, hostPrivateKeyPath string
+	if writeHostCertToFile {
+		for _, keyType := range keyTypes {
+			pub := fmt.Sprintf("/etc/ssh/ssh_host_%s_key.pub", keyType)
+			cert := fmt.Sprintf("/etc/ssh/ssh_host_%s_key-cert.pub", keyType)
+			priv := fmt.Sprintf("/etc/ssh/ssh_host_%s_key", keyType)
+
+			if _, err := os.Stat(pub); err == nil {
+				hostKeyPath = pub
+				certOutPath = cert
+				hostPrivateKeyPath = priv
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		if hostKeyPath == "" {
+			util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("No supported SSH host public key found at /etc/ssh")
+		}
+
+		if _, err := os.Stat(certOutPath); err == nil && !forceOverwrite {
+			util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("File already exists at " + certOutPath + ". Use --force to overwrite.")
+		}
+	}
+
+	if configureSshd {
+		sshdConfig := "/etc/ssh/sshd_config"
+		existing, err := os.ReadFile(sshdConfig)
+		if err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Failed to read sshd_config")
+		}
+		configLines := []string{
+			"TrustedUserCAKeys " + userCaOutFilePath,
+			"HostKey " + hostPrivateKeyPath,
+			"HostCertificate " + certOutPath,
+		}
+		for _, line := range configLines {
+			for _, existingLine := range strings.Split(string(existing), "\n") {
+				trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(existingLine)
+				if trimmed == line && !strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, "#") && !forceOverwrite {
+					util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("sshd_config already contains: " + line + ". Use --force to overwrite.")
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	customHeaders, err := util.GetInfisicalCustomHeadersMap()
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Unable to get custom headers")
+	}
+
+	client := infisicalSdk.NewInfisicalClient(context.Background(), infisicalSdk.Config{
+		SiteUrl:          config.INFISICAL_URL,
+		UserAgent:        api.USER_AGENT,
+		AutoTokenRefresh: false,
+		CustomHeaders:    customHeaders,
+	})
+	client.Auth().SetAccessToken(infisicalToken)
+
+	host, err := client.Ssh().AddSshHost(infisicalSdk.AddSshHostOptions{
+		ProjectID: projectId,
+		Hostname:  hostname,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		util.HandleError(err, "Failed to register SSH host")
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("✅ Successfully registered host:", host.Hostname)
+
+	if writeUserCaToFile {
+		publicKey, err := client.Ssh().GetSshHostUserCaPublicKey(host.ID)
+		if err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Failed to fetch associated User CA public key")
+		}
+
+		if err := writeToFile(userCaOutFilePath, publicKey, 0644); err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Failed to write User CA public key to file")
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println("📁 Wrote User CA public key to:", userCaOutFilePath)
+	}
+
+	if writeHostCertToFile {
+		pubKeyBytes, err := os.ReadFile(hostKeyPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Failed to read SSH host public key")
+		}
+		res, err := client.Ssh().IssueSshHostHostCert(host.ID, infisicalSdk.IssueSshHostHostCertOptions{
+			PublicKey: string(pubKeyBytes),
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Failed to issue SSH host certificate")
+		}
+		if err := writeToFile(certOutPath, res.SignedKey, 0644); err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Failed to write SSH host certificate to file")
+		}
+		fmt.Println("📁 Wrote host certificate to:", certOutPath)
+	}
+
+	if configureSshd {
+		sshdConfig := "/etc/ssh/sshd_config"
+		contentBytes, err := os.ReadFile(sshdConfig)
+		if err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Failed to read sshd_config")
+		}
+		lines := strings.Split(string(contentBytes), "\n")
+
+		configMap := map[string]string{
+			"TrustedUserCAKeys": userCaOutFilePath,
+			"HostKey":           hostPrivateKeyPath,
+			"HostCertificate":   certOutPath,
+		}
+
+		seenKeys := map[string]bool{}
+		for i, line := range lines {
+			trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(line)
+			for key, value := range configMap {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, key+" ") {
+					seenKeys[key] = true
+					if strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, "#") || forceOverwrite {
+						lines[i] = fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", key, value)
+					} else {
+						util.PrintErrorMessageAndExit("sshd_config already contains: " + trimmed + ". Use --force to overwrite.")
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Append missing lines
+		for key, value := range configMap {
+			if !seenKeys[key] {
+				lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", key, value))
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Write back to file
+		if err := os.WriteFile(sshdConfig, []byte(strings.Join(lines, "\n")), 0644); err != nil {
+			util.HandleError(err, "Failed to update sshd_config")
+		}
+		fmt.Println("📄 Updated sshd_config entries")
+	}
+}
+
 func init() {
 	sshSignKeyCmd.Flags().String("token", "", "Issue SSH certificate using machine identity access token")
 	sshSignKeyCmd.Flags().String("certificateTemplateId", "", "The ID of the SSH certificate template to issue the SSH certificate for")
@@ -617,5 +1005,20 @@ func init() {
 	sshIssueCredentialsCmd.Flags().String("outFilePath", "", "The path to write the SSH credentials to such as ~/.ssh, ./some_folder, ./some_folder/id_rsa-cert.pub. If not provided, the credentials will be saved to the current working directory")
 	sshIssueCredentialsCmd.Flags().Bool("addToAgent", false, "Whether to add issued SSH credentials to the SSH agent")
 	sshCmd.AddCommand(sshIssueCredentialsCmd)
+
+	sshConnectCmd.Flags().Bool("writeHostCaToFile", true, "Write Host CA public key to ~/.ssh/known_hosts as a separate entry if doesn't already exist")
+	sshCmd.AddCommand(sshConnectCmd)
+
+	sshAddHostCmd.Flags().String("token", "", "Use a machine identity access token")
+	sshAddHostCmd.Flags().String("projectId", "", "Project ID the host belongs to (required)")
+	sshAddHostCmd.Flags().String("hostname", "", "Hostname of the SSH host (required)")
+	sshAddHostCmd.Flags().Bool("writeUserCaToFile", false, "Write User CA public key to /etc/ssh/infisical_user_ca.pub")
+	sshAddHostCmd.Flags().String("userCaOutFilePath", "/etc/ssh/infisical_user_ca.pub", "Custom file path to write the User CA public key")
+	sshAddHostCmd.Flags().Bool("writeHostCertToFile", false, "Write SSH host certificate to /etc/ssh/ssh_host_<type>_key-cert.pub")
+	sshAddHostCmd.Flags().Bool("configureSshd", false, "Update TrustedUserCAKeys, HostKey, and HostCertificate in the sshd_config file")
+	sshAddHostCmd.Flags().Bool("force", false, "Force overwrite of existing certificate files as part of writeUserCaToFile and writeHostCertToFile")
+
+	sshCmd.AddCommand(sshAddHostCmd)
+
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(sshCmd)
 }

docs/documentation/platform/ssh-old.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+---
+title: "Infisical SSH"
+sidebarTitle: "Infisical SSH"
+description: "Learn how to generate SSH credentials to provide secure and centralized SSH access control for your infrastructure."
+---
+
+## Concept
+
+Infisical can be used to issue SSH credentials to clients to provide short-lived, secure SSH access to infrastructure;
+this improves on many limitations of traditional SSH key-based authentication via mitigation of private key compromise, static key management,
+unauthorized access, and SSH key sprawl.
+
+The following concepts are useful to know when working with Infisical SSH:
+
+- SSH Certificate Authority (CA): A trusted authority that issues SSH certificates.
+- Certificate Template: A set of policies bound to an SSH CA for certificates issued under that template; a CA can possess multiple templates, each with different policies for a different purpose (e.g. for admin versus developer access).
+- SSH Certificate: A short-lived, credential issued by the SSH CA granting time-bound access to infrastructure.
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+graph TD
+    A[SSH CA]
+    A --> B[Certificate Template A]
+    A --> C[Certificate Template N]
+    B --> D[SSH Certificate A]
+    C --> E[SSH Certificate N]
+
+```
+
+</div>
+
+When using Infisical SSH to provision client access to a remote host, an operator must create an SSH CA in Infisical; a certificate template under it,
+specifying policies such as allowed users that can be requested under that template by a client; and configure the host to trust certificates issued by the Infisical SSH CA.
+
+When a client needs access to a host, they authenticate with Infisical and request an SSH certificate (and optionally key pair)
+to be used to access the host for a time-bound session as part of the SSH operation.
+
+## Client Workflow
+
+The following sequence diagram illustrates the client workflow for accessing a remote host using an SSH certificate (and optionally key pair)
+supplied by Infisical.
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+  participant Client as Client
+  participant Infisical as Infisical (SSH CA)
+  participant Host as Remote Host
+
+  Note over Client,Client: Step 1: Client Authentication with Infisical
+  Client->>Infisical: Send credential(s) to authenticate with Infisical
+
+  Infisical-->>Client: Return access token
+
+  Note over Client,Infisical: Step 2: SSH Certificate Request
+  Client->>Infisical: Make authenticated request for SSH certificate via either /api/v1/ssh/issue or /api/v1/ssh/sign
+
+  Infisical-->>Client: Return signed SSH certificate (and optionally key pair)
+
+  Note over Client,Client: Step 3: SSH Operation
+  Client->>Host: SSH into Host using the SSH certificate
+
+  Host-->>Client: Grant access to the host
+```
+
+At a high-level, Infisical issues a signed SSH certificate to a client that can be used to access a remote host.
+
+To be more specific:
+
+1. The client authenticates with Infisical; this can be done using a user or machine identity [authentication method](/documentation/platform/identities/machine-identities) or a user [authentication method](/documentation/platform/identities/user-identities).
+2. The client makes an authenticated request for an SSH certificate via either the `/api/v1/ssh/issue` or `/api/v1/ssh/sign` endpoints. Note that if the client wishes to use an existing SSH key pair, it can use the `/api/v1/ssh/sign` endpoint; otherwise, it can use the `/api/v1/ssh/issue` endpoint to have Infisical issue a new SSH key pair along with the certificate.
+3. The client uses the issued SSH certificate (and potentially SSH key pair) to temporarily access the host.
+
+<Note>
+  Note that the workflow above requires an operator to perform additional
+  configuration on the remote host to trust SSH certificates issued by
+  Infisical.
+</Note>
+
+## Guide to Configuring Infisical SSH
+
+In the following steps, we explore how to configure Infisical SSH to start issuing SSH certificates to clients as well as a remote host to trust these certificates
+as part of the SSH operation.
+
+<Steps>
+  <Step title="Configuring an SSH CA for client key signing">
+    1.1. Start by creating an SSH project in the SSH tab of your organization.
+    
+    ![ssh project create](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-project.png)
+    
+    1.2. Next, create an SSH CA in the **Certificate Authorities** tab of the
+    project; this CA will be used for client key signing.
+    
+    ![ssh create client ca](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-client-create-ca-1.png)
+    
+    ![ssh create client ca popup](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-client-create-ca-2.png)
+    
+    Here's some guidance on each field:
+
+    - Friendly Name: A friendly name for the CA; this is only for display.
+    - Key Source: Whether the CA's key pair should be generated internally or supplied from an external source. Select **Internal**.
+    - Key Algorithm: The type of public key algorithm and size, in bits, of the key pair for the CA. Supported key algorithms are `RSA 2048`, `RSA 4096`, `ECDSA P-256`, and `ECDSA P-384` with the default being `RSA 2048`.
+
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="Configuring a certificate template on the CA">
+
+    2.1. Next, create a certificate template in the **Certificate Templates** section of the newly-created CA.
+
+    A certificate template is a set of policies for certificates issued under that template; each template is bound to a specific CA.
+
+    With certificate templates, you can specify, for example, that certificates issued under a template are only allowed for users with a specific username like `ec2-user` or perhaps that the max TTL requested cannot exceed 1 hour.
+
+    ![ssh client create template](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-client-create-template-1.png)
+
+    ![ssh client create template popup](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-client-create-template-2.png)
+
+    Here's some guidance on each field:
+
+    - SSH Template Name: A name for the certificate template; this must be a valid slug.
+    - Allowed Users: A comma-separated list of valid usernames (e.g. `ec2-user`) on the remote host for which a client can request a certificate for. If you wish to allow a client to request a certificate for any username, set this to `*`; alternatively, if left blank, the template will not allow issuance of certificates under any username.
+    - Allowed Hosts: A comma-separated list of valid hostnames/domains on the remote host for which a client can request a certificate for. Each item in the list can be either a wildcard hostname (e.g. `*.acme.com`), a specific hostname (e.g. `example.com`), an IPv4 address (e.g. `192.168.1.1`), or an IPv6 address. If left empty, the template will not allow any hostnames; if set to `*`, the template will allow any hostname.
+    - Default TTL: The default Time-to-Live (TTL) for certificates issued under this template when a client does not explicitly specify a TTL in the certificate request. We recommend setting a shorter **Default TTL** for client certificates such as `30m`.
+    - Max TTL: The maximum TTL for certificates issued under this template.
+    - Allow User Certificates: Whether or not to allow issuance of user certificates; this should be set to `true`.
+    - Allow Host Certificates: Whether or not to allow issuance of host certificates; this is not relevant for this step.
+    - Allow Custom Key IDs: Whether or not to allow clients to specify a custom key ID to be included on the certificate as part of the certificate request.
+
+    2.2. Finally, add the user(s) you wish to be able to request an SSH certificate to the SSH project through the **Access Control** tab.
+
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="Configuring the remote host to trust the client">
+  
+    3.1. Begin by downloading the client CA's public key from the CA's details section.
+    
+    ![ssh ca public key](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-client-ca-public-key.png)
+    
+    <Note>
+      The CA's public key can also be retrieved programmatically via API by making a `GET` request to the endpoint [here](/api-reference/endpoints/ssh/ca/public-key).
+    </Note>
+    
+    3.2. Next, create a file containing this public key in the SSH folder of the remote host; we'll call the file `ca.pub`.
+
+    This would result in the file at the path `/etc/ssh/ca.pub`.
+
+    3.3. Next, add the following lines to the `/etc/ssh/sshd_config` file on the remote host.
+
+    ```bash
+    TrustedUserCAKeys /etc/ssh/ca.pub
+
+    PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes=+ssh-rsa,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com
+    ```
+
+    3.4. Finally, reload the SSH daemon on the remote host to apply the changes.
+
+    ```bash
+    sudo systemctl reload sshd
+    ```
+
+    At this point, the remote host is configured to trust SSH certificates issued by the Infisical SSH CA.
+
+  </Step>
+</Steps>
+
+## Guide to Using Infisical SSH to Access a Host
+
+In the following steps, we show how to obtain an SSH certificate and use it for a client to access a host via CLI:
+
+<Note>
+  The subsequent guide assumes the following prerequisites:
+
+- SSH Agent is running: The `ssh-agent` must be actively running on the host machine.
+- OpenSSH is installed: The system should have OpenSSH installed; this includes
+  both the `ssh` client and `ssh-agent`.
+- `SSH_AUTH_SOCK` environment variable
+  is set; the `SSH_AUTH_SOCK` variable should point to the UNIX socket that
+  `ssh-agent` uses for communication.
+
+</Note>
+
+<Steps>
+  <Step title="Authenticate with Infisical">
+
+```bash
+infisical login
+```
+
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="Obtain an SSH certificate for the client and load it into the SSH agent">
+    Run the `infisical ssh issue-credentials` command, specifying the `--addToAgent` flag to automatically load the SSH certificate into the SSH agent.
+    ```bash
+    infisical ssh issue-credentials --certificateTemplateId=<certificate-template-id> --principals=<username> --addToAgent
+    ```
+
+    Here's some guidance on each flag:
+
+    - `certificateTemplateId`: The ID of the certificate template to use for issuing the SSH certificate.
+    - `principals`: The comma-delimited username(s) or hostname(s) to include in the SSH certificate.
+
+    For fuller documentation on commands and flags supported by the Infisical CLI for SSH, refer to the docs [here](/cli/commands/ssh).
+
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="SSH into the host">
+    Finally, SSH into the desired host; the SSH operation will be performed using the SSH certificate loaded into the SSH agent.
+
+    ```bash
+    ssh username@hostname
+    ```
+
+  </Step>
+</Steps>
+
+<Note>
+  Note that the above workflow can be executed via API or other client methods
+  such as SDK.
+</Note>
+
+## Guide to Configuring Host Key Signing
+
+In the following steps, we show how to configure host key signing for clients to verify the identity of a remote host before attempting the SSH operation; this is recommended to reduce the probability of a client accessing a malicious machine.
+
+<Note>
+This guide expects that the remote host already has an existing SSH key pair (typically found in the `/etc/ssh/` folder at `/etc/ssh/ssh_host_<algo>_key` and `.pub`).
+
+If the remote host does not have an existing SSH key pair, you can generate a new key pair using the `ssh-keygen` command: `ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key -N ''`. This will generate:
+
+- A private key: `/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key`.
+- A public key: `/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub`.
+
+</Note>
+
+<Steps>
+  <Step title="Configuring an SSH CA for host key signing">
+    1.1. In the same SSH project, create another SSH CA in the **Certificate Authorities** tab; this CA will be used for host key signing.
+    
+    ![ssh create host ca](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-host-create-ca-1.png)
+    
+    ![ssh create host ca popup](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-host-create-ca-2.png)
+    
+    Here's some guidance on each field:
+
+    - Friendly Name: A friendly name for the CA; this is only for display.
+    - Key Source: Whether the CA's key pair should be generated internally or supplied from an external source. Select **External**.
+    - Public Key: The public key for the CA (i.e. the host's SSH public key).
+    - Private Key: The private key for the CA (i.e. the host's SSH private key).
+
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="Configuring a certificate template on the CA">
+  
+    2.1. Next, create a certificate template in the **Certificate Templates** section of the newly-created CA.
+    
+    ![ssh host create template](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-host-create-template-1.png)
+
+    ![ssh host create template popup](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-host-create-template-2.png)
+
+    Here's some guidance on each field:
+
+    - SSH Template Name: A name for the certificate template; this must be a valid slug.
+    - Allowed Users: A comma-separated list of valid usernames (e.g. `ec2-user`) on the remote host for which a client can request a certificate for. If you wish to allow a client to request a certificate for any username, set this to `*`; alternatively, if left blank, the template will not allow issuance of certificates under any username.
+    - Allowed Hosts: A comma-separated list of valid hostnames/domains on the remote host for which a client can request a certificate for. Each item in the list can be either a wildcard hostname (e.g. `*.acme.com`), a specific hostname (e.g. `example.com`), an IPv4 address (e.g. `192.168.1.1`), or an IPv6 address. If left empty, the template will not allow any hostnames; if set to `*`, the template will allow any hostname.
+    - Default TTL: The default Time-to-Live (TTL) for certificates issued under this template when a client does not explicitly specify a TTL in the certificate request. We recommend setting a longer **Default TTL** for host certificates such as `2y`.
+    - Max TTL: The maximum TTL for certificates issued under this template.
+    - Allow User Certificates: Whether or not to allow issuance of user certificates; this is not relevant for this step.
+    - Allow Host Certificates: Whether or not to allow issuance of host certificates; this should be set to `true`.
+    - Allow Custom Key IDs: Whether or not to allow clients to specify a custom key ID to be included on the certificate as part of the certificate request.
+
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="Configuring the remote host with an SSH certificate">
+
+    3.1. Obtain an SSH certificate for the host by requesting one from the **Certificates** tab.
+
+    ![ssh host issue certificate 1](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-host-issue-cert-1.png)
+
+    ![ssh host issue certificate 2](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-host-issue-cert-2.png)
+
+    <Note>
+      You should select **Sign SSH Key** under the **Operation** field.
+
+      Then input your host's SSH public key under the **SSH Public Key** field and hostname under the **Principal(s)** field; the host's public key should be in the `/etc/ssh` folder of the host as used in step 1.
+    </Note>
+
+    ![ssh host issue certificate 3](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-host-issue-cert-3.png)
+
+    3.2. Create a file containing the certificate in the SSH folder of the remote host; we'll call it `ssh_host_key-cert.pub`.
+
+    3.3. Set permissions on the certificate to be `0640`:
+
+    ```bash
+    sudo chmod 0640 /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key-cert.pub
+    ```
+
+    3.4. Next, add the following lines to the `/etc/ssh/sshd_config` file on the remote host.
+
+    ```bash
+    HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
+    HostCertificate /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key-cert.pub
+    ```
+
+    <Note>
+      You should adjust the `HostKey` directive to match the path to the host's SSH private key as used in step 1.
+    </Note>
+
+    3.5. Finally, reload the SSH daemon on the remote host to apply the changes.
+
+    ```bash
+    sudo systemctl reload sshd
+    ```
+
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="Configuring the client to trust the remote host">
+    4.1. Begin by downloading the host CA's public key from the CA's details section.
+    
+    ![ssh host ca public key](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-host-ca-public-key.png)
+    
+    <Note>
+      The CA's public key can also be retrieved programmatically via API by making a `GET` request to the endpoint [here](/api-reference/endpoints/ssh/ca/public-key).
+    </Note>
+
+    4.2. Next, add the resulting public key to the `known_hosts` file on the client machine (e.g. at the path `~/.ssh/known_hosts`).
+
+    ```bash
+    @cert-authority *.example.com ssh-rsa ...
+    ```
+
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="SSH into the host">
+    Finally, SSH into the desired host as usual; the SSH operation will now also include client-side host verification.
+
+    ```bash
+    ssh username@hostname
+    ```
+
+  </Step>
+</Steps>
+
+## FAQ
+
+<AccordionGroup>
+  <Accordion title="How can I confirm if the Infisical SSH workflow is working?">
+    After configuring Infisical SSH, you can add the `-vvv` flag as part of the
+    SSH operation to see verbose output from the SSH client.
+
+    ```bash
+    ssh -vvv username@hostname
+    ```
+
+    You should see output from the SSH client that includes the following if both client key signing and host key signing are working:
+
+    Host certificate was verified and trusted:
+
+    ```bash
+    debug1: Host 'example.com' is known and matches the ECDSA-CERT host certificate.
+    debug1: Found CA key in /Users/user/.ssh/known_hosts:1
+    ```
+
+    You authenticated with your user certificate:
+
+    ```bash
+    debug1: Offering public key: Added via Infisical CLI RSA-CERT SHA256:...
+    debug1: Server accepts key: Added via Infisical CLI RSA-CERT SHA256:...
+    ```
+
+  </Accordion>
+</AccordionGroup>

docs/documentation/platform/ssh.mdx

@@ -1,210 +1,179 @@
 ---
 title: "Infisical SSH"
 sidebarTitle: "Infisical SSH"
-description: "Learn how to generate SSH credentials to provide secure and centralized SSH access control for your infrastructure."
+description: "Learn how to securely provision user SSH access to your infrastructure using SSH certificates."
 ---
 
 ## Concept
 
-Infisical can be used to issue SSH credentials to clients to provide short-lived, secure SSH access to infrastructure;
-this improves on many limitations of traditional SSH key-based authentication via mitigation of private key compromise, static key management,
+Infisical SSH can be configured to provide users on your team short-lived, secure SSH access to infrastructure. Under the hood, it uses SSH certificates
+and improves upon traditional SSH key-based authentication by mitigating private key compromise, static key management,
 unauthorized access, and SSH key sprawl.
 
-The following concepts are useful to know when working with Infisical SSH:
+The following entities and concepts are important to understand when using Infisical SSH:
 
-- SSH Certificate Authority (CA): A trusted authority that issues SSH certificates.
-- Certificate Template: A set of policies bound to a SSH CA for certificates issued under that template; a CA can possess multiple templates, each with different policies for a different purpose (e.g. for admin versus developer access).
-- SSH Certificate: A short-lived, credential issued by the SSH CA granting time-bound access to infrastructure.
+- Administrator: An individual on your team who is responsible for configuring Infisical SSH.
+- Users: Other individuals on your team that need access to the remote host.
+- Host: A remote machine (e.g. EC2 instance, GCP VM, Azure VM, on-prem Linux server, Raspberry Pi, VMware VM, etc.) that users need SSH access to that is registered with Infisical SSH.
 
-<div align="center">
+## Workflow
 
-```mermaid
-graph TD
-    A[SSH CA]
-    A --> B[Certificate Template A]
-    A --> C[Certificate Template N]
-    B --> D[SSH Certificate A]
-    C --> E[SSH Certificate N]
+The typical workflow for using Infisical SSH consists of the following steps:
 
-```
+1. The administrator registers a remote host with Infisical using the Infisical CLI via the `infisical ssh add-host` command.
+2. The administrator configures Infisical SSH to grant users access to the remote host.
+3. User(s) access the remote host using the Infisical CLI via the `infisical ssh connect` command.
 
-</div>
+## Admin Guide for Configuring Infisical SSH
 
-When using Infisical SSH to provision client access to a remote host, an operator must create a SSH CA in Infisical; a certificate template under it,
-specifying policies such as allowed users that can be requested under that template by a client; and configure the host to trust certificates issued by the Infisical SSH CA.
-
-When a client needs access to a host, they authenticate with Infisical and request a SSH certificate (and optionally key pair)
-to be used to access the host for a time-bound session as part of the SSH operation.
-
-## Client Workflow
-
-The following sequence diagram illustrates the client workflow for accessing a remote host using an SSH certificate (and optionally key pair)
-supplied by Infisical.
-
-```mermaid
-sequenceDiagram
-  participant Client as Client
-  participant Infisical as Infisical (SSH CA)
-  participant Host as Remote Host
-
-  Note over Client,Client: Step 1: Client Authentication with Infisical
-  Client->>Infisical: Send credential(s) to authenticate with Infisical
-
-  Infisical-->>Client: Return access token
-
-  Note over Client,Infisical: Step 2: SSH Certificate Request
-  Client->>Infisical: Make authenticated request for SSH certificate via either /api/v1/ssh/issue or /api/v1/ssh/sign
-
-  Infisical-->>Client: Return signed SSH certificate (and optionally key pair)
-
-  Note over Client,Client: Step 3: SSH Operation
-  Client->>Host: SSH into Host using the SSH certificate
-
-  Host-->>Client: Grant access to the host
-```
-
-At a high-level, Infisical issues a signed SSH certificate to a client that can be used to access a remote host.
-
-To be more specific:
-
-1. The client authenticates with Infisical; this can be done using a machine identity [authentication method](/documentation/platform/identities/machine-identities) or a user [authentication method](/documentation/platform/identities/user-identities).
-2. The client makes an authenticated request for an SSH certificate via either the `/api/v1/ssh/issue` or `/api/v1/ssh/sign` endpoints. Note that if the client wishes to use an existing SSH key pair, it can use the `/api/v1/ssh/sign` endpoint; otherwise, it can use the `/api/v1/ssh/issue` endpoint to have Infisical issue a new SSH key pair in conjunction with the certificate.
-3. The client uses the issued SSH certificate (and potentially SSH key pair) to temporarily access the host.
-
-<Note>
-  Note that the workflow above requires an operator to perform additional
-  configuration on the remote host to trust SSH certificates issued by
-  Infisical.
-</Note>
-
-## Guide to Configuring Infisical SSH
-
-In the following steps, we explore how to configure Infisical SSH to start issuing SSH certificates to clients as well as a remote host to trust these certificates
-as part of the SSH operation.
+In the following steps, we explore how to configure Infisical SSH to control and streamline your team's SSH access to infrastructure. As part of this guide,
+we will register a remote host with Infisical through a [machine identity](/documentation/platform/identities/machine-identities) and configure Infisical to grant user(s) access to the remote host.
 
 <Steps>
-  <Step title="Configuring Infisical SSH">
-    1.1. Start by creating a SSH project in the SSH tab of your organization.
+  <Step title="Create an Infisical SSH project">
+    1.1. Start by creating a new Infisical SSH project in Infisical.
     
-    ![ssh project create](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-project.png)
+    ![ssh project create](/images/platform/ssh/v2/ssh-create-project.png)
     
-    1.2. Next, create a CA in the **Certificate Authorities** tab of the
-    project.
+    1.2. Create a custom role in the project under Access Control > Project Roles to grant the machine identity that we will create in step 2 the ability to **Create** and **Issue Host Certificates** on the **SSH Host** resource; this will enable the linked machine identity to bootstrap a remote host with Infisical
+    and establish the necessary configuration on it.
     
-    ![ssh create ca](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-create-ca-1.png)
+    ![ssh custom role bootstrap 1](/images/platform/ssh/v2/ssh-add-bootstrap-role-1.png)
     
-    ![ssh create ca popup](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-create-ca-2.png)
-    
-    Here's some guidance on each field:
+    ![ssh custom role bootstrap 2](/images/platform/ssh/v2/ssh-add-bootstrap-role-2.png)
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="Create a machine identity for bootstrapping Infisical SSH">
+    2.1. Follow the instructions [here](/documentation/platform/identities/universal-auth) to configure a [machine identity](/documentation/platform/identities/machine-identities) in Infisical with Universal Auth.
 
-    - Friendly Name: A friendly name for the CA; this is only for display.
-    - Key Algorithm: The type of public key algorithm and size, in bits, of the key pair for the CA. Supported key algorithms are `RSA 2048`, `RSA 4096`, `ECDSA P-256`, and `ECDSA P-384` with the default being `RSA 2048`.
+    By the end of this step, you should have a **Client ID** and **Client Secret** on hand as part of the Universal Auth configuration for the identity to authenticate with Infisical
+    as part of registering a remote host in step 3.
 
-    1.3. Next, create a certificate template in the **Certificate Templates** section of the newly-created CA.
+    <Note>
+        You may use other authentication methods as suitable (e.g. [AWS Auth](/documentation/platform/identities/aws-auth), [Azure Auth](/documentation/platform/identities/azure-auth), [GCP Auth](/documentation/platform/identities/gcp-auth), etc.) as part of the machine identity configuration but, to keep this example simple, we will be using Universal Auth.
+    </Note>
 
-    A certificate template is a set of policies for certificates issued under that template; each template is bound to a specific CA.
+    2.2. Add the machine identity to the Infisical SSH project you created in the previous step and assign it the custom role you created in step 1.2.
 
-    With certificate templates, you can specify, for example, that certificates issued under a template are only allowed for users with a specific username like `ec2-user` or perhaps that the max TTL requested cannot exceed 1 year.
-
-    ![ssh create template](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-create-template-1.png)
-
-    ![ssh create template popup](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-create-template-2.png)
-
-    Here's some guidance on each field:
-
-    - SSH Template Name: A name for the certificate template; this must be a valid slug.
-    - Allowed Users: A comma-separated list of valid usernames (e.g. `ec2-user`) on the remote host for which a client can request a certificate for. If you wish to allow a client to request a certificate for any username, set this to `*`; alternatively, if left blank, the template will not allow issuance of certificates under any username.
-    - Allowed Hosts: A comma-separated list of valid hostnames/domains on the remote host for which a client can request a certificate for. Each item in the list can be either a wildcard hostname (e.g. `*.acme.com`), a specific hostname (e.g. `example.com`), an IPv4 address (e.g. `192.168.1.1`), or an IPv6 address. If left empty, the template will not allow any hostnames; if set to `*`, the template will allow any hostname.
-    - Default TTL: The default Time-to-Live (TTL) for certificates issued under this template when a client does not explicitly specify a TTL in the certificate request.
-    - Max TTL: The maximum TTL for certificates issued under this template.
-    - Allow User Certificates: Whether or not to allow issuance of user certificates.
-    - Allow Host Certificates: Whether or not to allow issuance of host certificates.
-    - Allow Custom Key IDs: Whether or not to allow clients to specify a custom key ID to be included on the certificate as part of the certificate request.
-
-    1.4. Finally, add the user(s) you wish to be able to request a SSH certificate to the SSH project through the **Access Control** tab.
+    ![ssh add identity to project](/images/platform/ssh/v2/ssh-add-identity-to-project.png)
 
   </Step>
-  <Step title="Configuring the remote host">
-  
-    2.1. Begin by downloading the CA's public key from the CA's details section.
+  <Step title="Configure the remote host">
+    3.1. Follow the instructions [here](/cli/overview) to install the Infisical CLI onto the remote host.
     
-    ![ssh ca public key](/images/platform/ssh/ssh-ca-public-key.png)
-    
-    <Note>
-      The CA's public key can also be retrieved programmatically via API by making a `GET` request to the `/ssh/ca/<ca-id>/public-key` endpoint.
-    </Note>
-    
-    2.2. Next, create a file containing this public key in the SSH folder of the remote host; we'll call the file `ca.pub`.
+    3.2. Run the commands below to register the remote host with Infisical.
 
-    This would result in the file at the path `/etc/ssh/ca.pub`.
-
-    2.3. Next, add the following lines to the `/etc/ssh/sshd_config` file on the remote host.
+    Use the **Client ID** and **Client Secret** from the machine identity you created in step 2.1 as part of the `infisical login` command
+    to obtain an access token and save it as an environment variable.
 
     ```bash
-    TrustedUserCAKeys /etc/ssh/ca.pub
-
-    PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes=+ssh-rsa,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com
+    export INFISICAL_TOKEN=$(infisical login --method=universal-auth --client-id=<identity-client-id> --client-secret=<identity-client-secret> --silent --plain)
     ```
 
-    2.4. Finally, reload the SSH daemon on the remote host to apply the changes.
+    Next, use the `infisical ssh add-host` command to register the remote host with Infisical. As part of this command, input the ID of the Infisical SSH project you created in step 1 for the `--projectId` flag and the hostname of the remote host for the `--hostname` flag.
+
+    ```bash
+    sudo infisical ssh add-host --projectId=<project-id> --hostname=<hostname> --token="$INFISICAL_TOKEN" --writeUserCaToFile --writeHostCertToFile --configureSshd
+    ```
+
+    <Tip>
+        Note that if you're self-hosting Infisical, you can use the `--domain` flag on the `infisical login` command to specify the domain of your Infisical instance.
+
+        For more information on the `infisical ssh add-host` command, please refer to the Infisical CLI [documentation](/cli/overview).
+    </Tip>
+
+    If successful, you should see output similar to the following:
+
+    ```bash
+    ✅ Successfully registered host: <hostname>
+    📁 Wrote User CA public key to: /etc/ssh/infisical_user_ca.pub
+    📁 Wrote host certificate to: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key-cert.pub
+    📄 Updated sshd_config entries
+    ```
+
+    Finally, use the following command to reload the SSH daemon on the remote host to apply the changes:
 
     ```bash
     sudo systemctl reload sshd
     ```
 
-    At this point, the remote host is configured to trust SSH certificates issued by the Infisical SSH CA.
+    <Note>
+      The command may differ depending on the host. For older versions of Ubuntu/Debian/CentOS, you may need to use `sudo service ssh reload` instead;
+      for Alpine or minimal systems, `/etc/init.d/sshd reload`.
+    </Note>
+
+    Back in Infisical, you should now see the remote host you just registered in the Infisical SSH project you created in step 1 under the **Hosts** tab.
+
+    ![ssh hosts](/images/platform/ssh/v2/ssh-added-hosts.png)
+
+  </Step>
+  <Step title="Grant users access to the remote host">
+    4.1. Add the user(s) you wish to grant access to the remote host to the Infisical SSH project under Access Control > Users.
+    
+    ![ssh hosts](/images/platform/ssh/v2/ssh-add-user.png)
+    
+    4.2. On the registered host in the **Hosts** tab, click **Edit SSH Host** and add a login mapping for the user(s) you added in step 4.1.
+
+    The login mapping dictates what user(s) will be allowed access to the remote host and under a specific login user; in the allowed principals,
+    you should select user(s) part of the Infisical SSH project that will be allowed to login to the remote host as the login user.
+
+    For instance, if you add a mapping with the login user `ec2-user` to some users John and Alice in Infisical, then they will be allowed to login to the remote host as `ec2-user` which is a system user that
+    exists on the remote host.
+
+    ![ssh host mappings](/images/platform/ssh/v2/ssh-host-login-mappings.png)
+
+    <Note>
+        Note that you should configure authorized principals files for each login user you add to the remote host.
+    </Note>
 
   </Step>
 </Steps>
 
-## Guide to Using Infisical SSH to Access a Host
+## User Guide for SSHing to a Host
 
-We show how to obtain a SSH certificate and use it for a client to access a host via CLI:
-
-<Note>
-  The subsequent guide assumes the following prerequisites:
-
-- SSH Agent is running: The `ssh-agent` must be actively running on the host machine.
-- OpenSSH is installed: The system should have OpenSSH installed; this includes
-  both the `ssh` client and `ssh-agent`.
-- `SSH_AUTH_SOCK` environment variable
-  is set; the `SSH_AUTH_SOCK` variable should point to the UNIX socket that
-  `ssh-agent` uses for communication.
-
-</Note>
+Once Infisical SSH is configured by an administrator, users can SSH to the remote host using the Infisical CLI.
 
 <Steps>
-  <Step title="Authenticate with Infisical">
+    <Step title="Install the Infisical CLI">
+        Follow the instructions [here](/cli/overview) to install the Infisical CLI onto your local machine.
+    </Step>
+    <Step title="Log in with the CLI">
+        Run the `infisical login` command to authenticate with Infisical.
+        
+        ```bash
+        infisical login
+        ```
+    </Step>
+    <Step title="Connect to the remote host">
+        Run the `infisical ssh connect` command to connect to a remote host.
 
-```bash
-infisical login
-```
+        ```bash
+        infisical ssh connect
+        ```
 
-  </Step>
-  <Step title="Obtain a SSH certificate and load it into the SSH agent">
-    Run the `infisical ssh issue-credentials` command, specifying the `--addToAgent` flag to automatically load the SSH certificate into the SSH agent.
-    ```bash
-    infisical ssh issue-credentials --certificateTemplateId=<certificate-template-id> --principals=<username> --addToAgent
-    ```
+        You'll be prompted to select an SSH Host from a list of accessible hosts; this is based on project membership and login mappings configured on hosts by
+        the administrator.
 
-    Here's some guidance on each flag:
+        ```bash
+        Use the arrow keys to navigate: ↓ ↑ → ←
+        ? Select an SSH Host:
+        ▸ ec2-12-345-678-910.ap-northeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com
+        ```
 
-    - `certificateTemplateId`: The ID of the certificate template to use for issuing the SSH certificate.
-    - `principals`: The comma-delimited username(s) or hostname(s) to include in the SSH certificate.
-    
-    For fuller documentation on commands and flags supported by the Infisical CLI for SSH, refer to the docs [here](/cli/commands/ssh).
- 
-  </Step>
-  <Step title="SSH into the host">
-    Finally, SSH into the desired host; the SSH operation will be performed using the SSH certificate loaded into the SSH agent.
+        After selecting a host, you'll be prompted to select a login user from a list of allowed login users:
+
+        ```bash
+        ? Select Login User:
+        ▸ ec2-user
+        ```
+
+        If successful, you should be able to SSH to the remote host.
+
+        ```bash
+        ✔ ec2-54-199-104-116.ap-northeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com
+        ✔ ec2-user
+        ✔ SSH credentials successfully added to agent
+        Connecting to ec2-user@ec2-12-345-678-910.ap-northeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com...
+        ```
+    </Step>
 
-    ```bash
-    ssh username@hostname
-    ```
-  </Step>
 </Steps>
-
-<Note>
-  Note that the above workflow can be executed via API or other client methods
-  such as SDK.
-</Note>

frontend/src/context/ProjectPermissionContext/types.ts

@@ -75,6 +75,14 @@ export enum ProjectPermissionGroupActions {
   GrantPrivileges = "grant-privileges"
 }
 
+export enum ProjectPermissionSshHostActions {
+  Read = "read",
+  Create = "create",
+  Edit = "edit",
+  Delete = "delete",
+  IssueHostCert = "issue-host-cert"
+}
+
 export enum ProjectPermissionSecretRotationActions {
   Read = "read",
   ReadGeneratedCredentials = "read-generated-credentials",
@@ -148,6 +156,7 @@ export enum ProjectPermissionSub {
   SshCertificateAuthorities = "ssh-certificate-authorities",
   SshCertificateTemplates = "ssh-certificate-templates",
   SshCertificates = "ssh-certificates",
+  SshHosts = "ssh-hosts",
   PkiAlerts = "pki-alerts",
   PkiCollections = "pki-collections",
   Kms = "kms",
@@ -244,6 +253,7 @@ export type ProjectPermissionSet =
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateAuthorities]
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateTemplates]
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificates]
+  | [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions, ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts]
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.PkiAlerts]
   | [ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub.PkiCollections]
   | [ProjectPermissionSecretSyncActions, ProjectPermissionSub.SecretSyncs]

frontend/src/hooks/api/index.tsx

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ export * from "./serverDetails";
 export * from "./serviceTokens";
 export * from "./sshCa";
 export * from "./sshCertificateTemplates";
+export * from "./sshHost";
 export * from "./ssoConfig";
 export * from "./subscriptions";
 export * from "./tags";

frontend/src/hooks/api/sshCa/constants.tsx

@@ -12,3 +12,47 @@ export const sshCertTypeToNameMap: { [K in SshCertType]: string } = {
   [SshCertType.USER]: "User",
   [SshCertType.HOST]: "Host"
 };
+
+export enum SshCaKeySource {
+  INTERNAL = "internal",
+  EXTERNAL = "external"
+}
+
+export enum SshCertKeyAlgorithm {
+  RSA_2048 = "RSA_2048",
+  RSA_4096 = "RSA_4096",
+  ECDSA_P256 = "EC_prime256v1",
+  ECDSA_P384 = "EC_secp384r1",
+  ED25519 = "ED25519"
+}
+
+export const sshCertKeyAlgorithmToNameMap: { [K in SshCertKeyAlgorithm]: string } = {
+  [SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048]: "RSA 2048",
+  [SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096]: "RSA 4096",
+  [SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256]: "ECDSA P256",
+  [SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384]: "ECDSA P384",
+  [SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519]: "ED25519"
+};
+
+export const sshCertKeyAlgorithms = [
+  {
+    label: sshCertKeyAlgorithmToNameMap[SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048],
+    value: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048
+  },
+  {
+    label: sshCertKeyAlgorithmToNameMap[SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096],
+    value: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096
+  },
+  {
+    label: sshCertKeyAlgorithmToNameMap[SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256],
+    value: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256
+  },
+  {
+    label: sshCertKeyAlgorithmToNameMap[SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384],
+    value: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384
+  },
+  {
+    label: sshCertKeyAlgorithmToNameMap[SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519],
+    value: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519
+  }
+];

frontend/src/hooks/api/sshCa/types.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-import { CertKeyAlgorithm } from "../certificates/enums";
-import { SshCaStatus, SshCertType } from "./constants";
+import { SshCaKeySource, SshCaStatus, SshCertKeyAlgorithm, SshCertType } from "./constants";
 
 export type TSshCertificate = {
   id: string;
@@ -18,17 +17,28 @@ export type TSshCertificateAuthority = {
   projectId: string;
   status: SshCaStatus;
   friendlyName: string;
-  keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm;
+  keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm;
+  keySource: SshCaKeySource;
   createdAt: string;
   updatedAt: string;
   publicKey: string;
 };
 
-export type TCreateSshCaDTO = {
-  projectId: string;
-  friendlyName?: string;
-  keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm;
-};
+export type TCreateSshCaDTO =
+  | {
+      projectId: string;
+      friendlyName?: string;
+      keySource: SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL;
+      keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm;
+    }
+  | {
+      projectId: string;
+      friendlyName?: string;
+      keySource: SshCaKeySource.EXTERNAL;
+      keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm;
+      publicKey: string;
+      privateKey: string;
+    };
 
 export type TUpdateSshCaDTO = {
   caId: string;
@@ -58,7 +68,7 @@ export type TSignSshKeyResponse = {
 export type TIssueSshCredsDTO = {
   projectId: string;
   certificateTemplateId: string;
-  keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm;
+  keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm;
   certType: SshCertType;
   principals: string[];
   ttl?: string;
@@ -70,5 +80,5 @@ export type TIssueSshCredsResponse = {
   signedKey: string;
   privateKey: string;
   publicKey: string;
-  keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm;
+  keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm;
 };

frontend/src/hooks/api/sshHost/index.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+export { useCreateSshHost, useDeleteSshHost, useUpdateSshHost } from "./mutations";
+export { fetchSshHostUserCaPublicKey, useGetSshHostById } from "./queries";

frontend/src/hooks/api/sshHost/mutations.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { useMutation, useQueryClient } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+
+import { apiRequest } from "@app/config/request";
+
+import { workspaceKeys } from "../workspace/query-keys";
+import { TCreateSshHostDTO, TDeleteSshHostDTO, TSshHost, TUpdateSshHostDTO } from "./types";
+
+export const useCreateSshHost = () => {
+  const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+  return useMutation<TSshHost, object, TCreateSshHostDTO>({
+    mutationFn: async (body) => {
+      const { data: host } = await apiRequest.post("/api/v1/ssh/hosts", body);
+      return host;
+    },
+    onSuccess: ({ projectId }) => {
+      queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: workspaceKeys.getWorkspaceSshHosts(projectId) });
+    }
+  });
+};
+
+export const useUpdateSshHost = () => {
+  const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+  return useMutation<TSshHost, object, TUpdateSshHostDTO>({
+    mutationFn: async ({ sshHostId, ...body }) => {
+      const { data: host } = await apiRequest.patch(`/api/v1/ssh/hosts/${sshHostId}`, body);
+      return host;
+    },
+    onSuccess: ({ projectId }) => {
+      queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: workspaceKeys.getWorkspaceSshHosts(projectId) });
+    }
+  });
+};
+
+export const useDeleteSshHost = () => {
+  const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+  return useMutation<TSshHost, object, TDeleteSshHostDTO>({
+    mutationFn: async ({ sshHostId }) => {
+      const { data: host } = await apiRequest.delete(`/api/v1/ssh/hosts/${sshHostId}`);
+      return host;
+    },
+    onSuccess: ({ projectId }) => {
+      queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: workspaceKeys.getWorkspaceSshHosts(projectId) });
+    }
+  });
+};

frontend/src/hooks/api/sshHost/queries.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import { useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+
+import { apiRequest } from "@app/config/request";
+
+import { TSshHost } from "./types";
+
+export const sshHostKeys = {
+  getSshHostById: (sshHostId: string) => [{ sshHostId }, "ssh-host"],
+  getSshHostUserCaPublicKey: (sshHostId: string) => [{ sshHostId }, "ssh-host-user-ca-public-key"]
+};
+
+export const useGetSshHostById = (sshHostId: string) => {
+  return useQuery({
+    queryKey: sshHostKeys.getSshHostById(sshHostId),
+    queryFn: async () => {
+      const { data: sshHost } = await apiRequest.get<TSshHost>(`/api/v1/ssh/hosts/${sshHostId}`);
+      return sshHost;
+    },
+    enabled: Boolean(sshHostId)
+  });
+};
+
+export const fetchSshHostUserCaPublicKey = async (sshHostId: string): Promise<string> => {
+  const { data } = await apiRequest.get<string>(
+    `/api/v1/ssh/hosts/${sshHostId}/user-ca-public-key`
+  );
+  return data;
+};

frontend/src/hooks/api/sshHost/types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+export type TSshHost = {
+  id: string;
+  projectId: string;
+  hostname: string;
+  userCertTtl: string;
+  hostCertTtl: string;
+  loginMappings: {
+    loginUser: string;
+    allowedPrincipals: {
+      usernames: string[];
+    };
+  }[];
+};
+
+export type TCreateSshHostDTO = {
+  projectId: string;
+  hostname: string;
+  userCertTtl?: string;
+  hostCertTtl?: string;
+  loginMappings: {
+    loginUser: string;
+    allowedPrincipals: {
+      usernames: string[];
+    };
+  }[];
+};
+
+export type TUpdateSshHostDTO = {
+  sshHostId: string;
+  hostname?: string;
+  userCertTtl?: string;
+  hostCertTtl?: string;
+  loginMappings?: {
+    loginUser: string;
+    allowedPrincipals: {
+      usernames: string[];
+    };
+  }[];
+};
+
+export type TDeleteSshHostDTO = {
+  sshHostId: string;
+};

frontend/src/hooks/api/workspace/index.tsx

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ export {
   useListWorkspaceSshCas,
   useListWorkspaceSshCertificates,
   useListWorkspaceSshCertificateTemplates,
+  useListWorkspaceSshHosts,
   useNameWorkspaceSecrets,
   useSearchProjects,
   useToggleAutoCapitalization,

frontend/src/hooks/api/workspace/queries.tsx

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import { TPkiCollection } from "../pkiCollections/types";
 import { EncryptedSecret } from "../secrets/types";
 import { TSshCertificate, TSshCertificateAuthority } from "../sshCa/types";
 import { TSshCertificateTemplate } from "../sshCertificateTemplates/types";
+import { TSshHost } from "../sshHost/types";
 import { userKeys } from "../users/query-keys";
 import { TWorkspaceUser } from "../users/types";
 import { ProjectSlackConfig } from "../workflowIntegrations/types";
@@ -827,6 +828,19 @@ export const useListWorkspaceSshCas = (projectId: string) => {
   });
 };
 
+export const useListWorkspaceSshHosts = (projectId: string) => {
+  return useQuery({
+    queryKey: workspaceKeys.getWorkspaceSshHosts(projectId),
+    queryFn: async () => {
+      const {
+        data: { hosts }
+      } = await apiRequest.get<{ hosts: TSshHost[] }>(`/api/v2/workspace/${projectId}/ssh-hosts`);
+      return hosts;
+    },
+    enabled: Boolean(projectId)
+  });
+};
+
 export const useListWorkspaceSshCertificateTemplates = (projectId: string) => {
   return useQuery({
     queryKey: workspaceKeys.getWorkspaceSshCertificateTemplates(projectId),

frontend/src/hooks/api/workspace/query-keys.tsx

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ export const workspaceKeys = {
   getWorkspaceSshCas: (projectId: string) => [{ projectId }, "workspace-ssh-cas"] as const,
   allWorkspaceSshCertificates: (projectId: string) =>
     [{ projectId }, "workspace-ssh-certificates"] as const,
+  getWorkspaceSshHosts: (projectId: string) => [{ projectId }, "workspace-ssh-hosts"] as const,
   specificWorkspaceSshCertificates: ({
     offset,
     limit,

frontend/src/layouts/ProjectLayout/ProjectLayout.tsx

@@ -134,18 +134,48 @@ export const ProjectLayout = () => {
                         </Link>
                       )}
                       {isSSH && (
-                        <Link
-                          to={`/${ProjectType.SSH}/$projectId/overview` as const}
-                          params={{
-                            projectId: currentWorkspace.id
-                          }}
-                        >
-                          {({ isActive }) => (
-                            <MenuItem isSelected={isActive} icon="lock-closed">
-                              Overview
-                            </MenuItem>
-                          )}
-                        </Link>
+                        <>
+                          <Link
+                            to={`/${ProjectType.SSH}/$projectId/overview` as const}
+                            params={{
+                              projectId: currentWorkspace.id
+                            }}
+                          >
+                            {({ isActive }) => (
+                              <MenuItem isSelected={isActive} icon="server">
+                                Hosts
+                              </MenuItem>
+                            )}
+                          </Link>
+                          {/* <Link
+                            to={`/${ProjectType.SSH}/$projectId/certificates` as const}
+                            params={{
+                              projectId: currentWorkspace.id
+                            }}
+                          >
+                            {({ isActive }) => (
+                              <MenuItem isSelected={isActive} icon="certificate" iconMode="reverse">
+                                Certificates
+                              </MenuItem>
+                            )}
+                          </Link> */}
+                          {/* <Link
+                            to={`/${ProjectType.SSH}/$projectId/cas` as const}
+                            params={{
+                              projectId: currentWorkspace.id
+                            }}
+                          >
+                            {({ isActive }) => (
+                              <MenuItem
+                                isSelected={isActive}
+                                icon="certificate-authority"
+                                iconMode="reverse"
+                              >
+                                Certificate Authorities
+                              </MenuItem>
+                            )}
+                          </Link> */}
+                        </>
                       )}
                       {isSecretManager && (
                         <Link

frontend/src/pages/organization/SecretManagerOverviewPage/SecretManagerOverviewPage.tsx

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const formatDescription = (type: ProjectType) => {
     return "Manage your PKI infrastructure and issue digital certificates for services, applications, and devices.";
   if (type === ProjectType.KMS)
     return "Centralize the management of keys for cryptographic operations, such as encryption and decryption.";
-  return "Generate SSH credentials to provide secure and centralized SSH access control for your infrastructure.";
+  return "Infisical SSH lets you issue SSH credentials to users for short-lived, secure SSH access to infrastructure.";
 };
 
 type Props = {

frontend/src/pages/project/RoleDetailsBySlugPage/components/ProjectRoleModifySection.utils.tsx

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
   ProjectPermissionSecretActions,
   ProjectPermissionSecretRotationActions,
   ProjectPermissionSecretSyncActions,
+  ProjectPermissionSshHostActions,
   TPermissionCondition,
   TPermissionConditionOperators
 } from "@app/context/ProjectPermissionContext/types";
@@ -108,6 +109,14 @@ const GroupPolicyActionSchema = z.object({
   [ProjectPermissionGroupActions.GrantPrivileges]: z.boolean().optional()
 });
 
+const SshHostPolicyActionSchema = z.object({
+  [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Read]: z.boolean().optional(),
+  [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Create]: z.boolean().optional(),
+  [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Edit]: z.boolean().optional(),
+  [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Delete]: z.boolean().optional(),
+  [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.IssueHostCert]: z.boolean().optional()
+});
+
 const SecretRollbackPolicyActionSchema = z.object({
   read: z.boolean().optional(),
   create: z.boolean().optional()
@@ -215,6 +224,12 @@ export const projectRoleFormSchema = z.object({
       ),
       [ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificates]: GeneralPolicyActionSchema.array().default([]),
       [ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateTemplates]: GeneralPolicyActionSchema.array().default([]),
+      [ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts]: SshHostPolicyActionSchema.extend({
+        inverted: z.boolean().optional(),
+        conditions: ConditionSchema
+      })
+        .array()
+        .default([]),
       [ProjectPermissionSub.SecretApproval]: GeneralPolicyActionSchema.array().default([]),
       [ProjectPermissionSub.SecretRollback]: SecretRollbackPolicyActionSchema.array().default([]),
       [ProjectPermissionSub.Project]: WorkspacePolicyActionSchema.array().default([]),
@@ -241,6 +256,7 @@ type TConditionalFields =
   | ProjectPermissionSub.SecretFolders
   | ProjectPermissionSub.SecretImports
   | ProjectPermissionSub.DynamicSecrets
+  | ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts
   | ProjectPermissionSub.SecretRotation
   | ProjectPermissionSub.Identity;
 
@@ -251,8 +267,9 @@ export const isConditionalSubjects = (
   subject === ProjectPermissionSub.DynamicSecrets ||
   subject === ProjectPermissionSub.SecretImports ||
   subject === ProjectPermissionSub.SecretFolders ||
-  subject === ProjectPermissionSub.SecretRotation ||
-  subject === ProjectPermissionSub.Identity;
+  subject === ProjectPermissionSub.Identity ||
+  subject === ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts ||
+  subject === ProjectPermissionSub.SecretRotation;
 
 const convertCaslConditionToFormOperator = (caslConditions: TPermissionCondition) => {
   const formConditions: z.infer<typeof ConditionSchema> = [];
@@ -308,7 +325,10 @@ export const rolePermission2Form = (permissions: TProjectPermission[] = []) => {
         ProjectPermissionSub.SecretApproval,
         ProjectPermissionSub.Tags,
         ProjectPermissionSub.SecretRotation,
-        ProjectPermissionSub.Kms
+        ProjectPermissionSub.Kms,
+        ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateTemplates,
+        ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateAuthorities,
+        ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificates
       ].includes(subject)
     ) {
       // from above statement we are sure it won't be undefined
@@ -577,7 +597,32 @@ export const rolePermission2Form = (permissions: TProjectPermission[] = []) => {
       if (canRemoveSecrets)
         formVal[subject]![0][ProjectPermissionSecretSyncActions.RemoveSecrets] = true;
     }
+
+    if (subject === ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts) {
+      if (!formVal[subject]) formVal[subject] = [];
+
+      formVal[subject]!.push({
+        [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Edit]: action.includes(
+          ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Edit
+        ),
+        [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Delete]: action.includes(
+          ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Delete
+        ),
+        [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Create]: action.includes(
+          ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Create
+        ),
+        [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Read]: action.includes(
+          ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Read
+        ),
+        [ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.IssueHostCert]: action.includes(
+          ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.IssueHostCert
+        ),
+        conditions: conditions ? convertCaslConditionToFormOperator(conditions) : [],
+        inverted
+      });
+    }
   });
+
   return formVal;
 };
 
@@ -901,6 +946,16 @@ export const PROJECT_PERMISSION_OBJECT: TProjectPermissionObject = {
       { label: "Remove", value: "delete" }
     ]
   },
+  [ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts]: {
+    title: "SSH Hosts",
+    actions: [
+      { label: "Read", value: ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Read },
+      { label: "Create", value: ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Create },
+      { label: "Modify", value: ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Edit },
+      { label: "Remove", value: ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.Delete },
+      { label: "Issue Host Certificate", value: ProjectPermissionSshHostActions.IssueHostCert }
+    ]
+  },
   [ProjectPermissionSub.PkiCollections]: {
     title: "PKI Collections",
     actions: [

frontend/src/pages/project/RoleDetailsBySlugPage/components/RolePermissionsSection.tsx

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { ProjectPermissionSub, useWorkspace } from "@app/context";
 import { ProjectPermissionSet } from "@app/context/ProjectPermissionContext";
 import { evaluatePermissionsAbility } from "@app/helpers/permissions";
 import { useGetProjectRoleBySlug, useUpdateProjectRole } from "@app/hooks/api";
+import { ProjectType } from "@app/hooks/api/workspace/types";
 
 import { GeneralPermissionConditions } from "./GeneralPermissionConditions";
 import { GeneralPermissionPolicies } from "./GeneralPermissionPolicies";
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ import {
   TFormSchema
 } from "./ProjectRoleModifySection.utils";
 import { SecretPermissionConditions } from "./SecretPermissionConditions";
+import { SshHostPermissionConditions } from "./SshHostPermissionConditions";
 
 type Props = {
   roleSlug: string;
@@ -51,6 +53,10 @@ export const renderConditionalComponents = (
       return <IdentityManagementPermissionConditions isDisabled={isDisabled} />;
     }
 
+    if (subject === ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts) {
+      return <SshHostPermissionConditions isDisabled={isDisabled} />;
+    }
+
     return <GeneralPermissionConditions isDisabled={isDisabled} type={subject} />;
   }
 
@@ -134,7 +140,9 @@ export const RolePermissionsSection = ({ roleSlug, isDisabled }: Props) => {
 
   return (
     <div className="w-full">
-      <AccessTree permissions={formattedPermissions} />
+      {currentWorkspace.type === ProjectType.SecretManager && (
+        <AccessTree permissions={formattedPermissions} />
+      )}
       <form
         onSubmit={handleSubmit(onSubmit)}
         className="w-full rounded-lg border border-mineshaft-600 bg-mineshaft-900 p-4"

frontend/src/pages/project/RoleDetailsBySlugPage/components/SshHostPermissionConditions.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+import { Controller, useFieldArray, useFormContext } from "react-hook-form";
+import { faInfoCircle, faPlus, faTrash, faWarning } from "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons";
+import { FontAwesomeIcon } from "@fortawesome/react-fontawesome";
+
+import {
+  Button,
+  FormControl,
+  IconButton,
+  Input,
+  Select,
+  SelectItem,
+  Tooltip
+} from "@app/components/v2";
+import {
+  PermissionConditionOperators,
+  ProjectPermissionSub
+} from "@app/context/ProjectPermissionContext/types";
+
+import { getConditionOperatorHelperInfo } from "./PermissionConditionHelpers";
+import { TFormSchema } from "./ProjectRoleModifySection.utils";
+
+type Props = {
+  position?: number;
+  isDisabled?: boolean;
+};
+
+export const SshHostPermissionConditions = ({ position = 0, isDisabled }: Props) => {
+  const {
+    control,
+    watch,
+    formState: { errors }
+  } = useFormContext<TFormSchema>();
+
+  const permissionSubject = ProjectPermissionSub.SshHosts;
+  const items = useFieldArray({
+    control,
+    name: `permissions.${permissionSubject}.${position}.conditions`
+  });
+
+  return (
+    <div className="mt-6 border-t border-t-mineshaft-600 bg-mineshaft-800 pt-2">
+      <p className="mt-2 text-gray-300">Conditions</p>
+      <p className="text-sm text-mineshaft-400">
+        Conditions determine when a policy will be applied (always if no conditions are present).
+      </p>
+      <p className="mb-3 text-sm leading-4 text-mineshaft-400">
+        All conditions must evaluate to true for the policy to take effect.
+      </p>
+      <div className="mt-2 flex flex-col space-y-2">
+        {items.fields.map((el, index) => {
+          const condition =
+            (watch(`permissions.${permissionSubject}.${position}.conditions.${index}`) as {
+              lhs: string;
+              rhs: string;
+              operator: string;
+            }) || {};
+
+          return (
+            <div
+              key={el.id}
+              className="flex gap-2 bg-mineshaft-800 first:rounded-t-md last:rounded-b-md"
+            >
+              <div className="w-1/4">
+                <Controller
+                  control={control}
+                  name={`permissions.${permissionSubject}.${position}.conditions.${index}.lhs`}
+                  render={({ field, fieldState: { error } }) => (
+                    <FormControl
+                      isError={Boolean(error?.message)}
+                      errorText={error?.message}
+                      className="mb-0"
+                    >
+                      <Select
+                        defaultValue={field.value}
+                        {...field}
+                        onValueChange={(e) => field.onChange(e)}
+                        className="w-full"
+                      >
+                        <SelectItem value="hostname">Hostname</SelectItem>
+                      </Select>
+                    </FormControl>
+                  )}
+                />
+              </div>
+              <div className="flex w-36 items-center space-x-2">
+                <Controller
+                  control={control}
+                  name={`permissions.${permissionSubject}.${position}.conditions.${index}.operator`}
+                  render={({ field, fieldState: { error } }) => (
+                    <FormControl
+                      isError={Boolean(error?.message)}
+                      errorText={error?.message}
+                      className="mb-0 flex-grow"
+                    >
+                      <Select
+                        defaultValue={field.value}
+                        {...field}
+                        onValueChange={(e) => field.onChange(e)}
+                        className="w-full"
+                      >
+                        <SelectItem value={PermissionConditionOperators.$EQ}>Equals</SelectItem>
+                        <SelectItem value={PermissionConditionOperators.$GLOB}>Glob</SelectItem>
+                        <SelectItem value={PermissionConditionOperators.$IN}>In</SelectItem>
+                      </Select>
+                    </FormControl>
+                  )}
+                />
+                <Tooltip
+                  asChild
+                  content={getConditionOperatorHelperInfo(
+                    condition?.operator as PermissionConditionOperators
+                  )}
+                  className="max-w-xs"
+                >
+                  <FontAwesomeIcon icon={faInfoCircle} size="xs" className="text-gray-400" />
+                </Tooltip>
+              </div>
+              <div className="flex-grow">
+                <Controller
+                  control={control}
+                  name={`permissions.${permissionSubject}.${position}.conditions.${index}.rhs`}
+                  render={({ field, fieldState: { error } }) => (
+                    <FormControl
+                      isError={Boolean(error?.message)}
+                      errorText={error?.message}
+                      className="mb-0 flex-grow"
+                    >
+                      <Input {...field} />
+                    </FormControl>
+                  )}
+                />
+              </div>
+              <div>
+                <IconButton
+                  ariaLabel="plus"
+                  variant="outline_bg"
+                  className="p-2.5"
+                  onClick={() => items.remove(index)}
+                >
+                  <FontAwesomeIcon icon={faTrash} />
+                </IconButton>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          );
+        })}
+      </div>
+      {errors?.permissions?.[permissionSubject]?.[position]?.conditions?.message && (
+        <div className="flex items-center space-x-2 py-2 text-sm text-gray-400">
+          <FontAwesomeIcon icon={faWarning} className="text-red" />
+          <span>{errors?.permissions?.[permissionSubject]?.[position]?.conditions?.message}</span>
+        </div>
+      )}
+      <div>
+        <Button
+          leftIcon={<FontAwesomeIcon icon={faPlus} />}
+          variant="star"
+          size="xs"
+          className="mt-3"
+          isDisabled={isDisabled}
+          onClick={() =>
+            items.append({
+              lhs: "hostname",
+              operator: PermissionConditionOperators.$EQ,
+              rhs: ""
+            })
+          }
+        >
+          Add Condition
+        </Button>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+};

frontend/src/pages/ssh/OverviewPage/OverviewPage.tsx

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-import { Helmet } from "react-helmet";
-import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
-import { motion } from "framer-motion";
-
-import { ProjectPermissionCan } from "@app/components/permissions";
-import { PageHeader, Tab, TabList, TabPanel, Tabs } from "@app/components/v2";
-import { ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub } from "@app/context";
-
-import { SshCaSection, SshCertificatesSection } from "./components";
-
-enum TabSections {
-  SshCa = "ssh-certificate-authorities",
-  SshCertificates = "ssh-certificates"
-}
-
-export const OverviewPage = () => {
-  const { t } = useTranslation();
-  return (
-    <>
-      <Helmet>
-        <title>{t("common.head-title", { title: "Certificates" })}</title>
-      </Helmet>
-      <div className="h-full bg-bunker-800">
-        <div className="container mx-auto flex flex-col justify-between bg-bunker-800 text-white">
-          <div className="mx-auto mb-6 w-full max-w-7xl">
-            <PageHeader
-              title="Overview"
-              description="Infisical SSH lets you issue SSH credentials to clients to provide short-lived, secure SSH access to infrastructure."
-            />
-            <Tabs defaultValue={TabSections.SshCertificates}>
-              <TabList>
-                <Tab value={TabSections.SshCertificates}>SSH Certificates</Tab>
-                <Tab value={TabSections.SshCa}>Certificate Authorities</Tab>
-              </TabList>
-              <TabPanel value={TabSections.SshCertificates}>
-                <motion.div
-                  key="panel-ssh-certificate-s"
-                  transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
-                  initial={{ opacity: 0, translateX: 30 }}
-                  animate={{ opacity: 1, translateX: 0 }}
-                  exit={{ opacity: 0, translateX: 30 }}
-                >
-                  <ProjectPermissionCan
-                    I={ProjectPermissionActions.Read}
-                    a={ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificates}
-                    renderGuardBanner
-                    passThrough={false}
-                  >
-                    <SshCertificatesSection />
-                  </ProjectPermissionCan>
-                </motion.div>
-              </TabPanel>
-              <TabPanel value={TabSections.SshCa}>
-                <motion.div
-                  key="panel-ssh-certificate-authorities"
-                  transition={{ duration: 0.15 }}
-                  initial={{ opacity: 0, translateX: 30 }}
-                  animate={{ opacity: 1, translateX: 0 }}
-                  exit={{ opacity: 0, translateX: 30 }}
-                >
-                  <ProjectPermissionCan
-                    I={ProjectPermissionActions.Read}
-                    a={ProjectPermissionSub.SshCertificateAuthorities}
-                    renderGuardBanner
-                    passThrough={false}
-                  >
-                    <SshCaSection />
-                  </ProjectPermissionCan>
-                </motion.div>
-              </TabPanel>
-            </Tabs>
-          </div>
-        </div>
-      </div>
-    </>
-  );
-};

frontend/src/pages/ssh/OverviewPage/components/SshCaModal.tsx

@@ -1,198 +0,0 @@
-import { useEffect } from "react";
-import { Controller, useForm } from "react-hook-form";
-import { zodResolver } from "@hookform/resolvers/zod";
-import { useNavigate } from "@tanstack/react-router";
-import { z } from "zod";
-
-import { createNotification } from "@app/components/notifications";
-import {
-  Button,
-  FormControl,
-  Input,
-  Modal,
-  ModalContent,
-  Select,
-  SelectItem
-} from "@app/components/v2";
-import { useWorkspace } from "@app/context";
-import { useCreateSshCa, useGetSshCaById, useUpdateSshCa } from "@app/hooks/api";
-import { certKeyAlgorithms } from "@app/hooks/api/certificates/constants";
-import { CertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/hooks/api/certificates/enums";
-import { ProjectType } from "@app/hooks/api/workspace/types";
-import { UsePopUpState } from "@app/hooks/usePopUp";
-
-type Props = {
-  popUp: UsePopUpState<["sshCa"]>;
-  handlePopUpToggle: (popUpName: keyof UsePopUpState<["sshCa"]>, state?: boolean) => void;
-};
-
-const schema = z
-  .object({
-    friendlyName: z.string(),
-    keyAlgorithm: z.enum([
-      CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048,
-      CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096,
-      CertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256,
-      CertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384
-    ])
-  })
-  .required();
-
-export type FormData = z.infer<typeof schema>;
-
-export const SshCaModal = ({ popUp, handlePopUpToggle }: Props) => {
-  const navigate = useNavigate();
-  const { currentWorkspace } = useWorkspace();
-  const projectId = currentWorkspace?.id || "";
-  const { data: ca } = useGetSshCaById((popUp?.sshCa?.data as { caId: string })?.caId || "");
-
-  const { mutateAsync: createMutateAsync } = useCreateSshCa();
-  const { mutateAsync: updateMutateAsync } = useUpdateSshCa();
-
-  const {
-    control,
-    handleSubmit,
-    reset,
-    formState: { isSubmitting }
-  } = useForm<FormData>({
-    resolver: zodResolver(schema),
-    defaultValues: {
-      friendlyName: "",
-      keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048
-    }
-  });
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (ca) {
-      reset({
-        friendlyName: ca.friendlyName,
-        keyAlgorithm: ca.keyAlgorithm
-      });
-    } else {
-      reset({
-        friendlyName: "",
-        keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048
-      });
-    }
-  }, [ca]);
-
-  const onFormSubmit = async ({ friendlyName, keyAlgorithm }: FormData) => {
-    try {
-      if (!projectId) return;
-
-      if (ca) {
-        await updateMutateAsync({
-          caId: ca.id,
-          friendlyName
-        });
-      } else {
-        const { id: newCaId } = await createMutateAsync({
-          projectId,
-          friendlyName,
-          keyAlgorithm
-        });
-
-        navigate({
-          to: `/${ProjectType.SSH}/$projectId/ca/$caId` as const,
-          params: {
-            projectId,
-            caId: newCaId
-          }
-        });
-      }
-
-      reset();
-      handlePopUpToggle("sshCa", false);
-
-      createNotification({
-        text: `Successfully ${ca ? "updated" : "created"} SSH CA`,
-        type: "success"
-      });
-    } catch (err) {
-      console.error(err);
-      createNotification({
-        text: "Failed to create SSH CA",
-        type: "error"
-      });
-    }
-  };
-
-  return (
-    <Modal
-      isOpen={popUp?.sshCa?.isOpen}
-      onOpenChange={(isOpen) => {
-        reset();
-        handlePopUpToggle("sshCa", isOpen);
-      }}
-    >
-      <ModalContent title={`${ca ? "View" : "Create"} SSH CA`}>
-        <form onSubmit={handleSubmit(onFormSubmit)}>
-          {ca && (
-            <FormControl label="CA ID">
-              <Input value={ca.id} isDisabled className="bg-white/[0.07]" />
-            </FormControl>
-          )}
-          <Controller
-            control={control}
-            defaultValue=""
-            name="friendlyName"
-            render={({ field, fieldState: { error } }) => (
-              <FormControl
-                label="Friendly Name"
-                isError={Boolean(error)}
-                errorText={error?.message}
-                isRequired
-              >
-                <Input {...field} placeholder="My SSH CA" />
-              </FormControl>
-            )}
-          />
-          <Controller
-            control={control}
-            name="keyAlgorithm"
-            defaultValue={CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048}
-            render={({ field: { onChange, ...field }, fieldState: { error } }) => (
-              <FormControl
-                label="Key Algorithm"
-                errorText={error?.message}
-                isError={Boolean(error)}
-              >
-                <Select
-                  defaultValue={field.value}
-                  {...field}
-                  onValueChange={(e) => onChange(e)}
-                  className="w-full"
-                  isDisabled={Boolean(ca)}
-                >
-                  {certKeyAlgorithms.map(({ label, value }) => (
-                    <SelectItem value={String(value || "")} key={label}>
-                      {label}
-                    </SelectItem>
-                  ))}
-                </Select>
-              </FormControl>
-            )}
-          />
-          <div className="flex items-center">
-            <Button
-              className="mr-4"
-              size="sm"
-              type="submit"
-              isLoading={isSubmitting}
-              isDisabled={isSubmitting}
-            >
-              {popUp?.sshCa?.data ? "Update" : "Create"}
-            </Button>
-            <Button
-              colorSchema="secondary"
-              variant="plain"
-              onClick={() => handlePopUpToggle("sshCa", false)}
-            >
-              Cancel
-            </Button>
-          </div>
-        </form>
-      </ModalContent>
-    </Modal>
-  );
-};

frontend/src/pages/ssh/SshCaByIDPage/SshCaByIDPage.tsx

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import { useDeleteSshCa, useGetSshCaById } from "@app/hooks/api";
 import { ProjectType } from "@app/hooks/api/workspace/types";
 import { usePopUp } from "@app/hooks/usePopUp";
 
-import { SshCaModal } from "../OverviewPage/components/SshCaModal";
+import { SshCaModal } from "../SshCasPage/components/SshCaModal";
 import { SshCaDetailsSection, SshCertificateTemplatesSection } from "./components";
 
 const Page = () => {

frontend/src/pages/ssh/SshCaByIDPage/components/SshCaDetailsSection.tsx

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { ProjectPermissionActions, ProjectPermissionSub } from "@app/context";
 import { useTimedReset } from "@app/hooks";
 import { useGetSshCaById } from "@app/hooks/api";
 import { caStatusToNameMap } from "@app/hooks/api/ca/constants";
-import { certKeyAlgorithmToNameMap } from "@app/hooks/api/certificates/constants";
+import { sshCertKeyAlgorithmToNameMap } from "@app/hooks/api/sshCa/constants";
 import { UsePopUpState } from "@app/hooks/usePopUp";
 
 type Props = {
@@ -93,7 +93,9 @@ export const SshCaDetailsSection = ({ caId, handlePopUpOpen }: Props) => {
         </div>
         <div className="mb-4">
           <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-mineshaft-300">Key Algorithm</p>
-          <p className="text-sm text-mineshaft-300">{certKeyAlgorithmToNameMap[ca.keyAlgorithm]}</p>
+          <p className="text-sm text-mineshaft-300">
+            {sshCertKeyAlgorithmToNameMap[ca.keyAlgorithm]}
+          </p>
         </div>
         <div>
           <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-mineshaft-300">Public Key</p>

frontend/src/pages/ssh/SshCaByIDPage/components/SshCertificateModal.tsx

@@ -22,9 +22,11 @@ import {
   useListWorkspaceSshCertificateTemplates,
   useSignSshKey
 } from "@app/hooks/api";
-import { certKeyAlgorithms } from "@app/hooks/api/certificates/constants";
-import { CertKeyAlgorithm } from "@app/hooks/api/certificates/enums";
-import { SshCertType } from "@app/hooks/api/sshCa/constants";
+import {
+  SshCertKeyAlgorithm,
+  sshCertKeyAlgorithms,
+  SshCertType
+} from "@app/hooks/api/sshCa/constants";
 import { UsePopUpState } from "@app/hooks/usePopUp";
 
 import { SshCertificateContent } from "./SshCertificateContent";
@@ -33,10 +35,11 @@ const schema = z.object({
   templateId: z.string(),
   publicKey: z.string().optional(),
   keyAlgorithm: z.enum([
-    CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048,
-    CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096,
-    CertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256,
-    CertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384
+    SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048,
+    SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096,
+    SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256,
+    SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384,
+    SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519
   ]),
   certType: z.nativeEnum(SshCertType),
   principals: z.string(),
@@ -95,7 +98,7 @@ export const SshCertificateModal = ({ popUp, handlePopUpToggle }: Props) => {
   } = useForm<FormData>({
     resolver: zodResolver(schema),
     defaultValues: {
-      keyAlgorithm: CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048,
+      keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519,
       certType: SshCertType.USER
     }
   });
@@ -282,7 +285,7 @@ export const SshCertificateModal = ({ popUp, handlePopUpToggle }: Props) => {
               <Controller
                 control={control}
                 name="keyAlgorithm"
-                defaultValue={CertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048}
+                defaultValue={SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519}
                 render={({ field: { onChange, ...field }, fieldState: { error } }) => (
                   <FormControl
                     label="Key Algorithm"
@@ -295,7 +298,7 @@ export const SshCertificateModal = ({ popUp, handlePopUpToggle }: Props) => {
                       onValueChange={(e) => onChange(e)}
                       className="w-full"
                     >
-                      {certKeyAlgorithms.map(({ label, value }) => (
+                      {sshCertKeyAlgorithms.map(({ label, value }) => (
                         <SelectItem value={String(value || "")} key={label}>
                           {label}
                         </SelectItem>

frontend/src/pages/ssh/SshCaByIDPage/components/SshCertificateTemplateModal.tsx

@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ const schema = z
     allowHostCertificates: z.boolean().optional().default(false),
     allowCustomKeyIds: z.boolean().optional().default(false)
   })
-  .refine((data) => ms(data.maxTTL) > ms(data.ttl), {
-    message: "Max TLL must be greater than TTL",
+  .refine((data) => ms(data.maxTTL) >= ms(data.ttl), {
+    message: "Max TLL must be greater than or equal to TTL",
     path: ["maxTTL"]
   });
 

frontend/src/pages/ssh/SshCasPage/SshCasPage.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import { Helmet } from "react-helmet";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
+
+import { PageHeader } from "@app/components/v2";
+
+import { SshCaSection } from "./components";
+
+export const SshCasPage = () => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  return (
+    <>
+      <Helmet>
+        <title>{t("common.head-title", { title: "SSH" })}</title>
+      </Helmet>
+      <div className="h-full bg-bunker-800">
+        <div className="container mx-auto flex flex-col justify-between bg-bunker-800 text-white">
+          <div className="mx-auto mb-6 w-full max-w-7xl">
+            <PageHeader
+              title="SSH Certificate Authorities"
+              description="Manage the SSH certificate authorities used to sign user and host certificates, including custom and default CAs."
+            />
+            <SshCaSection />
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </>
+  );
+};

frontend/src/pages/ssh/SshCasPage/components/SshCaModal.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+import { useEffect } from "react";
+import { Controller, useForm } from "react-hook-form";
+import { zodResolver } from "@hookform/resolvers/zod";
+import { useNavigate } from "@tanstack/react-router";
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { createNotification } from "@app/components/notifications";
+import {
+  Button,
+  FormControl,
+  Input,
+  Modal,
+  ModalContent,
+  Select,
+  SelectItem,
+  TextArea
+} from "@app/components/v2";
+import { useWorkspace } from "@app/context";
+import { useCreateSshCa, useGetSshCaById, useUpdateSshCa } from "@app/hooks/api";
+import {
+  SshCaKeySource,
+  SshCertKeyAlgorithm,
+  sshCertKeyAlgorithms
+} from "@app/hooks/api/sshCa/constants";
+import { ProjectType } from "@app/hooks/api/workspace/types";
+import { UsePopUpState } from "@app/hooks/usePopUp";
+
+type Props = {
+  popUp: UsePopUpState<["sshCa"]>;
+  handlePopUpToggle: (popUpName: keyof UsePopUpState<["sshCa"]>, state?: boolean) => void;
+};
+
+const sshCaKeySources = [
+  { label: "Internal", value: SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL },
+  { label: "External", value: SshCaKeySource.EXTERNAL }
+];
+
+const schema = z
+  .object({
+    friendlyName: z.string(),
+    keySource: z.nativeEnum(SshCaKeySource),
+    publicKey: z.string().optional(),
+    privateKey: z.string().optional(),
+    keyAlgorithm: z.enum([
+      SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_2048,
+      SshCertKeyAlgorithm.RSA_4096,
+      SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P256,
+      SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ECDSA_P384,
+      SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519
+    ])
+  })
+  .required();
+
+export type FormData = z.infer<typeof schema>;
+
+export const SshCaModal = ({ popUp, handlePopUpToggle }: Props) => {
+  const navigate = useNavigate();
+  const { currentWorkspace } = useWorkspace();
+  const projectId = currentWorkspace?.id || "";
+  const { data: ca } = useGetSshCaById((popUp?.sshCa?.data as { caId: string })?.caId || "");
+
+  const { mutateAsync: createMutateAsync } = useCreateSshCa();
+  const { mutateAsync: updateMutateAsync } = useUpdateSshCa();
+
+  const {
+    control,
+    handleSubmit,
+    reset,
+    formState: { isSubmitting },
+    watch
+  } = useForm<FormData>({
+    resolver: zodResolver(schema),
+    defaultValues: {
+      friendlyName: "",
+      keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519,
+      keySource: SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL,
+      publicKey: "",
+      privateKey: ""
+    }
+  });
+
+  const caKeySource = watch("keySource");
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (ca) {
+      reset({
+        friendlyName: ca.friendlyName,
+        keyAlgorithm: ca.keyAlgorithm,
+        keySource: ca.keySource,
+        publicKey: ca.publicKey
+      });
+    } else {
+      reset({
+        friendlyName: "",
+        keyAlgorithm: SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519,
+        keySource: SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL,
+        publicKey: "",
+        privateKey: ""
+      });
+    }
+  }, [ca]);
+
+  const onFormSubmit = async ({
+    friendlyName,
+    keySource,
+    keyAlgorithm,
+    publicKey,
+    privateKey
+  }: FormData) => {
+    try {
+      if (!projectId) return;
+
+      if (ca) {
+        await updateMutateAsync({
+          caId: ca.id,
+          friendlyName
+        });
+      } else {
+        const { id: newCaId } = await createMutateAsync({
+          projectId,
+          friendlyName,
+          keySource,
+          keyAlgorithm,
+          publicKey,
+          privateKey
+        });
+
+        navigate({
+          to: `/${ProjectType.SSH}/$projectId/ca/$caId` as const,
+          params: {
+            projectId,
+            caId: newCaId
+          }
+        });
+      }
+
+      reset();
+      handlePopUpToggle("sshCa", false);
+
+      createNotification({
+        text: `Successfully ${ca ? "updated" : "created"} SSH CA`,
+        type: "success"
+      });
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error(err);
+      createNotification({
+        text: `Failed to ${ca ? "update" : "create"} SSH CA`,
+        type: "error"
+      });
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <Modal
+      isOpen={popUp?.sshCa?.isOpen}
+      onOpenChange={(isOpen) => {
+        reset();
+        handlePopUpToggle("sshCa", isOpen);
+      }}
+    >
+      <ModalContent title={`${ca ? "View" : "Create"} SSH CA`}>
+        <form onSubmit={handleSubmit(onFormSubmit)}>
+          {ca && (
+            <FormControl label="CA ID">
+              <Input value={ca.id} isDisabled className="bg-white/[0.07]" />
+            </FormControl>
+          )}
+          <Controller
+            control={control}
+            defaultValue=""
+            name="friendlyName"
+            render={({ field, fieldState: { error } }) => (
+              <FormControl
+                label="Friendly Name"
+                isError={Boolean(error)}
+                errorText={error?.message}
+                isRequired
+              >
+                <Input {...field} placeholder="My SSH CA" />
+              </FormControl>
+            )}
+          />
+          {caKeySource && (
+            <Controller
+              control={control}
+              name="keySource"
+              defaultValue={SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL}
+              render={({ field: { onChange, ...field }, fieldState: { error } }) => (
+                <FormControl
+                  label="Key Source"
+                  errorText={error?.message}
+                  isError={Boolean(error)}
+                  isRequired
+                >
+                  <Select
+                    defaultValue={field.value}
+                    {...field}
+                    onValueChange={(e) => onChange(e)}
+                    className="w-full"
+                    isDisabled={Boolean(ca)}
+                  >
+                    {sshCaKeySources.map(({ label, value }) => (
+                      <SelectItem value={String(value || "")} key={label}>
+                        {label}
+                      </SelectItem>
+                    ))}
+                  </Select>
+                </FormControl>
+              )}
+            />
+          )}
+          {caKeySource === SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL && (
+            <Controller
+              control={control}
+              name="keyAlgorithm"
+              defaultValue={SshCertKeyAlgorithm.ED25519}
+              render={({ field: { onChange, ...field }, fieldState: { error } }) => (
+                <FormControl
+                  label="Key Algorithm"
+                  errorText={error?.message}
+                  isError={Boolean(error)}
+                  isRequired={caKeySource === SshCaKeySource.INTERNAL}
+                >
+                  <Select
+                    defaultValue={field.value}
+                    {...field}
+                    onValueChange={(e) => onChange(e)}
+                    className="w-full"
+                    isDisabled={Boolean(ca)}
+                  >
+                    {sshCertKeyAlgorithms.map(({ label, value }) => (
+                      <SelectItem value={String(value || "")} key={label}>
+                        {label}
+                      </SelectItem>
+                    ))}
+                  </Select>
+                </FormControl>
+              )}
+            />
+          )}
+          {caKeySource === SshCaKeySource.EXTERNAL && !ca && (
+            <>
+              <Controller
+                control={control}
+                defaultValue=""
+                name="publicKey"
+                render={({ field, fieldState: { error } }) => (
+                  <FormControl
+                    label="Public Key"
+                    isError={Boolean(error)}
+                    errorText={error?.message}
+                    isRequired={caKeySource === SshCaKeySource.EXTERNAL}
+                  >
+                    <Input {...field} placeholder="ssh-rsa AAA..." />
+                  </FormControl>
+                )}
+              />
+              <Controller
+                control={control}
+                defaultValue=""
+                name="privateKey"
+                render={({ field, fieldState: { error } }) => (
+                  <FormControl
+                    label="Private Key"
+                    errorText={error?.message}
+                    isError={Boolean(error)}
+                    isRequired={caKeySource === SshCaKeySource.EXTERNAL}
+                  >
+                    <TextArea {...field} placeholder="-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY----- ..." />
+                  </FormControl>
+                )}
+              />
+            </>
+          )}
+          <div className="flex items-center">
+            <Button
+              className="mr-4"
+              size="sm"
+              type="submit"
+              isLoading={isSubmitting}
+              isDisabled={isSubmitting}
+            >
+              {popUp?.sshCa?.data ? "Update" : "Create"}
+            </Button>
+            <Button
+              colorSchema="secondary"
+              variant="plain"
+              onClick={() => handlePopUpToggle("sshCa", false)}
+            >
+              Cancel
+            </Button>
+          </div>
+        </form>
+      </ModalContent>
+    </Modal>
+  );
+};

frontend/src/pages/ssh/SshCasPage/components/index.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export { SshCaSection } from "./SshCaSection";

frontend/src/pages/ssh/SshCasPage/route.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from "@tanstack/react-router";
+
+import { SshCasPage } from "./SshCasPage";
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute(
+  "/_authenticate/_inject-org-details/_org-layout/ssh/$projectId/_ssh-layout/cas"
+)({
+  component: SshCasPage
+});

frontend/src/pages/ssh/SshCertsPage/SshCertsPage.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import { Helmet } from "react-helmet";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
+
+import { PageHeader } from "@app/components/v2";
+
+import { SshCertificatesSection } from "./components";
+
+export const SshCertsPage = () => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  return (
+    <>
+      <Helmet>
+        <title>{t("common.head-title", { title: "Certificates" })}</title>
+      </Helmet>
+      <div className="h-full bg-bunker-800">
+        <div className="container mx-auto flex flex-col justify-between bg-bunker-800 text-white">
+          <div className="mx-auto mb-6 w-full max-w-7xl">
+            <PageHeader
+              title="SSH Certificates"
+              description="View and audit all issued SSH certificates, including validity and associated access metadata."
+            />
+            <SshCertificatesSection />
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </>
+  );
+};